--左向外联; --如果主表左表中的行没有匹配连接表的行,结果中相关联来自连接表的列显示null; select * from members aleft join orders b on a.M_account=b.M_account 查询结果: liuzc518刘志成1972-05-18男湖南株洲3500.0liuzc518NULLNULLNULLNULLNULLNULL
--左向外联;
--如果主表左表中的行没有匹配连接表的行,结果中相关联来自连接表的列显示null;
select * from members a left join orders b on a.M_account=b.M_account
查询结果:
liuzc518 刘志成 1972-05-18 男 湖南株洲 3500.0 liuzc518 NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL zhao888 赵爱云 1972-02-12 男 湖南株洲 5500.0 zhao888 zhao888 0240810333 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 1 0 wangym 王咏梅 1974-08-06 女 湖南长沙 4000.0 wangym0806 wangym 0910810001 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 0 0 jinjin 津津有味 1982-04-14 女 北京市 8200.0 jinjin jinjin 0910810004 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 jinjin 津津有味 1982-04-14 女 北京市 8200.0 jinjin jinjin 0910810004 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 0 0 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810001 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 0 0 0 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810004 2 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810004 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 zhangzl 张自梁 1975-04-20 男 湖南株洲 4300.0 zhangzl NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL
--右向外联;(与左联接相反)
select * from members a right join orders b on a.M_account=b.M_account
查询结果:
NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL liuzc 0140810324 1 2005-10-09 00:00:00.000 0 0 0 NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL liuzc 0910810004 2 2005-10-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 0 NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL liuzc 0910810001 1 2005-10-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 0 wangym 王咏梅 1974-08-06 女 湖南长沙 4000.0 wangym0806 wangym 0910810001 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 0 0 jinjin 津津有味 1982-04-14 女 北京市 8200.0 jinjin jinjin 0910810004 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810001 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 0 0 0 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810004 2 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810004 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 jinjin 津津有味 1982-04-14 女 北京市 8200.0 jinjin jinjin 0910810004 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 0 0 zhao888 赵爱云 1972-02-12 男 湖南株洲 5500.0 zhao888 zhao888 0240810333 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 1 0
--全外连接;
全外连接是左联接和右连接的结合,返回左表和右表中所有的行;如果行在另一个表中没有匹配,另一个表中的select子语句
的列显示的为null,反之,结果中的整个行包含两个表的数据值
select * from members a full join orders b on a.M_account=b.M_account
查询结果:
liuzc518 刘志成 1972-05-18 男 湖南株洲 3500.0 liuzc518 NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL zhao888 赵爱云 1972-02-12 男 湖南株洲 5500.0 zhao888 zhao888 0240810333 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 1 0 wangym 王咏梅 1974-08-06 女 湖南长沙 4000.0 wangym0806 wangym 0910810001 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 0 0 jinjin 津津有味 1982-04-14 女 北京市 8200.0 jinjin jinjin 0910810004 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 jinjin 津津有味 1982-04-14 女 北京市 8200.0 jinjin jinjin 0910810004 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 0 0 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810001 1 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 0 0 0 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810004 2 2005-08-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 lfz 刘法治 1976-08-26 男 天津市 4500.0 lfz0826 lfz 0910810004 2 2005-06-06 00:00:00.000 1 1 1 zhangzl 张自梁 1975-04-20 男 湖南株洲 4300.0 zhangzl NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL liuzc 0140810324 1 2005-10-09 00:00:00.000 0 0 0 NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL liuzc 0910810004 2 2005-10-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 0 NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL liuzc 0910810001 1 2005-10-09 00:00:00.000 1 1 0

In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.

MySQL asynchronous master-slave replication enables data synchronization through binlog, improving read performance and high availability. 1) The master server record changes to binlog; 2) The slave server reads binlog through I/O threads; 3) The server SQL thread applies binlog to synchronize data.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

The installation and basic operations of MySQL include: 1. Download and install MySQL, set the root user password; 2. Use SQL commands to create databases and tables, such as CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE; 3. Execute CRUD operations, use INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE commands; 4. Create indexes and stored procedures to optimize performance and implement complex logic. With these steps, you can build and manage MySQL databases from scratch.

InnoDBBufferPool improves the performance of MySQL databases by loading data and index pages into memory. 1) The data page is loaded into the BufferPool to reduce disk I/O. 2) Dirty pages are marked and refreshed to disk regularly. 3) LRU algorithm management data page elimination. 4) The read-out mechanism loads the possible data pages in advance.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is simple to install, powerful and easy to manage data. 1. Simple installation and configuration, suitable for a variety of operating systems. 2. Support basic operations such as creating databases and tables, inserting, querying, updating and deleting data. 3. Provide advanced functions such as JOIN operations and subqueries. 4. Performance can be improved through indexing, query optimization and table partitioning. 5. Support backup, recovery and security measures to ensure data security and consistency.


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.