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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialReactive Extensions (Rx) 入门(2) 安装 Reactive Extensio

原文:http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/fdotnet/introrx/introrx_01/introrx_01_02.html 作者:河合 宜文 安装方法 关于 Rx 的安装,可以通过 Reactive Extensions (Rx) 的主页的直接下载安装,当然也可以利用 NuGet 导入 dll (http://nuget.org/packages/Rx-Main

原文:http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/fdotnet/introrx/introrx_01/introrx_01_02.html

作者:河合 宜文


安装方法

关于 Rx 的安装,可以通过 Reactive Extensions (Rx) 的主页 的直接下载安装,当然也可以利用 NuGet 导入 dll (http://nuget.org/packages/Rx-Main) [译注: NuGet 是VS集成的在线 dll部署工具,非常方便]。Rx 不管是 Installer 还是 NuGet 安装的,都有 Stable(稳定版) 和 Experimental(实验版) 两种。

Stable版是API中方法名等不会再变更而Experimental版则是在Stable版中加入了一些实验性的方法等。例如:C# 5.0中新增特性await/async关键字、Expand方法等只在Experimental版中有。只在Experimental版中有的方法会以[ExperimentalAttribute]特性标识,在Visual Studio中通过metadata的表示可以区分出来。因此,在利用Experimental版的时候,这些加上[ExperimentalAttribute]特性标识的方法将来方法名,参数列表还是有可能发生变化的,需要留意。

另外,Experimental版在现在Developer Preview(开发者预览版)中的.NET Framework 4.5和WinRT(Windows 8 运行环境)中已经包含了。C#5.0中特别是针对异步编程比较大的变化策略,已经在反映在Experimental版中。


Assembly分类
Rx的Assembly按照如下功能划分。

程序集名 NuGet Package名(*1 功能
System.Reactive Rx-Main 基本Core API
System.Reactive.Windows.Forms Rx-WinForms WindowsForm中使用的 ControlScheduler类(*2)和扩展方法
System.Reactive.Windows.Threading Rx-WPF
Rx-Silverlight
WPF/Silverlight中使用的DispatcherScheduler类(*2)和扩展方法
System.Reactive.Providers Rx-Providers IQbservable接口和其他类库(*3
Microsoft.Reactive.Testing Rx-Testing UnitTest和Mockup
Rx的Assembly一览
Rx的Assembly文件、一般放在「C:\Program Files\Microsoft Reactive Extensions SDK」(32bit版),而64bit版则是放在「C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Reactive Extensions SDK」)
*1 一览中提到的Package是指Stable版,Experimental版的时候则带有「_Experimental」比如:「Rx_Experimental-Main」
*2 Scheduler 是基于Rx的时间和线程管理的类。ControlScheduler类是对于WinForm及控件进行BeginInvoke调用,DispatcherScheduler类是对Dispatcher进行BeginInvoke。
*3 「IQbservable」接口名取自「Queryable Observable」。表达式树可以生成一个 Observable 对象。IObservable 接口和 IQbservable 接口的关系就和 IEnumerable 接口和 IQueryable 接口关系相当。
作为Core必须引用 System.Reactive 程序集,除此之外可以按需添加引用,比如:如果要使用WPF,那么还要引用 System.Reactive.Windows.Threading。
Windows Phone 7 SDK 里集成的标准的 Rx 程序集则和上面说的有些不同:
程序集名 功能
System.Observable IObservable/IObserver接口
Microsoft.Phone.Reactive Core API和DispatcherScheduler类
Reactive Extensions (Rx) 入门(2)  安装 Reactive Extensio
Windows Phone 7 SDK的程序集一览
 Windows Phone 7 里也可以通过直接引用 Data Developer Center 里发布的程序集来使用 Rx,但是注意一下两者的区别,Data Developer Center 版是为了以后,API 有些是不同的。这些差异比如:命名空间不同,类名也有些不同,方法的参数列表也不同,有增加的方法也有删除的方法。总的来说,Data Developer Center 版应该提供了高性能和更强大功能的。
如果更加重视是否是使用标准程序集且不需要额外引用程序集,那么直接使用 Microsoft.Phone.Reactive;如果希望能在 WPF,Sliverlight 中移植,那么就选择 Data Developer Center 版本好了。

相关的库
Javascript 版本并不包含在Install 中,但可以从 Rx 主页最下方下载 ZIP 得到。库的主体是 Rx.js ,除此之外还有 jQuery 和 prototype.js。

命名空间分类
Rx 主要是以扩展方法为中心的,如果没有正确的使用 using/Import 导入命名空间则无法使用。下面例举主要的命名空间以及代表的功能和类。
名前空間 功能点
System

Subscribe订阅 IObservable 接口使用的Lambda表达式的扩展方法

System.Reactive

主要接口和一些基本类

System.Reactive.Concurrency 实现 IScheduler 接口的一些类
System.Reactive.Disposables 实现 IDisposable 接口的一些类
System.Reactive.Joins 利用 Observable.And/Observable.Then 方法进行Join操作的类
System.Reactive.Linq Rx 主要的命名空间,Observable 类和IObservable接口的一些扩展方法
System.Reactive.Subjects

实现 ISubject 接口(实现 Rx 语义的事件)的一些类

System.Reactive.Threading.Tasks

Task 相互转换的扩展方法

Reactive Extensions (Rx) 入门(2)  安装 Reactive Extensio

Rx 的命名空间和代表性的功能以及类


另外,Windows Phone 中,Microsoft.Phone.Reactive 程序集里的 Rx 全部在 Microsoft.Phone.Reactive 命名空间下。

【系列文章】
Reactive Extensions (Rx) 入门(1) —— Reactive Extensions 概要
Reactive Extensions (Rx) 入门(2) —— 安装 Reactive Extensions
Reactive Extensions (Rx) 入门(3) —— Rx的事件编程①
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