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欢迎进入Windows社区论坛,与300万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 在SQL Server中,数据库的每一个对象都是由一个具有4部分的完全限定名称来标识。 这种的名称格式为: Server.database.Schema.object; Server和database的省略一般不会出现大的问题,但是省略了sch

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  在SQL Server中,数据库的每一个对象都是由一个具有4部分的完全限定名称来标识。

  这种的名称格式为:

  Server.database.Schema.object;

  Server和database的省略一般不会出现大的问题,但是省略了schema的时候,SQL Server一般会假定是已登录的用户的名称空间。如果没有明确的指派,一般又会给新用户默认的Dbo构架。

  有个例子,如果用户Fred登录进服务器Paul,它的数据库上下文设定为AdventureWorks2008,由于没有为Fred指派一个用户定义架构,他存在于默认的dbo构架中。

  如果Fred的查询Person表:

  Select * fromPerson;

  这个就会被解析成为:Paul.AdventureWorks2008.dbo.Person.

  但是Person的完全定义为:Paul.AdventureWorks2008.Person.Person.

  这样的情况下,正确的写法就应该是:

  Select *fromPerson.Person;

  当然我们有方法可以使用命令把Fred的默认架构改为Person架构。

  UseAdventureWorks2008;

  Go

  Alter User Fred withDefault_Schema=Person;

  Go

  另外的一个例子是创建了用户Fred的默认架构是Person,但是Fred想要检索的是dbo.Databaselog.

  Select * from databaselog;

  SQL Server 首先是会将它查询解析为:Paul.AdventureWorks2008.Person.Databaselpg,因为Fred的默认架构是Person,而Person架构中并不存在Person表,所以首次解析不会成功,但是之后SQL Server会转而用dbo架构,解析成为正确的形式,并且得到正确的结果。

  SQL Server总之是首先搜索指派的架构,如果首次解析失败,则会搜索dbo架构。

  特别注意的是:在两个架构中,同样会出现有相同名称的表,所以在处理这种问题的时候是需要特别注意的。不然可能会出现查询数据不对的情况。

SQLServer中的对象名称

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