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linux C之access函数

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:43 PM
accesslinuxfunctionjudgment

access():判断是否具有存取文件的权限 相关函数 stat ,open,chmod,chown,setuid,setgid 表头文件 #includeunistd.h 定义函数 int access(const char * pathname, intmode); 函数说明 access()会检查是否可以读/写某一已存在的文件。 参数mode有几种情

access():判断是否具有存取文件的权限

相关函数
   stat,open,chmod,chown,setuid,setgid
表头文件
   #include
定义函数
   int access(const char * pathname, intmode);
函数说明
   access()会检查是否可以读/写某一已存在的文件。参数mode有几种情况组合,R_OK,W_OK,X_OK和F_OK。R_OK,W_OK与X_OK用来检查文件是否具有读取、写入和执行的权限。F_OK则是用来判断该文件是否存在。由于access()只作权限的核查,并不理会文件形态或文件内容,因此,如果一目录表示为“可写入”,表示可以在该目录中建立新文件等操作,而非意味此目录可以被当做文件处理。例如,你会发现DOS的文件都具有“可执行”权限,但用execve()执行时则会失败。
返回值
   若所有欲查核的权限都通过了检查则返回0值,表示成功,只要有一权限被禁止则返回-1
错误代码
    EACCESS 参数pathname 所指定的文件不符合所要求测试的权限。
    EROFS欲测试写入权限的文件存在于只读文件系统内。
    EFAULT参数pathname指针超出可存取内存空间。
    EINVAL参数mode 不正确。
    ENAMETOOLONG参数pathname太长。
    ENOTDIR参数pathname为一目录。
    ENOMEM核心内存不足    
    ELOOP参数pathname有过多符号连接问题。
    EIO I/O存取错误。
附加说明
   使用access()作用户认证方面的判断要特别小心,例如在access()后再做open()的空文件可能会造成系统安全上的问题。

范例

#include
int main()
{
    if(access(“/etc/passwd”,R_OK) = =0)
       printf(“/etc/passwd can be read\n”);
}
执行
/etc/passwd can be read 

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