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JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:43 PM
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JDBC 连接 Access 数据库的几种方式 前几天老师让作几个JSP连接数据库的例子,而且连接的数据库是Access数据库,对于这个数据库自己也不是太了解,后来了解到学习JDBC的时候,连接access是很方便的,很容易的,但是在连接的时候也出现了问题,但是还是解决了

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

前几天老师让作几个JSP连接数据库的例子,而且连接的数据库是Access数据库,对于这个数据库自己也不是太了解,后来了解到学习JDBC的时候,连接access是很方便的,很容易的,但是在连接的时候也出现了问题,但是还是解决了。接下来总结一下常用的几种连接方式。

例如有如下的Access数据库student,表basic,以及6条记录,现在通过几种方式在Jsp中将他们的数据显示出来。如图所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

对于几种连接Access数据库的方式,基本上都是基于JDBC-ODBC方式的,当然也有纯JDBC驱动的方式。这里我暂时就不说了。对于这几种方式,除了取得连接之处不同外,其他的代码都是一样的。所以这里先写出取得连接的几种方式,然后再用完整的代码进行显示。

方式一:通过JDBC-ODBC方式桥连直接连接:

1、对于这种方式,首先要建立ODBC数据源,我的系统是Win7系统,所以依次选择“控制面板----管理工具----数据源(ODBC)”,打开数据源管理器,如图所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

2、在“系统DSN”选项卡中,单击“添加”按钮,打开创建数据源对话框,选择Access数据库的驱动程序“Microsoft Access Driver(*.mdb)”如图所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

3、单击完成按钮,出现如下对话框,在数据源名中输入数据源的名字“JDBC-ODBC”,单击选择按钮,选择要操作的数据库“student.mdb,单击确定按钮完成数据源的配置。如图所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

4、数据源配置好了,就可以写获取连接的代码了,如下所示:

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

String url = "jdbc:odbc:JDBC-ODBC";

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url);

以上的三行代码就是通过JDBC-ODBC连接Access数据库的关键代码。这种方式连接可以很方便的记忆连接的url代码,这是很有用的。后面的代码就是正常写了。

方式二:通过数据库所在的绝对路径方式连接

上面说过这里的几种方式都是基于JDBC-ODBC方式。所以加载驱动的Class.forName()中的参数都是“sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver”。对于这种方式我将student.mdb文件放在了e盘的根目录下,在使用的时候,直接写上该数据库的绝对路径就行了。获取连接的代码如下所示:

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

String url = "jdbc:odbc:driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ="+"e://student.mdb ";

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url);

对于这种方式不用配置数据源,虽然代码比较多,但是很好理解的。也是很常用的。

方式三:通过请求来获取数据库的绝对路径方式连接

对于这种方式,我个人认为很适合在Java Web应用中使用,将做好的应用给别人,别人也可以使用。我将该数据库文件放在了Web应用的根路径下。那么动态的获取连接的代码如下所示:

String path = application.getRealPath("/index.jsp");

path = path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("\\"))+"\\";

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

String url = "jdbc:odbc:driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ="+path+"student.mdb ";

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url);

以上便是三种方式获取连接。接下来便是显示的代码了。代码如下所示:




    
        <title>Access</title>
    
    
        
学号 姓名 年龄 地址 语文 数学 英语

运行JSP结果如下所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

当将连接改为第二种方式的时候还是好使的,JSP代码如下所示:



    
        <title>JDBC连接Access数据库的第二种方式</title>
    
    
        
学号 姓名 年龄 地址 语文 数学 英语

运行JSP结果如下所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

当将连接改为第三种方式的时候还是好使的,JSP代码如下所示:



    
        <title>JDBC连接Access数据库的第三种方式</title>
    
    
        
学号 姓名 年龄 地址 语文 数学 英语

运行JSP结果如下所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

对于这种方式我的项目的目录结构如下所示:

JDBC连接Access数据库的几种方式

从上述的三种方式可以知道,无论使用哪一种都是好使的。

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