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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL中保留字的处理

9.6.MySQL中保留字的处理 尝试使用一个识别符,例如使用嵌入式 MySQL 数据类型或函数名作为表名或列名,例如 TIMESTAMP 或 GROUP ,会造成一个常见问题。允许你这样操作 ( 例如, ABS 可以作为一个列名 ) 。但是,默认情况下,在数调用中在函数名和后面的 (

 9.6. MySQL中保留字的处理

尝试使用一个识别符,例如使用嵌入式MySQL 数据类型或函数名作为表名或列名,例如TIMESTAMPGROUP ,会造成一个常见问题。允许你这样操作( 例如,ABS 可以作为一个列名) 。但是,默认情况下,在数调用中在函数名和后面的‘( ’字符之间不允许有空格。该要求使函数调用与列名引用不同。

该行为的不利结果是在某些上下文中省略一个空格会使识别符解释为函数名。例如,该语句合法:

<span>mysql> </span>

<span><strong><span>CREATE TABLE abs (val INT)</span>
<span>;</span>

</strong>

</span>

但省略abs 后面的空格会造成语法错误,因为省略后该语句好像要调用ABS() 函数:

<span>mysql> </span>

<span><strong><span>CREATE TABLE abs(val INT);</span>

</strong>

</span>

如果SQL 服务器模式包括IGNORE_SPACE 模式值,服务器允许函数调用时在函数名和后面的‘( ’字符之间有空格。这样使函数名被视为保留字。结果是,与函数名相同的识别符必须按照9.2节,“数据库、表、索引、列和别名”中所描述的引起来。SQL 服务器模式按照5.3.2节,“SQL服务器模式”中所描述的进行控制。

限定名中句点后面的字必须为一个识别符,因此不需要将它引起来,即使它是一个保留字。

MySQL 中,下表中的字显式被保留。其中大多数字进制被标准SQL 用作列名和/ 或表名( 例如,GROUP ) 。少数被保留了,因为MySQL 需要它们,( 目前) 使用yacc 解析程序。保留字被引起来后可以用作识别符。

ADD ALL ALTER
ANALYZE AND AS
ASC ASENSITIVE BEFORE
BETWEEN BIGINT BINARY
BLOB BOTH BY
CALL CASCADE CASE
CHANGE CHAR CHARACTER
CHECK COLLATE COLUMN
CONDITION CONNECTION CONSTRAINT
CONTINUE CONVERT CREATE
CROSS CURRENT_DATE CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURRENT_USER CURSOR
DATABASE DATABASES DAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECOND DAY_MINUTE DAY_SECOND
DEC DECIMAL DECLARE
DEFAULT DELAYED DELETE
DESC DESCRIBE DETERMINISTIC
DISTINCT DISTINCTROW DIV
DOUBLE DROP DUAL
EACH ELSE ELSEIF
ENCLOSED ESCAPED EXISTS
EXIT EXPLAIN FALSE
FETCH FLOAT FLOAT4
FLOAT8 FOR FORCE
FOREIGN FROM FULLTEXT
GOTO GRANT GROUP
HAVING HIGH_PRIORITY HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTE HOUR_SECOND IF
IGNORE IN INDEX
INFILE INNER INOUT
INSENSITIVE INSERT INT
INT1 INT2 INT3
INT4 INT8 INTEGER
INTERVAL INTO IS
ITERATE JOIN KEY
KEYS KILL LABEL
LEADING LEAVE LEFT
LIKE LIMIT LINEAR
LINES LOAD LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP LOCK LONG
LONGBLOB LONGTEXT LOOP
LOW_PRIORITY MATCH MEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINT MEDIUMTEXT MIDDLEINT
MINUTE_MICROSECOND MINUTE_SECOND MOD
MODIFIES NATURAL NOT
NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG NULL NUMERIC
ON OPTIMIZE OPTION
OPTIONALLY OR ORDER
OUT OUTER OUTFILE
PRECISION PRIMARY PROCEDURE
PURGE RAID0 RANGE
READ READS REAL
REFERENCES REGEXP RELEASE
RENAME REPEAT REPLACE
REQUIRE RESTRICT RETURN
REVOKE RIGHT RLIKE
SCHEMA SCHEMAS SECOND_MICROSECOND
SELECT SENSITIVE SEPARATOR
SET SHOW SMALLINT
SPATIAL SPECIFIC SQL
SQLEXCEPTION SQLSTATE SQLWARNING
SQL_BIG_RESULT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS SQL_SMALL_RESULT
SSL STARTING STRAIGHT_JOIN
TABLE TERMINATED THEN
TINYBLOB TINYINT TINYTEXT
TO TRAILING TRIGGER
TRUE UNDO UNION
UNIQUE UNLOCK UNSIGNED
UPDATE USAGE USE
USING UTC_DATE UTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMP VALUES VARBINARY
VARCHAR VARCHARACTER VARYING
WHEN WHERE WHILE
WITH WRITE X509
XOR YEAR_MONTH ZEROFILL

MySQL 允许部分关键字用做未引起来的识别符,因为许多人以前曾使用过它们。下面列出了一些例子:

  • ACTION

  • BIT

  • DATE

  • ENUM

  • NO

  • TEXT

  • TIME

  • TIMESTAMP

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