由于工作的原因:上家公司的数据库全采用MySql,所以不得不用它。因此也学到了MySql的一些知识,但考虑到今后可能没机会使用了,所以想趁现在离职在家休息,打算把这些东西整理一下,也为了万一今后能用上,留个参考的资源。考虑到一直在使用SqlServer,所以
由于工作的原因:上家公司的数据库全采用MySql,所以不得不用它。因此也学到了MySql的一些知识,但考虑到今后可能没机会使用了,所以想趁现在离职在家休息,打算把这些东西整理一下,也为了万一今后能用上,留个参考的资源。考虑到一直在使用SqlServer,所以就打算直接与SqlServer对比来写。
本文将主要列出MySql与SqlServer不同的地方,且以常用的存储过程的相关内容为主。
1. 标识符限定符
SqlServer | [] |
MySql | `` |
2. 字符串相加
SqlServer | 直接用 + |
MySql | concat() |
3. isnull()
SqlServer | isnull() |
MySql | ifnull() 注意:MySql也有isnull()函数,但意义不一样 |
4. getdate()
SqlServer | getdate() |
MySql | now() |
5. newid()
SqlServer | newid() |
MySql | uuid() |
6. @@ROWCOUNT
SqlServer | @@ROWCOUNT |
MySql | row_count() 注意:MySql的这个函数仅对于update, insert, delete有效 |
7. SCOPE_IDENTITY()
SqlServer | SCOPE_IDENTITY() |
MySql | last_insert_id() |
8. if ... else ...
SqlServer |
IF Boolean_expression { sql_statement | statement_block } [ ELSE { sql_statement | statement_block } ] -- 若要定义语句块,请使用控制流关键字 BEGIN 和 END。 |
MySql |
IF search_condition THEN statement_list [ELSEIF search_condition THEN statement_list] ... [ELSE statement_list] END IF |
注意:对于MySql来说,then, end if是必须的。类似的还有其它的流程控制语句,这里就不一一列出。
9. declare
其实,SqlServer和MySql都有这个语句,用于定义变量,但差别在于:在MySql中,DECLARE仅被用在BEGIN ... END复合语句里,并且必须在复合语句的开头,在任何其它语句之前。这个要求在写游标时,会感觉很BT.
10. 游标的写法
SqlServer |
declare @tempShoppingCart table (ProductId int, Quantity int) insert into @tempShoppingCart (ProductId, Quantity) select ProductId, Quantity from ShoppingCart where UserGuid = @UserGuid declare @productId int declare @quantity int declare tempCartCursor cursor for select ProductId, Quantity from @tempShoppingCart open tempCartCursor fetch next from tempCartCursor into @productId, @quantity while @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 begin update Product set SellCount = SellCount + @quantity where productId = @productId fetch next from tempCartCursor into @productId, @quantity end close tempCartCursor deallocate tempCartCursor |
MySql |
declare m_done int default 0; declare m_divId int; declare m_newsId int; declare _cursor_SN cursor for select divid, newsid from _temp_SN; declare continue handler for not found set m_done = 1; create temporary table _temp_SN select divid, newsid from divNews group by divid, newsid having count(*) > 1; open _cursor_SN; while( m_done = 0 ) do fetch _cursor_SN into m_divId, m_newsId; if( m_done = 0 ) then -- 具体的处理逻辑 end if; end while; close _cursor_SN; drop table _temp_SN; |
注意:为了提高性能,通常在表变量上打开游标,不要直接在数据表上打开游标。
11. 分页的处理
SqlServer |
create procedure GetProductByCategoryId( @CategoryID int, @PageIndex int = 0, @PageSize int = 20, @TotalRecords int output ) as begin declare @ResultTable table ( RowIndex int, ProductID int, ProductName nvarchar(50), CategoryID int, Unit nvarchar(10), UnitPrice money, Quantity int ); insert into @ResultTable select row_number() over (order by ProductID asc) as RowIndex, p.ProductID, p.ProductName, p.CategoryID, p.Unit, p.UnitPrice, p.Quantity from Products as p where CategoryID = @CategoryID; select @TotalRecords = count(*) from @ResultTable; select * from @ResultTable where RowIndex > (@PageSize * @PageIndex) and RowIndex <p>当然,SqlServer中并不只有这一种写法,只是这种写法是比较常见而已。</p> |
MySql |
create procedure GetProductsByCategoryId( in _categoryId int, in _pageIndex int, in _pageSize int, out _totalRecCount int ) begin set @categoryId = _categoryId; set @startRow = _pageIndex * _pageSize; set @pageSize = _pageSize; prepare PageSql from 'select sql_calc_found_rows * from product where categoryId = ? order by ProductId desc limit ?, ?'; execute PageSql using @categoryId, @startRow, @pageSize; deallocate prepare PageSql; set _totalRecCount = found_rows(); end |
MySql与SqlServer的差别实在太多,以上只是列出了我认为经常在写存储过程中会遇到的一些具体的差别之处。
去年我将一些MySql的常用函数作了一番整理,如需要请点击此处下载。

ACID attributes include atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability, and are the cornerstone of database design. 1. Atomicity ensures that the transaction is either completely successful or completely failed. 2. Consistency ensures that the database remains consistent before and after a transaction. 3. Isolation ensures that transactions do not interfere with each other. 4. Persistence ensures that data is permanently saved after transaction submission.

MySQL is not only a database management system (DBMS) but also closely related to programming languages. 1) As a DBMS, MySQL is used to store, organize and retrieve data, and optimizing indexes can improve query performance. 2) Combining SQL with programming languages, embedded in Python, using ORM tools such as SQLAlchemy can simplify operations. 3) Performance optimization includes indexing, querying, caching, library and table division and transaction management.

MySQL uses SQL commands to manage data. 1. Basic commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN, subquery and aggregate functions. 3. Common errors include syntax, logic and performance issues. 4. Optimization tips include using indexes, avoiding SELECT* and using LIMIT.

MySQL is an efficient relational database management system suitable for storing and managing data. Its advantages include high-performance queries, flexible transaction processing and rich data types. In practical applications, MySQL is often used in e-commerce platforms, social networks and content management systems, but attention should be paid to performance optimization, data security and scalability.

The relationship between SQL and MySQL is the relationship between standard languages and specific implementations. 1.SQL is a standard language used to manage and operate relational databases, allowing data addition, deletion, modification and query. 2.MySQL is a specific database management system that uses SQL as its operating language and provides efficient data storage and management.

InnoDB uses redologs and undologs to ensure data consistency and reliability. 1.redologs record data page modification to ensure crash recovery and transaction persistence. 2.undologs records the original data value and supports transaction rollback and MVCC.

Key metrics for EXPLAIN commands include type, key, rows, and Extra. 1) The type reflects the access type of the query. The higher the value, the higher the efficiency, such as const is better than ALL. 2) The key displays the index used, and NULL indicates no index. 3) rows estimates the number of scanned rows, affecting query performance. 4) Extra provides additional information, such as Usingfilesort prompts that it needs to be optimized.

Usingtemporary indicates that the need to create temporary tables in MySQL queries, which are commonly found in ORDERBY using DISTINCT, GROUPBY, or non-indexed columns. You can avoid the occurrence of indexes and rewrite queries and improve query performance. Specifically, when Usingtemporary appears in EXPLAIN output, it means that MySQL needs to create temporary tables to handle queries. This usually occurs when: 1) deduplication or grouping when using DISTINCT or GROUPBY; 2) sort when ORDERBY contains non-index columns; 3) use complex subquery or join operations. Optimization methods include: 1) ORDERBY and GROUPB


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