/* 表关系:一对多:多端加外键,一端加主键 多对多:添加一个关系表,变为一对多的关系 一对一:外键--唯一键 E-R图:实体--表 属性--列 元组--行 主键列:唯一仅有的 外键列:用来约束主键列关联项的取 */ --创建 create table book( bid number(5), bname
/*
表关系:一对多:多端加外键,一端加主键
多对多:添加一个关系表,变为一对多的关系
一对一:外键-->唯一键
E-R图:实体-->表
属性-->列
元组-->行
主键列:唯一仅有的
外键列:用来约束主键列关联项的取值
*/
--创建
create table book(
bid number(5),
bname varchar2(20),
slid number(5)
)
--建立主键
alter table book
add constraints PK_BOOKlei
primary key(bid)
--建立外键
alter table book
add constraints FK_BOOK_BOOKlei
foreign key(slid)
references booklei(blid)
--创建
create table booklei(
blid number(5),
blname varchar2(20)
)
--多对多
create table student(
sid number(5) primary key,
sname varchar2(20)
)
create table tea_stu(
tid number(5) references student(sid),
tid number(5) references teacher(tid)
)
create table teacher(
tid number(5) primary key,
tname varchar2(20)
)
--一对一
create table person(
pid number(5) primary key,
pname varchar2(20),
cid number(5) unique references idcard(cid)
)
create table idcard(
cid number(5) primary key,
cnumber varchar2(20)
)
--连接查询(笛卡尔积)
--等值连接(不一定是=号,两张表也不一定是有主外键关系)
select * from emp e,dept d where e.deptno = d.deptno
--查询部门为'ACCOUNTING'的员工(***连接查询和嵌套子查询的扫描次数不同***)
select * from emp e,dept d where e.deptno = d.deptno and d.dname = 'ACCOUNTING'
select * from emp where deptno = (select deptno from dept where dname = 'ACCOUNTING')
--查询员工的薪金等级
select * from SALGRADE s,emp e where e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal
--查询各个工资等级的人数
select s.grade,count(*) from emp e,salgrade s
where e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal
group by s.grade
--查询每个部门每种工资等级的人数
select s.grade,d.dname,count(*) from emp e, dept d,salgrade s
where e.deptno = d.deptno and e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal
group by s.grade,d.dname
order by s.grade
--外连接:左外连接 (以左边的表为标准) / 右外连接(以右边的表为标准)
select * from emp e left join dept d on d.deptno = e.deptno
select * from dept d left join emp e on d.deptno = e.deptno
where empno is null
--自连接
select e1.ename,count(*) from emp e,emp e1 where e.mgr = e1.empno
group by e1.ename

Mastering the method of adding MySQL users is crucial for database administrators and developers because it ensures the security and access control of the database. 1) Create a new user using the CREATEUSER command, 2) Assign permissions through the GRANT command, 3) Use FLUSHPRIVILEGES to ensure permissions take effect, 4) Regularly audit and clean user accounts to maintain performance and security.

ChooseCHARforfixed-lengthdata,VARCHARforvariable-lengthdata,andTEXTforlargetextfields.1)CHARisefficientforconsistent-lengthdatalikecodes.2)VARCHARsuitsvariable-lengthdatalikenames,balancingflexibilityandperformance.3)TEXTisidealforlargetextslikeartic

Best practices for handling string data types and indexes in MySQL include: 1) Selecting the appropriate string type, such as CHAR for fixed length, VARCHAR for variable length, and TEXT for large text; 2) Be cautious in indexing, avoid over-indexing, and create indexes for common queries; 3) Use prefix indexes and full-text indexes to optimize long string searches; 4) Regularly monitor and optimize indexes to keep indexes small and efficient. Through these methods, we can balance read and write performance and improve database efficiency.

ToaddauserremotelytoMySQL,followthesesteps:1)ConnecttoMySQLasroot,2)Createanewuserwithremoteaccess,3)Grantnecessaryprivileges,and4)Flushprivileges.BecautiousofsecurityrisksbylimitingprivilegesandaccesstospecificIPs,ensuringstrongpasswords,andmonitori

TostorestringsefficientlyinMySQL,choosetherightdatatypebasedonyourneeds:1)UseCHARforfixed-lengthstringslikecountrycodes.2)UseVARCHARforvariable-lengthstringslikenames.3)UseTEXTforlong-formtextcontent.4)UseBLOBforbinarydatalikeimages.Considerstorageov

When selecting MySQL's BLOB and TEXT data types, BLOB is suitable for storing binary data, and TEXT is suitable for storing text data. 1) BLOB is suitable for binary data such as pictures and audio, 2) TEXT is suitable for text data such as articles and comments. When choosing, data properties and performance optimization must be considered.

No,youshouldnotusetherootuserinMySQLforyourproduct.Instead,createspecificuserswithlimitedprivilegestoenhancesecurityandperformance:1)Createanewuserwithastrongpassword,2)Grantonlynecessarypermissionstothisuser,3)Regularlyreviewandupdateuserpermissions

MySQLstringdatatypesshouldbechosenbasedondatacharacteristicsandusecases:1)UseCHARforfixed-lengthstringslikecountrycodes.2)UseVARCHARforvariable-lengthstringslikenames.3)UseBINARYorVARBINARYforbinarydatalikecryptographickeys.4)UseBLOBorTEXTforlargeuns


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Atom editor mac version download
The most popular open source editor
