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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorialchrome developer tool 调试技巧

这篇文章是根据目前chrome稳定版(19.0.1084.52 m)写的, 因为 google 也在不断完善chromedeveloper tool, 所以chrome版本不同可能稍有差别. 一些快捷键也是 windows 上的, mac 下的应该大同小异. 常规的断点相关的 breakpoint/conditional-breakpoint/call-st

这篇文章是根据目前 chrome 稳定版(19.0.1084.52 m)写的, 因为 google 也在不断完善chrome developer tool, 所以 chrome 版本不同可能稍有差别. 一些快捷键也是 windows 上的, mac 下的应该大同小异.

常规的断点相关的 breakpoint/conditional-breakpoint/call-stack/watch-expressions 等就不涉及了.

1. Beautify Javascript

js 文件在上线前一般都会压缩下, 压缩的 javascript 几乎没有可读性, 几乎无法设定断点. 在 Scripts 面板下面有个 Pretty print 按钮(这种符号 {}), 点击会将压缩 js 文件格式化缩进规整的文件, 这时候在设定断点可读性就大大提高了.

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

2. 查看元素绑定了哪些事件

在 Elements 面板, 选中一个元素, 然后在右侧的 Event Listeners 下面会按类型出这个元素相关的事件, 也就是在事件捕获和冒泡阶段会经过的这个节点的事件.

在 Event Listeners 右侧下拉按钮中可以选择 Selected Node Only 只列出这个节点上的事件

展开事件后会显示出这个事件是在哪个文件中绑定的, 点击文件名会直接跳到绑定事件处理函数所在行, 如果 js 是压缩了的, 可以先 Pretty print 下, 然后再查看绑定的事件.

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

3. Ajax 时中断

在 Scripts 面板右侧有个 XHR Breakpoints, 点右侧的 + 会添加一个 xhr 断点, 断点是根据 xhr 的 url 匹配中断的, 如果不写匹配规则会在所有 ajax, 这个匹配只是简单的字符串查找, 发送前中断, 在中断后再在 Call Stack 中查看时那个地方发起的 ajax 请求

4. 页面事件中断

除了给设定常规断点外, 还可以在某一特定事件发生时中断(不针对元素) , 在 Scripts 面板右侧, 有个 Event Listener Breakpoints, 这里列出了支持的所有事件, 不仅 click, keyup 等事件, 还支持 Timer(在 setTimeout setInterval 处理函数开始执行时中断), onload, scroll 等事件.

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

5. Javascript 异常时中断

Pretty print 左侧的按钮是开启 js 抛异常时中断的开关, 有两种模式:在所有异常处中断, 在未捕获的异常处中断. 在异常处中断后就可以查看为什么抛出异常了

6. DOM Level 3 Event 事件中断

在 Elements 面板, 选中一个元素右键, 有两个选项:Break on subtree modifications, Break on attributes modifications, 这两个对应 DOM Level 3 Event 中的DOMSubtreeModified , DOMSubtreeModified 事件 在 Scripts 面板 DOM Breakpoints 处会列出所有 level3 的 event 中断

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

7. 所有 js 文件中搜索&查找 js 函数定义

  • 在 chrome developer tool 打开的情况下, 按 ctrl + shift + F, 在通过 js 钩子查找代码位置时很有用, 查找支持正则表达式
  • 查找函数定义: ctrl + shift + 0 (在 Scripts panel 下)
  • 查找文件: ctrl + o  (在 Scripts panel 下)
  • 更多快捷键: 在 chrome developer tool 中按 ? 查看帮助

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

8. command line api

  • $(id_selector) 这个与页面是否有 jQuery 无关
  • $$(css_selector)
  • $0, $1, $2, $3, $4
    1. Elements 面板中最近选中的 5 个元素, 最后选择的是 $0
    2. 这个 5 个变量时先进先出的
  • copy(str) 复制 str 到剪切板, 在断点时复制变量时有用
  • monitorEvents(object[, types])/unmonitorEvents(object[, types])
    1. 当 object 上 types 事件发生时在 console 中输出 event 对象
  • 更多 console api 请 console.log(console) 或 点击
  • 更多 command line api 点击

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

9. 实时修改 js 代码生效

  • 页面外部 js 文件在 Scripts 面板中可以直接修改, 改完后按 ctrl + S 保存, 会立即生效
  • 注意
    1. 经测试不支持 html 页面中 js 修改
    2. 经过 Pretty print 格式化的脚本不支持修改

10. console 中执行的代码可断点

在 console 中输入代码的最后一行加上 //@ sourceURL=filename.js, 会在 Scripts 面板中有个叫 filename.js 的文件, 然后他就和外部 js 文件一样了

chrome developer tool 调试技巧

function hello() {
  alert('say hi');
}
//@ sourceURL=hello.js

参考链接

  • chrome developer tool doc
  • Google I/O 2011: Chrome Dev Tools Reloaded
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