一:安装oracle 安装 Oracle 前请先设置 setup.exe的属性 ,兼容模式、特权等级两个地方打“ √”,确定退出。 接下来进入正式安装 第一步:双击安装包里面的setup.exe, 出现安装对话框 。选择高级安装,然后按下一步。 第二步:根据你的需要选择安装的类型
一:安装oracle
安装Oracle前请先设置setup.exe的属性,兼容模式、特权等级两个地方打“√”,确定退出。
接下来进入正式安装
第一步:双击安装包里面的setup.exe,出现安装对话框。选择高级安装,然后按下一步。
第二步:根据你的需要选择安装的类型,然后下一步。
这里建议安装企业版,因为企业版功能比较强大。
第三步:选择安装路径,然后下一步。
建议使用默认路径,若要修改尽量只改盘符,即尽量不要破坏其结构。
另外安装路径不要有空格,否则很可能导致安装完成后有些功能运行不起来。
第四步:之后会进行先决条件检查,可见这里出现了个警告,这里的任何警告都必须解决掉,否则安装的软件必定出问题。Oracle必须要有一个固定的IP以供日后设置监听器时使用,这里显然就是这个问题,这里先跳到第五步。
第五步:添加一个假网卡,
(1)按CTRL+R(或者"开始"->"运行"),输入hdwwiz.exe打开硬件添加界面。
(2)选择手动添加(第二项),
(3)选择"网络适配器
(4)左边选择"Microsoft",右边选择"Loopback Adapter",确定
(5)点击完成即可
第六步:打开网络共享中心,在右侧选择“更改适配器设置”
本地连接2就是第五步新建的假网卡。对着它右键->属性,给新添加的假网卡"Microsoft Loopback Adapter"随便配置一个IP,例如"192.168.0.5/24",
然后回到步骤四,按上一步再按下一步重新运行一下先决条件检查,发现已经完全通过了,这下就可以安心地点下一步了
第七步:Oracle可以在安装软件的同时创建数据库,也可以先安装软件,再创建数据库
第八步:之后软件会弹出一个安装清单,检查没问题后点击“安装”即可
第九步:这时候只需要等待安装完毕即可。安装完毕后弹出完成对话框,其中两个URL可以使用浏览器打开来进行数据库管理,可以不记录,但要把这两个URL找回来比较麻烦,建议还是先记录好
二:安装PLSQL Developer
直接安装pls-setup.exe即可。
但是安装之后遇到了问题。出现了PL/SQL报错:无法解析指定的连接标识符。查了很多资料,多数说是因为 D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\NETWORK\ADMIN 目录下的tnsnames.ora问题。其实只要按照正规安装流程下来,这里不会出现问题。
经过测试发现,在使用oracle自带的sqlplus连接本机或者远程的oracle实例均能成功过,但使用 PL/SQL Developer (我装的是7.1版本)连接任何一个实例在登录时均报“ORA-12154: TNS:无法解析指定的连接标识符”错误。
先分析原因,既然sqlplus已经能够连接,说明oracle的安装(至少客户端的安装)是正常的,TNS的配置是正确的。问题应该出在PL/SQL Developer 自身。
无奈之下选择了重装PL/SQL Developer。运行安装程序以后弹出一个警告框,这次仔细的看了一下,大概意思是安装目录中含有特殊字符可能导致oracle无法连接。该提示窗口按“确认”按钮后依然会继续安装。恍然大悟啊,64位win7会把32位应用程序默认的安装到Program Files (x86)目录下,那两个括号可能让oracle郁闷了。改变安装路径为一个比较“大众化”的路径,再次:进行数据库连接,一切问题都解决了。
三,oracle net manager
(1)服务命名选项,如图:
这个选项配置的就是tnsnames.ora文件里的东西,提供给PL/SQL链接远程和本地数据库使用的服务。
(2)监听程序:向其他机器提供远程服务,如果没有配置,那么其他机器无法通过PL/SQL访问这台机器的数据库

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.

The main reasons for poor MySQL query performance include not using indexes, wrong execution plan selection by the query optimizer, unreasonable table design, excessive data volume and lock competition. 1. No index causes slow querying, and adding indexes can significantly improve performance. 2. Use the EXPLAIN command to analyze the query plan and find out the optimizer error. 3. Reconstructing the table structure and optimizing JOIN conditions can improve table design problems. 4. When the data volume is large, partitioning and table division strategies are adopted. 5. In a high concurrency environment, optimizing transactions and locking strategies can reduce lock competition.

In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.


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