MySQL数据库中提供了丰富的内置函数,这些内置函数可以帮助用户更加方便地处理数据表中的数据。 (1)数学函数 ABS(x) == 返回x的绝对 CEIL(x), CEILIN(x) == 返回不小于x的最小整数 FLOOR(x) == 返回不大于x的最大整数 RAND() == 返回0-1的随机数 RAND(x) ==
MySQL数据库中提供了丰富的内置函数,这些内置函数可以帮助用户更加方便地处理数据表中的数据。(1)数学函数
ABS(x) ==> 返回x的绝对值
CEIL(x), CEILIN(x) ==> 返回不小于x的最小整数值
FLOOR(x) ==> 返回不大于x的最大整数值
RAND() ==> 返回0-1的随机数
RAND(x) ==> 返回0-1的随机数,x值相同时返回的随机数相同
PI() ==> 返回pi的值
TRUNCATE(x, y) ==> 返回数值x保留到小数点后y位的值
ROUND(x) ==> 返回离x最近的整数
ROUND(x, y) ==> 返回x小数点后的y位的值,但截断时要四舍五入
POW(x, y) ==> 返回x的y次方的结果值
SQRT(x) ==> 返回非负数x的二次方根
MOD(x, y) ==> 返回x除以y后的余数
LOG(x) ==> 返回x的基数为2的对数
LOG10(x) ==> 返回x的基数为10的对数
(2)字符串函数
CHAR_LENGTH(s) ==> 返回字符串s的字符数
LENGTH(s) ==> 返回字符串s的长度
CONCAT(s1, s2, ...) ==> 返回结果为连接参数产生的字符串,如果有值为NULL,返回值为NULL
CONCAT_WS(x, s1, s2, ...) ==> 同CONCAT(s1, s2, ...),但每个字符串要直接加上x
INSERT(s1, x, len, s2) ==> 将字符串s2替换s1的x位置开始长度为len的字符串
UPPER(s), UCASE(s) ==> 将字符串s的所有字母转为大写字母
LOWER(s), LCASE(s) ==> 将字符串s的所有字母转为小写字母
LEFT(s, n) ==> 返回从字符串s开始的最左n个字符
RIGHT(s, n) ==> 返回从字符串s开始的最右n个字符
LPAD(s1, len, s2) ==> 返回字符串s1,其左边由字符串s2填补到len字符长度
RPAD(s1, len, s2) ==> 返回字符串s2, 其右边被字符串s2补填至len字符长度
LTRIM(s) ==> 删除字符串s开始处空格字符
RTRIM(s) ==> 删除字符串s结尾处空格字符
TRIM(s) ==> 删除字符串s开始处和结尾处的空格字符
TRIM(s1 FROM s) ==> 去除字符串s开始处和结尾处的字符串s1
REPEAT(s, n) ==> 将字符串s重复n次
SPACE(n) ==> 返回n个空格
REPLACE(s, s1, s2) ==> 用字符串s2替代字符串s中的s1
STRCMP(s1, s2) ==> 比较字符串s1和s2
SUBSTRING(s, n, len) ==> 获取从字符串s中的第n个位置开始的长度为len的字符串
MID(s, n, len) ==> 同SUBSTRING(s, n, len)
LOCATE(s1, s), POSITION(s1 IN s) ==> 从字符串s中获取s1的开始位置
INSTR(s, s1) ==> 从字符串s中获取s1的位置
REVERSE(s) ==> 将字符串s翻转过来
FIELD(s, s1, s2, ...) ==> 返回第一个与字符串s匹配的字符串的位置
(3)日期和时间函数
CURDATE(), CURRENT_DATE() ==> 返回当前日期
CURTIME(), CURRENT_TIME() ==> 返回当前时间
NOW(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), LOCALTIME(), SYSDATE(), LOCALTIMESTAMP() ==> 返回当前日期和时间
MONTH(d) ==> 返回日期d中月份值
MONTHNAME(d) ==> 返回日期d中的月份名称
DAYNAME(d) ==> 返回日期d是星期几,英文名
DAYOFWEEK(d) ==> 返回日期d是星期几,1表示星期日,2表示星期一
WEEKDAY(d) ==> 返回日期d是星期几,0表示星期一,1表示星期二
YEAR(d) ==> 返回日期d中的年份值
QUARTER(d) ==> 返回日期d是第几季度
HOUR(t) ==> 返回时间t中的小时值
MINUTE(t) ==> 返回时间t中的分钟值
SECOND(t) ==> 返回时间t中的秒钟值
DATE_FORMAT(d, f) ==> 按照表达式f的要求显示日期d
TIME_FORMAT(t, f) ==> 按照表达式f的要求显示时间t
ADDDATE(d, n) ==> 计算日期d加上n天后的日期
SUBDATE(d, n) ==> 计算日期d减去n天后的日期
ADDTIME(t, n) ==> 计算起始时间t加上n秒后的时间
SUBTIME(t, n) ==> 计算起始时间t减去n秒后的时间
DATEDIFF(d1, d2) ==> 计算日期d1和d2间隔的天数
(4)条件判断函数
IF(expr, v1, v2) ==> 如果表达式expr成立,则执行v1;否者,执行v2
IFNULL(v1, v2) ==> 如果v1不为空,则显示v1的值;否者显示v2的值
CASE WHEN expr1 THEN v1 [WHEN expr2 THEN v2] [ELSE vn] END ==> 条件判断选择函数
CASE expr WHEN e1 THEN v1 [WHEN e2 THEN v2] [ELSE vn] END ==> 条件判断选择函数
(5)系统信息函数
VERSION() ==> 获取数据库的版本号
CONNECTION_ID() ==> 获取服务器连接数
DATABASE(), SCHEMA() ==> 获取当前数据库名
USER(), SYSTEM_USER(), SESSION_USER() ==> 获取系统用户
CURRENT_USER(), CURRENT_USER ==>获取系统当前用户
CHARSET(str) ==> 获取字符串str的字符集
LAST_INSERT_ID() ==> 获取最近生成的AUTO_INCREMENT值
(6)加密函数
PASSWORD(str) ==> 对字符串str进行加密,经过加密的数据不可逆,如对用户注册密码进行加密
MD5(str) ==> 对字符串str进行加密
ENCODE(str, pswd_str) ==> 使用字符串pswd_str加密字符串str,加密结果用BLOB类型的字段保存
DECODE(crypt_str, pswd_str) ==> 使用字符串pswd_str为crypt_str解密
(7)其它函数
ASCII(s) ==> 返回字符串s的第一个字符的ASCII码
BIN(x) ==> 返回x的二进制编码
HEX(x) ==> 返回x的十六进制编码
OCT(x) ==> 返回x的八进制编码
INET_ATON(IP) ==> 将IP地址转换为数字显示
INET_NTOA(N) ==> 将数字N转换成IP的形式
CAST(x AS type) ==> 将x变成type类型
CONVERT(s USING cs) ==> 将字符串s的字符集变成cs(gbk, utf8, ucs2)
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_74a7e56e0101b8ax.html

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