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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial利用XtraBackupp实现不停master服务做主从同步

innobackupex在后台线程不断追踪InnoDB的日志文件,然后复制InnoDB的数据文件。数据文件复制完成之后,日志的复制线程也会结束。

MySQL主从同步原理:

MySQL主从同步是在MySQL主从复制(Master-Slave Replication)基础上实现的,通过设置在Master MySQL上的binlog(使其处于打开状态),Slave MySQL上通过一个I/O线程从Master MySQL上读取binlog,然后传输到Slave MySQL的中继日志中,然后Slave MySQL的SQL线程从中继日志中读取中继日志,然后应用到Slave MySQL的数据库中。这样实现了主从数据同步功能。

XtraBackup备份原理:

innobackupex在后台线程不断追踪InnoDB的日志文件,然后复制InnoDB的数据文件。数据文件复制完成之后,日志的复制线程也会结束。这样就得到了不在同一时间点的数据副本和开始备份以后的事务日志。完成上面的步骤之后,就可以使用InnoDB崩溃恢复代码执行事务日志(redo log),以达到数据的一致性。

备份分为两个过程:

  • backup,备份阶段,追踪事务日志和复制数据文件(物理备份)。
  • preparing,重放事务日志,使所有的数据处于同一个时间点,达到一致性状态。
  • XtraBackup的优点:

    一.xtrabackup安装:

    yum -y install perl perl-devel libaio libaio-devel perl-Time-HiRes perl-DBD-MySQL

    rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.2.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

    软件下载地址:https://www.percona.com/software/mysql-database/percona-xtrabackup

    二.核对mysql的版本:

    利用xtrabackup做全备和恢复的,Mysql的版本最好一致!

    检查mysql版本:

     /webser/mysql55/bin/mysql -V

    /webser/mysql55/bin/mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.21, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1

    三.在master服务器上在线备份数据库:

    innobackupex --defaults-file=/webser/mysql55/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=xxxx  /tmp/backup/

    PS:/tmp/backup/ 为备份目录;

    然后通过scp方式把master上

    四.slave机器上操作;

    1)关闭mysql服务;

    然后清空mysql数据目录下文件,例如本机mysql的数据目录是:/webser/mysql55/var/

    2)开始恢复数据

    假设备份文件的路径在:/webser/2015-08-12_13-54-56

    恢复日志文件:

    innobackupex --defaults-file=/webser/mysql55/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=xxxx --apply-log /tmp/backup/2015-08-12_13-49-32/

    恢复数据文件:

    innobackupex --defaults-file=/webser/mysql55/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=xxxx --copy-back /tmp/backup/2015-08-12_13-49-32/

    以上操作,请务必按照顺序执行,操作顺序颠倒,会引起mysql服务器启动不了!

    3)修改数据目录权限:

    chown -R mysql:mysql /webser/mysql55/var 

    4)安全方式启动mysql,查看是否有异常;

    /webser/mysql55/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/webser/mysql55/etc/my.cnf &

    如果没有异常报错,就关闭mysql

     /webser/mysql55/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown

    5)查看binlog日志文件的位置值,做主从同步:

    cat /tmp/backup/2015-08-12_13-49-32/xtrabackup_binlog_info

    wwwmaster.000458    1022022953

    6)在slave机器上做主从相关操作:

    CHANGE MASTER TO

    MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.xxx',

    MASTER_USER='rep',

    MASTER_PASSWORD='xxxxxx',

    MASTER_PORT=3306,

    MASTER_LOG_FILE='wwwmaster.000458',

    MASTER_LOG_POS=1022022953;

    启动主从同步:

    start slave;

    查看slave状态:

    利用XtraBackupp实现不停master服务做主从同步

    MySQL管理之使用XtraBackup进行热备

    MySQL开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署

    MySQL Xtrabackup备份和恢复

    用XtraBackup实现MySQL的主从复制快速部署【主不锁表】

    安装和使用 Percona 推出的 Xtrabackup 备份 MySQL

    XtraBackup 的详细介绍:请点这里
    XtraBackup 的下载地址:请点这里

    本文永久更新链接地址

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