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欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 oracle中常用的数据字典浅析 数据字典的简单分类: 按照前缀来说,数据字典分别为USER,ALL和DBA.其中,USER_*是关于用户所拥有的对象信息;ALL_*是有关用户可以访问的对象信息;DBA_*是有关整个数据库

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  oracle中常用的数据字典浅析

  数据字典的简单分类:

  按照前缀来说,数据字典分别为USER,ALL和DBA.其中,USER_*是关于用户所拥有的对象信息;ALL_*是有关用户可以访问的对象信息;DBA_*是有关整个数据库对象的信息。

  按照范围大小来说:DBA_*包含ALL_*包含USER_*

  它们的区别,我们可以使用desc user_objects,desc all_objects,desc dba_objects来比较。

  1.与数据表有关的:

  (1)user_tables视图:select table_name from user_tables;//查询当前用户下有多少表

  (2)user_catalog视图:select table_name from user_catalog;//该视图比user_tables视图简单

  2.与数据库有关的:

  (1)v$database视图: select name,created,log_mode,open_mode from v$database;查询数据库的库名,创建时间,归档状态,数据库的读写状态

  (2)v$instance视图:SQL> select host_name,instance_name,version from v$instance;查询系统的主机名,实例名,和数据库版本

  (3)v$version视图: select * from v$version;查询数据库版本的详细信息

  3.与控制文件有关的

  (1)v$controlefile:select name from v$controlfile;查询控制文件的路径

  4.与日志有关

  (1)v$log:select group#,members,bytes,status,archived from v$log;查询重做日志的组号,成员个数,文件大小,状态,是否归档

  (2)v$logfile:select group#,status,type,member from v$logfile;查询日志文件的组号,状态,类型,文件类型

  5.与表空间有关的

  (1)dba_tablespaces:select tablespace_name,block_size,status,contents,logging from dba_tablespaces;查询数据库所有表空间的空间名,块大小,状态,类型,是否写入日志。

  (2)dba_data_files:select tablespace_name,status,bytes,file_name from dba_data_files;查询表空间的名称,状态,大小和文件名

  (3)database_properties: select * from database_properties where property_name like 'DEFAULT%';查询数据库默认临时表空间,默认永久表空间。

  (4)v$datafile:select name,status from v$datafile where name like '%jinlian%';查看数据文件的状态(是否在线)

  6.与用户有关的

  (1)dba_users: select username from dba_users;查询数据库中有多少用户

  (2)tab:select tname,tabtype from tab;查询当前用户下的对象和对象类型。

  7.v$parameter视图:

  这个视图一般用于查询一些文件的路径。例如:

  select value from v$parameter where name='control_files';

  8.与锁有关的视图:

  v$lock:select sid,type from v$lock where block=1;查询当前正在阻塞的锁的事务的sid以及锁类型.

  9.与undo 段有关的

  (1)show parameter undo:显示undo信息

  (2)dba_segments:select segment_name,tablespace_name,bytes from dba_segments

  where segment_type='ROLLBACK'

  查询段类型为ROLLBACK的段名,表空间名,字节大小

  (3)select segment_name,tablespace_name,bytes from dba_segments

  where segment_type='TYPE2 UNDO'

  查询回滚表空间中回滚段的信息

  (4)v$rollname: select usn,name from v$rollname;查询所有的回滚段名及序号

  (5)v$rollstat:select a.usn,a.name,b.extents,b.status from v$rollname a,v$rollstat b where a.usn=b.usn

  查询回滚段的详细信息

  (6)dba_undo_extents:select tablespace_name,status,sum(bytes)/1024/1024 from dba_undo_extents

  group by tablespace_name,status

  查询undo表空间中过期数据和没有过期数据的信息。

oracle中常用的数据字典浅析

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