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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialACCESS中使用SQL语句

以下SQL语句在ACCESS XP的查询中测试通过 建表: Create Table Tab1 ( ID Counter, Name string, Age integer, [Date] DateTime); 技巧: 自增字段用 Counter 声明. 字段名为关键字的字段用方括号[]括起来,数字作为字段名也可行. 建立索引: 下面的语句在Tab1的D

以下SQL语句在ACCESS XP的查询中测试通过

建表:

Create Table Tab1 (

ID Counter,

Name string,

Age integer,

[Date] DateTime);

技巧:

自增字段用 Counter 声明.

字段名为关键字的字段用方括号[]括起来,数字作为字段名也可行.

建立索引:

下面的语句在Tab1的Date列上建立可重复索引

Create Index iDate ON Tab1 ([Date]);

完成后ACCESS中字段Date索引属性显示为 - 有(有重复).

下面的语句在Tab1的Name列上建立不可重复索引

Create Unique Index iName ON Tab1 (Name);

完成后ACCESS中字段Name索引属性显示为 - 有(无重复).

下面的语句删除刚才建立的两个索引

Drop Index iDate ON Tab1;

Drop Index iName ON Tab1;

ACCESS与SQLSERVER中的UPDATE语句对比:

SQLSERVER中更新多表的UPDATE语句:

UPDATE Tab1

SET a.Name = b.Name

FROM Tab1 a,Tab2 b

WHERE a.ID = b.ID;

同样功能的SQL语句在ACCESS中应该是

UPDATE Tab1 a,Tab2 b

SET a.Name = b.Name

WHERE a.ID = b.ID;

即:ACCESS中的UPDATE语句没有FROM子句,所有引用的表都列在UPDATE关键字后.

上例中如果Tab2可以不是一个表,而是一个查询,例:

UPDATE Tab1 a,(Select ID,Name From Tab2) b

SET a.Name = b.Name

WHERE a.ID = b.ID;

访问多个不同的ACCESS数据库-在SQL中使用In子句:

Select a.*,b.* From Tab1 a,Tab2 b In 'db2.mdb' Where a.ID=b.ID;

上面的SQL语句查询出当前数据库中Tab1和db2.mdb(当前文件夹中)中Tab2以ID为关联的所有记录.

缺点-外部数据库不能带密码.

在ACCESS中访问其它ODBC数据源

下例在ACCESS中查询SQLSERVER中的数据

SELECT * FROM Tab1 IN [ODBC]

[ODBC;Driver=SQL Server;UID=sa;PWD=;Server=127.0.0.1;DataBase=Demo;]

外部数据源连接属性的完整参数是:

[ODBC;DRIVER=driver;SERVER=server;DATABASE=database;UID=user;PWD=pass(word);]

其中的DRIVER=driver可以在注册表中的

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREODBCODBCINST.INI

中找到

ACCESS支持子查询

ACCESS支持外连接,但不包括完整外部联接,如支持

LEFT JOIN 或 RIGHT JOIN

但不支持

FULL OUTER JOIN 或 FULL JOIN

ACCESS中的日期查询

注意:ACCESS中的日期时间分隔符是#而不是引号

Select * From Tab1 Where [Date]>#2002-1-1#;

在DELPHI中我这样用

SQL.Add(Format(

'Select * From Tab1 Where [Date]>#%s#;',

[DateToStr(Date)]));

ACCESS中的字符串可以用双引号分隔,但SQLSERVER不认,所以为了迁移方便和兼容,

建议用单引号作为字符串分隔符.
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