问:SQL Server 2005中设计表时和在SQL Server Management Studio Express中如何得到 自动 编号字段? 答:具体步骤如下: ①像Access中的 自动 编号字段 右键你的表--设计表--找到你的id字段(类int型)--标识--是--标识种子(初始值)--标识递增量--OK ②用I
问:SQL Server 2005中设计表时和在SQL Server Management Studio Express中如何得到自动编号字段?
答:具体步骤如下:
①像Access中的自动编号字段
右键你的表-->设计表-->找到你的id字段(类int型)-->标识-->是-->标识种子(初始值)-->标识递增量-->OK
②用IDENTITY (SEED,INCREMENT)参数
seed -启始值
increment -增量
CREATE TABLE 表名(
你的ID IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,你的其他字段... )
CREATE TABLE 表名(
你的字段ID AUTOINCREMENT(1000,10),其他字段... )
③修改起始值和步进值
ALTER TABLE 表名 ALTER COLUMN 你的字段ID COUNTER(2000,50)
④让一个删空的表自动增加字段的开始值重新从1开始
ALTER TABLE 表名 ALTER COLUMN 你的字段ID COUNTER(1,1)
上述3 4只适用与Access,COUNTER为其一种数据类型,可以在Access中指定一不是自动编号的字段为自动编号字段,也可以让一自动编号字段重新从 指定值按指定步长自动编号。但是如果表中有数据,用户不能用该语句来将该列的数据类型改变为COUNTER 数据类型。对于SQL Server并不支持。
对于SQL Server我们或许总希望用Alter Table 表名 Alter Column 你的字段 IDENTITY(1,1)
来指定字段重新从1开始计数,但是这句话本身是错误的,好长时间我也疑惑为什么这句话不能执行。如果我们看看MS 对Alter Table语句的定义就清楚了,这句话根本是错误的。下面是MS对Alter Table语句的定义。
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ALTER TABLE table { [ ALTER COLUMN column_name { new_data_type [ ( precision [ , scale ] ) ] [ COLLATE < collation_name > ] [ NULL | NOT NULL ] | {ADD | DROP } ROWGUIDCOL } ] | ADD { [ < column_definition > ] | column_name AS computed_column_expression } [ ,n ] | [ WITH CHECK | WITH NOCHECK ] ADD { < table_constraint > } [ ,n ] | DROP { [ CONSTRAINT ] constraint_name | COLUMN column } [ ,n ] | { CHECK | NOCHECK } CONSTRAINT { ALL | constraint_name [ ,n ] } | { ENABLE | DISABLE } TRIGGER { ALL | trigger_name [ ,n ] } } < column_definition > ::= { column_name data_type } [ [ DEFAULT constant_expression ] [ WITH VALUES ] | [ IDENTITY [ ( seed , increment ) [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ] ] ] [ ROWGUIDCOL ] [ COLLATE < collation_name > ] [ < column_constraint > ] [ n ] < column_constraint > ::= [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] { [ NULL | NOT NULL ] | [ { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE } [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] [ WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor ] [ ON { filegroup | DEFAULT } ] ] | [ [ FOREIGN KEY ] REFERENCES ref_table [ ( ref_column ) ] [ ON DELETE { CASCADE | NO ACTION } ] [ ON UPDATE { CASCADE | NO ACTION } ] [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ] | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( logical_expression ) } < table_constraint > ::= [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] { [ { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE } [ CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED ] { ( column [ ,n ] ) } [ WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor ] [ ON { filegroup | DEFAULT } ] ] | FOREIGN KEY [ ( column [ ,n ] ) ] REFERENCES ref_table [ ( ref_column [ ,n ] ) ] [ ON DELETE { CASCADE | NO ACTION } ] [ ON UPDATE { CASCADE | NO ACTION } ] [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] | DEFAULT constant_expression [ FOR column ] [ WITH VALUES ] | CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION ] ( search_conditions ) }
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可以看到,IDENTITY只是在中,也就是说,我们可以这样使用
Alter Table 表名 Add 字段名 Int IDENTITY(1,1)
即,我们可以增加一个字段并指定它为自动编号字段。但是不能更改一个字段为自动编号字段(也或许我没找到方法)。即,如果我们想给表增加自动编号字段,只能使用添加字段的方法,而不能更改一个已有的字段为自动编号字段。
至于如果需要更改自动编号字段计数起始值可以使用DBCC命令:
DBCC CHECKIDENT (表名,RESEED,100)
自动编号字段下一个从101开始计。
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