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word2vec实践及对关键词聚类

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:17 PM
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在搜索领域query的处理变得越来越重要,其中分类就是很重要的一环,对query分类是比较难的工程,因为query普遍较短,含有的信息(熵)很少,所以很难进行分类,普遍的方法是对query进行扩展,例如抓取搜索引擎的结果,或是直接将query扩展到对应的doc,然后

   在搜索领域query的处理变得越来越重要,其中分类就是很重要的一环,对query分类是比较难的工程,因为query普遍较短,含有的信息(熵)很少,所以很难进行分类,普遍的方法是对query进行扩展,例如抓取搜索引擎的结果,或是直接将query扩展到对应的doc,然后对doc进行分类,对doc分类就变得容易了,而且准确率比较高,最近看到word2vec很火,使用的是无监督的机器学习,也就是不需要标注数据,于是就研究了一下,看是否可以使用结果用于query分类扩展。

where is word2vec?

https://code.google.com/p/word2vec/

可以在上面下载具体的代码进行编译,生成相关的分析工具,上面的C代码写的有些“抽象”,以下有C++版本,看起来比较直观

https://github.com/jdeng/word2vec

训练语料获取

可以在搜狗试验室中获取一些新闻数据,尽管比较老但是将就着用,其实感觉微博的数据会好些,一是数据量大,二是信息含量比较高(新鲜东西比较多),新闻的语料可以在

http://www.sogou.com/labs/dl/ca.html 上获取,只要简单的注册一下就可以,在windows下下载还是比较麻烦的,需要用ftp工具,实际上可以用windows自带的ftp.exe就可以下载。

word2vec实践及对关键词聚类


1、在cmd窗口下执行 ftp ftp.labs.sogou.com

2、输入注册生成的用户名

3、输入注册生成的密码,然后就可以连接到ftp上

4、cd到对应的目录,执行dir或ls就可以看到具体的文件

5、get news_tensite_xml.full.tar.gz 就可以下载文件到个人文档目录了

处理语料及分词

语料是xml结构的,需要将新闻内容清洗出来

cat news_tensite_xml.dat | iconv -f gbk -t utf-8 -c | grep "<content>" | sed 's\<content>\\' | sed 's\</content>\\' > news.txt</content>

这样就可以将新闻内容清洗出来,一行一篇文章,接下来就对对语料进行分词了,找了一些开源的分词,java版本的有些比较难用,有时莫名其妙的乱码问题就要折腾半天,这里就是用了中科院的分词ICTCLAS,C++版本的,在linux下运行比较简单,我已经写好了分词的程序,放到CSDN上,需要的可以直接下载,包括库,分词词典,还有二进制程序,分词工具,点此进入下载。ICTCLAS分词器相关资料可以查看http://hi.baidu.com/drkevinzhang/


        语料总计有1143394篇文章,分词后数据文件有2.2G,分词后的情况如下:

word2vec实践及对关键词聚类


运行word2vec进行分析

./word2vec -train out.txt -output vectors.bin -cbow 0 -size 200 -window 5 -negative 0 -hs 1 -sample 1e-3 -threads 12 -binary 1

word2vec实践及对关键词聚类

这个过程可能需要一段时间的等待,运行完成后,会生成vectors.bin文件,接着就可以利用提供的余弦计算工具查看关键词的相关词了

执行./distance vectors.bin 然后输入想看的查询词就可以看到效果了。

word2vec实践及对关键词聚类


word2vec实践及对关键词聚类


word2vec实践及对关键词聚类


可以看到针对实体名称,分析的结果还是很靠谱的,如果针对语料做些预处理相信结果会更好。

可以通过

./word2vec -train out.txt -output classes.txt -cbow 0 -size 200 -window 5 -negative 0 -hs 1 -sample 1e-3 -threads 12 -classes 500

对分析结果进行聚类用于query方面的分类,结果如下:

word2vec实践及对关键词聚类

将单词去除后,结果还是比较可观的。


参考:

http://blog.csdn.net/zhaoxinfan/article/details/11069485

https://code.google.com/p/word2vec/




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