半夜醒来,有个蚊子在我旁边嗡嗡,打N下没弄死,自己身上倒是不少巴掌印,抑郁到天亮。。。 1 第一范式(1NF) 在任何一个关系数据库中,第一范式(1NF)是对关系模式的基本要求,不满足第一范式(1NF)的数据库就不是关系数据库。 所谓第一范式(1NF)是指
半夜醒来,有个蚊子在我旁边嗡嗡,打N下没弄死,自己身上倒是不少巴掌印,抑郁到天亮。。。
1 第一范式(1NF)
在任何一个关系数据库中,第一范式(1NF)是对关系模式的基本要求,不满足第一范式(1NF)的数据库就不是关系数据库。
所谓第一范式(1NF)是指数据库表的每一列都是不可分割的基本数据项,同一列中不能有多个值,即实体中的某个属性不能有多个值或者不能有重复的属 性。如果出现重复的属性,就可能需要定义一个新的实体,新的实体由重复的属性构成,新实体与原实体之间为一对多关系。在第一范式(1NF)中表的每一行只 包含一个实例的信息。简而言之,第一范式就是无重复的列。
2 第二范式(2NF)
第二范式(2NF)是在第一范式(1NF)的基础上建立起来的,即满足第二范式(2NF)必须先满足第一范式(1NF)。第二范式(2NF)要求数据 库表中的每个实例或行必须可以被唯一地区分。为实现区分通常需要为表加上一个列,以存储各个实例的唯一标识。这个唯一属性列被称为主关键字或主键、主码。
第二范式(2NF)要求实体的属性完全依赖于主关键字。所谓完全依赖是指不能存在仅依赖主关键字一部分的属性,如果存在,那么这个属性和主关键字的这 一部分应该分离出来形成一个新的实体,新实体与原实体之间是一对多的关系。为实现区分通常需要为表加上一个列,以存储各个实例的唯一标识。简而言之,第二 范式就是非主属性非部分依赖于主关键字。
所有单关键字的数据库表都符合第二范式,因为不可能存在组合关键字
3 第三范式(3NF)
满足第三范式(3NF)必须先满足第二范式(2NF)。简而言之,第三范式(3NF)要求一个数据库表中不包含已在其它表中已包含的非主关键字信息。简而言之,第三范式就是属性不依赖于其它非主属性。

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