Scope是AngularJS里的一个很重要的概念,简单的说它就是用来保存AngularJS Model们的对象,是Model们温暖的小家~ 那这个小家是什么时候造的呢? 1 html ng-app = mainApp 2 / html 我们知道, ng-app 是一个应用启动AngularJS的入口点,在这里也会创建一个r
Scope是AngularJS里的一个很重要的概念,简单的说它就是用来保存AngularJS Model们的对象,是Model们温暖的小家~
那这个小家是什么时候造的呢?
<span>1</span> <span>html</span> <span>ng-app</span>=<span>"mainApp"</span>> <span>2</span> <span><span>html</span>></span>
我们知道, ng-app
是一个应用启动AngularJS的入口点,在这里也会创建一个root
scope,在controller里可以通过 $rootScope
调到,每个应用只能有一个root
scope(当然了~root嘛~),但它会有多个child scope,那啥时候会创建child scope呢?
<span>1</span> <span>html</span> <span>ng-app</span>=<span>"mainApp"</span>> <span>2</span> <span>body</span> <span>ng-controller</span>=<span>"MainCtrl"</span>> <span>3</span> <span>div</span> <span>ng-controller</span>=<span>"SubCtrl"</span> <span>ng-include</span> <span>src</span>=<span>" 'template.html' "</span>> <span>4</span> <span><span>div</span>></span> <span>5</span> <span>ul</span>> <span>6</span> <span>li</span> <span>ng-repeat</span>=<span>"item in items"</span>>{{item.name}}<span><span>li</span>></span> <span>7</span> <span><span>ul</span>></span> <span>8</span> <span><span>body</span>></span> <span>9</span> <span><span>html</span>></span>
在上面的例子里, ng-controller
ng-include
ng-repeat
都创建了新的child
scope( ng-repeat
是对每一个重复的元素都创建了新的child
scope),他们之间的父子关系是这样的:
包含关系即是他们的父子关系,子scope是可以访问父scope上绑定的所有model和function的。
AngularJS会给scope对应的dom添加叫ng-scope的class,如果我们给自己的应用加这样一个css~
<span>1</span> <span><span>.ng-scope</span> </span><span>{<span><span><span>border</span></span></span><span>:<span><span> <span>2</span>px dotted red</span></span><span>;</span></span><span>}</span></span>
通过红色的虚线边框我们也可以看出来大概scope的范围,但注意,并不是所有的ng-scope都是新的scope,有些ng-scope类名对应的dom共享的是同一个scope。
细心的童鞋可能注意到, ng-controller="SubCtrl"
和 ng-include
放在同一个div上了,为啥 ng-controller="SubCtrl"
就是爸爸, ng-include
就是儿子呢?
这个没啥特别的原因, ng-controller
在AngularJS底层代码里实现的比较靠前而已,与在div上标明的顺序无关,但是这时会发生一个问题:
假如在 ng-include
对应的 template.html
里有这样的代码:
template.html
<span>1</span> <span><span></span><span><span><span>input</span> </span><span><span>type</span></span><span>=<span>"text"</span></span><span> <span>ng-model</span></span><span>=<span>"lastName"</span></span> <span>></span></span></span>
我们会发现,在 ng-controller="SubCtrl"
这个controller里是取不到lastName
的值的。
原因是这样的~
我们假设 ng-controller="SubCtrl"
对应的是 Scope
A , ng-include
对应的是 Scope
B ~
-
ng-include
创建的 Scope B 是ng-controller
创建的 Scope A 的子scope,所以在template.html
里可以访问 Scope A 的model和function。 - 在
template.html
里用ng-model
绑定的model,是存放在 Scope B 上的,Scope A 是拿不到的,即使model同名。
解决方案:
- 直接对 Scope A 的model绑定成员对象,如
ng-model="user.lastName"
- 或在
template.html
使用ng-model
绑定model时,加上$parent
(取父scope),如:ng-model="$parent.lastName"
,这样info就绑定在 Scope A上了
比较推荐第一种方式,因为第一种抽象出了对象,比起第二种所有的model都直接绑在$scope上来,封装的更好~
这里是官方Scope介绍~

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