角色的确是一种很方便的权限集合组织方式,在很多系统中也是广泛应用。但是在Oracle中,使用角色权限role privilege是要外小心的,特别是进行数据库开发过程中。因为Oracle存储过程等结构对角色权限有剔除效应。 【实验】 //建立实验角色r_cat_role SQL crea
角色的确是一种很方便的权限集合组织方式,在很多系统中也是广泛应用。但是在Oracle中,使用角色权限role privilege是要格外小心的,特别是进行数据库开发过程中。因为Oracle存储过程等结构对角色权限有剔除效应。
【实验】
//建立实验角色r_cat_role
SQL> create role r_cat_role ;
Role created
//授予系统权限select any dictionary给实验角色,select any dictionary权限可以访问到Oracle的大部分元数据视图。
SQL> grant select any dictionaryto r_cat_role;
Grant succeeded
//创建用户
SQL> create user mytest identified by mytest;
User created
SQL> grant create session to mytest;
Grant succeeded
SQL> grant r_cat_role to mytest;
Grant succeeded
SQL> grant create procedure to mytest;
Grant succeeded
SQL> conn mytest/mytest@ora11g;
Connected to Oracle Database11gEnterpriseEdition Release11.2.0.1.0
Connected as mytest
SQL> select count(*) fromdba_objects;
COUNT(*)
----------
72282
dba_objects视图是元数据字典的一个组成部分。mytest用户在接受角色权限r_cat_role之后,具有了在SQL中直接使用的权限。下面我们构造存储过程如下:
SQL> create or replace procedure P_TEST_NC
2 is
3 n_res number;
4 begin
5 select count(*)
6 into n_res
7 from dba_objects;
8
9 dbms_output.put_line(to_char(n_res));
10 end P_TEST_NC;
11 /
Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors
SQL> select * from user_errors;
NAME TYPE SEQUENCE LINE POSITION TEXT ATTRIBUTE
---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- ---------
P_TEST_NC PROCEDURE 1 7 8 PL/SQL: ORA-00942:表或视图不存在 ERROR
P_TEST_NC PROCEDURE 2 5 3 PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored ERROR
编译报错,看起来不可思议。明明mytest用户具有dba_objects视图的访问权限,而且在SQL语句直接可以使用。我们说,就是因为访问dba_objects的权限是通过角色授予的。存储过程等Oracle代码结构具有一个特性,就是可以将用户的三层权限(role、system和object)中的role权限剥离掉。

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