在SQLServer2005之前,从不同的来源可以得到很多可用的脚本,来捕获哪些数据库进程产生 阻塞 以及哪些进程被 阻塞 。然而,这些脚本需要手工执行。sp_blocker就是一个实例。 然而,我们可以 利用 Sql Server Profiler ,来自动的捕获被 阻塞 的进程。要用Sql
在SQLServer2005之前,从不同的来源可以得到很多可用的脚本,来捕获哪些数据库进程产生阻塞以及哪些进程被阻塞。然而,这些脚本需要手工执行。sp_blocker就是一个实例。
然而,我们可以利用Sql Server Profiler ,来自动的捕获被阻塞的进程。要用Sql Server Profiler捕获这些进程,我们需要用到Sql Server Profiler 的Blocked Process Report事件。
.Blocked Process Report:这表示一个任务被阻塞的时间已经超出了特定时间长度。这个事件类不包含系统任务或等待非死锁可检测(non-deadlock-detectable)资源的任务。
为了配置Sql Server Profiler,我们必须在SqlServer中为捕获阻塞事件配置一个阈值。
现在我通过一个例子来实现,利用Sql Profiler捕捉阻塞事件:
一.配置Blocked Process Report
1.打开Sql Server Profiler工具 如图:
2.新建跟踪 如图:
3.选择要跟踪的数据实例,如图:
4.选择跟踪模板,为空白,如图:
5.选择Blocked Process Report 事件,如图:
为了配置阈值及生产报表的频度,可使用sp_configure命令来配置Blocked Process Report选项,默认情况下是不产生阻塞进程报表的。在代码实例中,Blocked Process Report配置为5秒钟报告一次阻塞事件,配置之后,再次执行sp_configure验证是否配置成功:
--<span>首先执行以下语句配置 sp_configure </span><span>'</span><span>show advanced options</span><span>'</span>,<span>1</span><span> GO RECONFIGURE GO sp_configure </span><span>'</span><span>blocked process threshold</span><span>'</span>,<span>5</span><span> GO RECONFIGURE GO </span>--<span>然后再执行 sp_configure</span>
如上图,出现如红色的行,证明配置成功了。
二.通过示例里数据库PerformanceDB来实现阻塞事件做个实验。
我们为实验开两个查询窗口:
1.第一个窗口中,执行如下UPDATE语句,这段代码有意令事务保持打开,从而可以触发阻塞事件。
<span>USE PerformanceDB BEGIN TRAN UPDATE dbo.Orders_new SET EmpID</span>=<span>445</span>,Filler=<span>'</span><span>b</span><span>'</span> WHERE orderId=<span>430</span>
2.第二个窗口中,执行相同条件的数据行。由于数据已经被UPDATE 事务阻塞,因此这个查询将会被阻塞
SELECT * FROM dbo.Orders_new WHERE orderId=<span>430</span>
但满足阻塞事件的阈值(在sp_configuer中为5秒)之后,Sql Profiler 会自动捕获每个阻塞事件。对于Sql Profiler中捕获的每个阻塞事件,Sql Profiler为阻塞者记录下执行语句,它会精确的定位哪个进程是阻塞者以及哪个进程被阻塞。这些数据会以XML格式显示,如图(会5秒钟捕捉一次):
配置Sql Profiler来捕捉阻塞事件,使得性能监视以及调校任务比以前容易了很多,我们测量阻塞事件的发生频度以及每天发生的阻塞事件数目,将会提供性能数据的定量检测。

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