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达梦(4)脱机备份恢复

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Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:23 PM

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达梦的脱机备份按理说应当很简单，可事实是消耗了我大把的时间。唉。国产的软件公司是不是都很缺钱，缺人？没人更新文档或在论坛上之类做些例子，不做好推广，没人用怎么做得起市场来？不过唯一值得称道的是他们的客户QQ群还是很给力的。我周日弄的，遇到

达梦的脱机备份按理说应当很简单，可事实是消耗了我大把的时间。唉。国产的软件公司是不是都很缺钱，缺人？
没人更新文档或在论坛上之类做些例子，不做好推广，没人用怎么做得起市场来？
不过唯一值得称道的是他们的客户QQ群还是很给力的。我周日弄的，遇到问题提了下问题，马上有人回答。

其实达梦脱机备份设计的很简单，在文档>这份pdf档的275页。它举了个例子.
DMBACKUP TYPE=FULL INI_PATH=c:\dmdata\dameng\dm.ini NAME=test

你按它说的步骤，
1.停掉服务，
Windows下: DM服务查看器 -> 停掉对应实例服务就行了
Linux下: 停掉./dmserver 就行了。

2.执行备份
DMBACKUP INI_PATH=C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\dm.ini NAME=DMSERVER
第一次可以成功，
但第二次执行就会报错。你重启服务，再停掉再试，也会一样。
原因是参数"NAME"实际上相当于Oracle RMAN中的备份集名称。达梦数据库把这个当作
一个备份集的唯一标识。所以当你第二次执行时，数据库会认为这个备份名已存在。
而我误认为这个name是数据库名字。
好吧，我承认是我理解有误，但第二个问题就不关我事了。

我尝试用"BAKFILE_PATH"参数，将备份放到指定的一个文件中。
命令如下:
DMBACKUP INI_PATH=C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\dm.ini NAME=DMSERVER8 BAKFILE_PATH='c:\dmtest\xcl.bak';

结果老是报"-8018"错误
C:\dmdbms\bin>DMBACKUP INI_PATH=C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\dm.ini NAME=DMSERVER8 BAKFILE_PATH='c:\dmtest\xcl.bak';
backup V7.1.2.215-Build(2013.11.08-36626trunc)
Global parameter value of HA_OTHER_INST_PORT is illegal, use max value!
无效的备份路径名, backup error code : -8018
backup time used: 2967.504(ms)

解决方法是:
将NAME参数放在BAKFILE_PATH后面。
C:\dmdbms\bin\dmbackup.exe INI_PATH=C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\dm.ini BAKFILE_PATH=C:\dmtest\xcl.bak NAME=DMSERVER8
这个问题因为我一直在怀疑BAKFILE_PATH参数是不是输入得不对，尝试了很多种方法。文档和网上也没查到相关的说明。最后还是达梦客户群
的人解答的。据说是因为代码更新很快，定制化也多，做不来过，所以文档更新不即时造成的。虽无语，不过也感觉到国产数据库日子过得不错啊。单子这

么多，据说已卖到国外了。

		C:\Users\XCL>C:\dmdbms\bin\dmbackup.exe INI_PATH=C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\dm.ini BAKFILE_PATH=C:\dmtest\xcl.bak NAME=DMSERVER8
		backup V7.1.2.215-Build(2013.11.08-36626trunc)
		Global parameter value of HA_OTHER_INST_PORT is illegal, use max value!
		start backup tablespace: SYSTEM.
		start backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\SYSTEM.DBF, pages: 1280
		end backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\SYSTEM.DBF

		end backup tablespace: SYSTEM.

		start backup tablespace: ROLL.
		start backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\ROLL.DBF, pages: 0
		end backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\ROLL.DBF

		end backup tablespace: ROLL.

		start backup tablespace: MAIN.
		start backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\MAIN.DBF, pages: 0
		end backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\MAIN.DBF

		end backup tablespace: MAIN.

		start backup tablespace: BOOKSHOP.
		start backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\BOOKSHOP.DBF, pages: 0
		end backup file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\BOOKSHOP.DBF

		end backup tablespace: BOOKSHOP.

		backup fun end time used: 1928.889(ms)
		backup successfully!
		backup time used: 3797.014(ms)

		C:\Users\XCL>

恢复

首先看参数:

C:\Users\XCL>C:\dmdbms\bin\dmrestore.exe help
格式: DMRESTORE KEYWORD=value 或 KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,valueN)

例程: DMRESTORE INI_PATH=c:\dm7data\dameng\dm.ini FILE=c:\dm7data\backup\test.bak

必选参数: FILE

关键字说明（默认）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INI_PATH 服务器的ini文件路径
FILE 备份文件
MAPPED_FIL 当指定res_type为4时，输出备份文件的映射信息到该文件
TIME 恢复到的时间点
ARCHIVE_DIR 备份时的归档目录格式 (dir1,dir2,dir3,...)
BACKUP_DIR 备份文件存放路径,用于搜索备份文件格式 (dir1,dir2,dir3,...)
DATAFIL_PATH 恢复时指定文件路径 (id1,path1,id2,path2,id3,path3,...)
MIRROR_PATH 恢复时指定镜像文件路径 (id1,path1,id2,path2,id3,path3,...)
PARALLEL_DIR 并行映射文件所在的完整目录名
RES_TYPE 还原类型(0,1,2,3,4) 0:备份文件还原，1:备份文件显示，2:归档文件还原，3:单步增量还原，4:输出备份映射文件。
END_LSN 还原到指定的LSN
LOG 还原的日志输出文件
HELP 打印帮助信息

然后，发现要保留下面文件，然后运行恢复命令才能恢复出来，否则老是提示少文件，这个和Oracle之类还真不一样。
就是说能删的只有 BOOKSHOP.DBF DAMENG目录 trace目录 arch目录
这有啥用？

删得只剩下这些文件，少一个恢复时都会报错，文档没解释，真不解

C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG>dir
 驱动器 C 中的卷是 OS
 卷的序列号是 C8C0-48C4

 C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG 的目录

2014/01/07  16:43    <DIR>          .
2014/01/07  16:43    <DIR>          ..
2014/01/07  16:01        67,108,864 DAMENG01.log
2014/01/07  16:01        67,108,864 DAMENG02.log
2014/01/03  10:51             5,632 dm.ctl
2014/01/03  15:02            22,214 dm.ini
2014/01/04  10:48               127 dmarch.ini
2014/01/03  10:50               633 dm_service.prikey
2014/01/07  16:01        10,485,760 SYSTEM.DBF
               7 个文件    144,732,094 字节
               2 个目录 65,555,996,672 可用字节

执行恢复

C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG>C:\dmdbms\bin\dmrestore.exe  INI_PATH=C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\dm.ini  file=C:\dmtest\dmcold.bak
restore V7.1.2.215-Build(2013.11.08-36626trunc)
Global parameter value of HA_OTHER_INST_PORT is illegal, use max value!

backup DMSERVER10 info:
backup sig:            BA
backup tool version:   12595
backup db name:        DAMENG
backup db magic:       1388717456
backup name:           DMSERVER10
backup type:           full
backup level:          offline
backup range:          database
backup description:
compressed level:      0
rac node:              0
page check:            0
length in char:        0
backup time:           2014-01-07 14:34:20
page size:             8 KB
extent size:           16
case sensitive:        1
log page size:         512 B
unicode flag:          0
data version:          0x70008
sys version:           V7.1.2.215-Build(2013.11.08-36626trunc)
enable policy:         0
parallel type:         0
parallel info len:     0
backup db fil num:     4
archive flag:          1
after backup LSN:      25337

file_seq   file_path                                                size(KB)
1          C:\dmtest\dmcold.bak                                     16384

file_seq   file_path                         mirror_path
1          C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\SYSTEM.DBF
2          C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\ROLL.DBF
3          C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\MAIN.DBF
4          C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\BOOKSHOP.DBF

Continue?[Y/N]:y
restore bak_file: C:\dmtest\dmcold.bak ...
start restore database...
start restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\SYSTEM.DBF(SYSTEM), pages: 278
end restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\SYSTEM.DBF(SYSTEM)
start restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\ROLL.DBF(ROLL), pages: 617
end restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\ROLL.DBF(ROLL)
start restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\MAIN.DBF(MAIN), pages: 4
end restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\MAIN.DBF(MAIN)
start restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\BOOKSHOP.DBF(BOOKSHOP), pages: 133
end restore file: C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG\BOOKSHOP.DBF(BOOKSHOP)
end restore database data files.

restore finished, code = 0!

restore successfully!
restore time used: 3654.514(ms)

恢复成功后

C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG>dir
 驱动器 C 中的卷是 OS
 卷的序列号是 C8C0-48C4

 C:\dmdbms\data\DAMENG 的目录

2014/01/07  16:44    <DIR>          .
2014/01/07  16:44    <DIR>          ..
2014/01/07  16:44       157,286,400 BOOKSHOP.DBF
2014/01/07  16:44        67,108,864 DAMENG01.log
2014/01/07  16:44        67,108,864 DAMENG02.log
2014/01/07  16:44             5,632 dm.ctl
2014/01/07  16:44            22,214 dm.ini
2014/01/04  10:48               127 dmarch.ini
2014/01/07  16:44               156 dminst.sys
2014/01/07  16:44             2,131 dmrestore.log
2014/01/07  16:44               633 dm_service.prikey
2014/01/07  16:44       134,217,728 MAIN.DBF
2014/01/07  16:44       134,217,728 ROLL.DBF
2014/01/07  16:44        10,485,760 SYSTEM.DBF
2014/01/07  16:44        10,485,760 TEMP.DBF
              13 个文件    580,941,997 字节
               2 个目录 65,117,458,432 可用字节

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