步骤 第一步:引入需要的包; 如java.sql.*,javax.sql.*; 第二步:加载驱动; Class.forName(String className); 注:另一种方法是:DriverManager.registerDriver(new 驱动类名() (如OracleDriver()) );在实际开发中不推荐这种方法,这种方法会导致驱
步骤第一步:引入需要的包;
如java.sql.*,javax.sql.*;
第二步:加载驱动;
Class.forName(String className);
注:另一种方法是:DriverManager.registerDriver(new 驱动类名()(如OracleDriver()));在实际开发中不推荐这种方法,这种方法会导致驱动程序加载两次,效率不高
第三步:得到与数据库的连接;
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(String url,String user,String password);
注:根据url获取数据库的连接,user是登陆数据库的用户名,password是登陆密码
数据库url详解:url的写法为: localhost可以用指向本地机的回送地址127.0.0.1代替
常用数据库url地址的写法:
Oracle——jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:sid
SqlServer——jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433; DatabaseName=sid
MySQL——jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sid
第四步:创建发送sql语句的对象;
Statement statement=conn.createStatement();
注:
有三种类可用:
①Statement:这个类是最原始最普通的,可以实现crud操作,但在查询操作中可能会出现注入漏洞;
②PrepareStatement:可以对sql语句进行预处理,可以使用其提供的set方法防止注入漏洞,安全性和可靠性比较高;
③CallableStatement:用于调用存储过程;
第五步:通过statement向数据库发送sql语句;
statement.executeUpdate(String sql); //executeUpdate()用于执行INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE语句或DDL语句,会返回一个结果代表该sql语句影响的行数
statement.executeQuery(String sql); //executeQuery()用于执行SELECT语句,会返回一个结果集ResultSet,需要对结构进行处理
第六步:断开与数据库的连接,并释放相关资源(按先打开的后关闭原则进行关闭);
注:整个数据库处理语句会抛异常所以用try catch块包起来,关闭连接的语句写在块后面的finally块中

MySQLdiffersfromotherSQLdialectsinsyntaxforLIMIT,auto-increment,stringcomparison,subqueries,andperformanceanalysis.1)MySQLusesLIMIT,whileSQLServerusesTOPandOracleusesROWNUM.2)MySQL'sAUTO_INCREMENTcontrastswithPostgreSQL'sSERIALandOracle'ssequenceandt

MySQL partitioning improves performance and simplifies maintenance. 1) Divide large tables into small pieces by specific criteria (such as date ranges), 2) physically divide data into independent files, 3) MySQL can focus on related partitions when querying, 4) Query optimizer can skip unrelated partitions, 5) Choosing the right partition strategy and maintaining it regularly is key.

How to grant and revoke permissions in MySQL? 1. Use the GRANT statement to grant permissions, such as GRANTALLPRIVILEGESONdatabase_name.TO'username'@'host'; 2. Use the REVOKE statement to revoke permissions, such as REVOKEALLPRIVILEGESONdatabase_name.FROM'username'@'host' to ensure timely communication of permission changes.

InnoDB is suitable for applications that require transaction support and high concurrency, while MyISAM is suitable for applications that require more reads and less writes. 1.InnoDB supports transaction and bank-level locks, suitable for e-commerce and banking systems. 2.MyISAM provides fast read and indexing, suitable for blogging and content management systems.

There are four main JOIN types in MySQL: INNERJOIN, LEFTJOIN, RIGHTJOIN and FULLOUTERJOIN. 1.INNERJOIN returns all rows in the two tables that meet the JOIN conditions. 2.LEFTJOIN returns all rows in the left table, even if there are no matching rows in the right table. 3. RIGHTJOIN is contrary to LEFTJOIN and returns all rows in the right table. 4.FULLOUTERJOIN returns all rows in the two tables that meet or do not meet JOIN conditions.

MySQLoffersvariousstorageengines,eachsuitedfordifferentusecases:1)InnoDBisidealforapplicationsneedingACIDcomplianceandhighconcurrency,supportingtransactionsandforeignkeys.2)MyISAMisbestforread-heavyworkloads,lackingtransactionsupport.3)Memoryengineis

Common security vulnerabilities in MySQL include SQL injection, weak passwords, improper permission configuration, and unupdated software. 1. SQL injection can be prevented by using preprocessing statements. 2. Weak passwords can be avoided by forcibly using strong password strategies. 3. Improper permission configuration can be resolved through regular review and adjustment of user permissions. 4. Unupdated software can be patched by regularly checking and updating the MySQL version.

Identifying slow queries in MySQL can be achieved by enabling slow query logs and setting thresholds. 1. Enable slow query logs and set thresholds. 2. View and analyze slow query log files, and use tools such as mysqldumpslow or pt-query-digest for in-depth analysis. 3. Optimizing slow queries can be achieved through index optimization, query rewriting and avoiding the use of SELECT*.


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