今天在CentOS6.4下装MySQL5.6.14,又是痛苦的一天,继续记录一下 RPM和yum CentOS使用的包式是RPM,所以通常在CentOS上安装软件的方法,就是找到对应的RPM包,然后用rpm命令进行安装。但是软件之间,往往存在依赖的关系,如果全都手动安装,就会很麻烦,所以
今天在CentOS6.4下装MySQL5.6.14,又是痛苦的一天,继续记录一下
RPM和yum
CentOS使用的包格式是RPM,所以通常在CentOS上安装软件的方法,就是找到对应的RPM包,然后用rpm命令进行安装。但是软件之间,往往存在依赖的关系,如果全都手动安装,就会很麻烦,所以在CentOS上还有yum工具,用来处理依赖
总的来说,RPM是CentOS上的包格式,而yum则是RPM包的管理工具。类似Google Play Store和APK的关系
如果用yum能正常装好,我建议就用yum,确实方便很多,尽量不要手工用rpm安装。但是有时候yum搞不定,比如版本不满足,或者速度太慢,或者像我今天这样出现了莫名其妙的情况,那就只能用rpm来装了
卸载CentOS自带的低版本MySQL
rpm -qa | grep mysql,或者rpm -qa | grep MySQL
不同版本的mysql,大小写不一样,所以要注意。CentOS6.4自带了一个低版本的mysql(小写),先用rpm -e mysql卸载掉
下载RPM包
在这个链接下载:MySQL Resource
注意版本要选对,我这里选的是Linux Generic,因为没有找到针对CentOS6.4的,另外选32位还是64位,要根据目标硬件的实际情况。然后用WINSCP传到服务器上,解压以后得到很多个rpm
后面暂时只会用到MySQL-server那个包
安装perl
安装的时候提示没有perl,这就看出RPM依赖麻烦的地方了。好在perl可以用yum装,不需要再去找perl的RPM包。用yum -y install perl完成安装
安装MySQL
用命令rpm -ivh /path/MySQL-server-xxx.rpm,自动安装,安装成功应该看到下面这个信息:
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]
然后检查一下各相关的目录。这里就体现出RPM安装比node和mongodb这样的解压安装麻烦多了,文件零零散散地放在各种地方,主要是:
数据库目录:/var/lib/mysql
配置文件目录:/usr/share/mysql
命令目录:/usr/bin,ll mysql*
启动脚本目录:/etc/init.d,ll mysql*
最后检查一下是否有mysql服务了
chkconfig --list
看到了mysql服务,说明已经安装成功了,接下来就可以用service mysql start启动
这里也有个坑,网上大部分帖子都说服务名是mysqld,其实应该是mysql,不知道mysqld是什么版本的
启动失败原因排查
启动居然失败了:
到/var/lib/mysql目录下,可以看到启动失败的错误日志
提示要先运行mysql_upgrade命令,又出现了另外一个错误
上网搜索了一下,应该先执行这个命令
mysql_install_db --user=mysql --ldata=/var/lib/mysql/
[root@yilos-dev-image bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
初始化的root密码是空,注意是MySQL的root,不是CentOS的root
安装client
为了在本机管理MySQL,需要把客户端也装起来,过程同server的RPM安装,安装以后才能用mysql命令进行管理。注意作为CLI的mysql和作为service的mysql是不同的
几个常用的命令:
show databases;
show tables;
use [dbname];

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ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

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The best tools and technologies for automating the creation of users in MySQL include: 1. MySQLWorkbench, suitable for small to medium-sized environments, easy to use but high resource consumption; 2. Ansible, suitable for multi-server environments, simple but steep learning curve; 3. Custom Python scripts, flexible but need to ensure script security; 4. Puppet and Chef, suitable for large-scale environments, complex but scalable. Scale, learning curve and integration needs should be considered when choosing.

Yes,youcansearchinsideaBLOBinMySQLusingspecifictechniques.1)ConverttheBLOBtoaUTF-8stringwithCONVERTfunctionandsearchusingLIKE.2)ForcompressedBLOBs,useUNCOMPRESSbeforeconversion.3)Considerperformanceimpactsanddataencoding.4)Forcomplexdata,externalproc


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