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Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:29 PM

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联机事务处理（OLTP）和联机分析处理（OLAP）的不同，主要通过以下五点区分开来。用户和系统的面向性: OLTP是面向顾客的,用于事务和查询处理 OLAP是面向市场的,用于数据分析数据内容: OLTP系统管理当前数据. OLAP系统管理大量历史数据,提供汇总和聚集机制.

联机事务处理（OLTP）和联机分析处理（OLAP）的不同，主要通过以下五点区分开来。
用户和系统的面向性:
OLTP是面向顾客的,用于事务和查询处理
OLAP是面向市场的,用于数据分析
数据内容:
OLTP系统管理当前数据.
OLAP系统管理大量历史数据,提供汇总和聚集机制.
数据库设计:
OLTP采用实体-联系ER模型和面向应用的数据库设计.
OLAP采用星型或雪花模型和面向主题的数据库设计.
视图:
OLTP主要关注一个企业或部门内部的当前数据,不涉及历史数据或不同组织的数据
OLAP则相反.
访问模式:
OLTP系统的访问主要由短的原子事务组成.这种系统需要并行和恢复机制.
OLAP系统的访问大部分是只读操作

OLTP是传统的关系型数据库的主要应用，主要是基本的、日常的事务处理，例如银行交易。
OLAP是数据仓库系统的主要应用，支持复杂的分析操作，侧重决策支持，并且提供直观易懂的查询结果。

下表列出了OLTP与OLAP之间的比较:

	OLTP	OLAP
用户	操作人员，低层管理人员	决策人员，高级管理人员
功能	日常操作处理	分析决策
DB 设计	面向应用	面向主题
数据	最新的，细节的，二维的，分立的	历史的，聚集的，多维的，集成的
存取规模	读/写数条（甚至数百条）记录	读上百万（甚至上亿）条记录
操作频度	非常频繁（以秒计）	比较稀松（以小时甚至以周计）
工作单位	严格的事务	复杂的查询
用户数	数百个-数千万个	数个-数百个
DB 大小	100MB-GB	100GB-TB

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