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jdbc mysql 中文乱码的解决方法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:02 PM
jdbcmysqlChineseGarbled charactersmethodsolvepass

通过jdbc 连接mysql 数据库的实例,以及中文乱码的解决方法: import java.sql.*;/** * 使用JDBC连接数据库MySQL的过程: * DataBase: db_test * tables: tab_test; * username: user_test; * passwd: passwd_test; * * @author zhongbo.wzb@alibaba-inc.com

通过jdbc 连接mysql 数据库的实例,以及中文乱码的解决方法:

import java.sql.*;

/**
 * 使用JDBC连接数据库MySQL的过程:
 * DataBase: db_test
 * tables:   tab_test;
 * username: user_test;
 * passwd:   passwd_test;
 *
 * @author  zhongbo.wzb@alibaba-inc.com
 */
public class DBTest {

  public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
    // 第一步:加载MySQL的JDBC的驱动
    Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

    //取得连接的url,能访问MySQL数据库的用户名:user_test;密码:passwd_test, 数据库名: db_test
    String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
    String username = "user_test";
    String password = "passwd_test";

    // 第二步:创建与MySQL数据库的连接类的实例
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
    return conn;
  }

  public static void main(String args[]) {
    System.out.println("args num: " + args.length);
    for (int i = 0; i 

<p><span>不</span><span><span>过,官方文档还说,"要想覆盖客户端上的自动检测编码功能,可在用于连接到服务器的URL中使用“characterEncoding”属性。" </span></span><br>
</p>
<p><span><span><br>
</span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>解决方法二: </span><br>
<br>
<span>连接mysql时(无论在从mysql读还是取数据的情况),指定使用的编码方式为utf-8,具体代码如下 </span><br>
<br>
<span>//装载mysql-jdbc驱动 </span><br>
<br>
<span>Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); </span><br>
<br>
<span>//连接数据库 </span><br>
<br>
<span>Connection sqlCon = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?                         user=root&password=1&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"
 ); </span><br>
</span></span></p>
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<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><span>charset 和 collation 有多个级别的设置:服务器级、数据库级、表级、列级和连接级</span><br>
<br>
<span>1.服务器级 </span><br>
<span>  查看设置:show global variables like 'character_set_server'; 和 show global variables like 'collation_server';</span><br>
<span>  修改设置:在OPTION FILE (/etc/mysql/my.cnf)里设置: </span><br>
<span>   [mysqld] </span><br>
<span>    character_set_server=utf8 </span><br>
<span>    collation_server=utf8_general_ci </span><br>
<br>
<span>2. 数据库级 </span><br>
<span>   查看设置:select * from information_schema.schemata where schema_name = 'cookbook';</span><br>
<span>   设置: </span><br>
<span>     1.若没有显式设置,则自动使用服务器级的配置 </span><br>
<span>     2.显式设置:在创建库时指定 </span><br>
<span>       create database playUtf8  DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci;</span><br>
<br>
<span>3.表级 </span><br>
<span>   查看设置:show create table course; </span><br>
<span>   设置: </span><br>
<span>     1.若没有显式设置,则自动使用数据库级的配置 </span><br>
<span>     2.显式设置:在创建表时指定 </span><br>
<span>       create table utf ( id int ) default charset=utf8 default collate=utf8_bin;</span><br>
<br>
<span>4.列级 </span><br>
<span>   查看设置:show create table course; </span><br>
<span>   设置: </span><br>
<span>     1.若没有显式设置,则自动使用表级的配置 </span><br>
<span>     2.显式设置: </span><br>
<br>
<span>     CREATE TABLE Table1(column1 VARCHAR(5) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_german1_ci);</span><br>
<br>
<span>5.连接级别 </span><br>
<span>  查看设置: </span><br>
<span>     show variables like 'character_set_client';  # 服务端使用这个编码来理解客户端发来的statements </span><br>
<span>     show variables like 'character_set_connection' ; # 我还不知道什么意思,等看了mysql源码再说 </span><br>
<span>     show variables like 'character_set_results'; # 服务端使用这个编码回送结果集和错误信息 </span><br>
<span>  设置: </span><br>
<span>     客户端在连接时可以指定这些参数;同时,服务端也提供了一个Global范围的值,客户端未指定这些参数时,服务端就使用这个Global值。这个global值怎么设置的? 我查遍了很多文档,似乎还没看到设置的办法 (有人说通过my.cnf,或者在启动mysqld时指定命令行参数,其实都是错的)</span><br>
<br>
<span>   </span><br>
<br>
<span>附:connector/j传输SQL时用什么编码? </span><br>
<span>  答案: "The character encoding between client and server is automatically detected upon connection. The encoding
 used by the driver is specified on the server using the character_set_server system variable for server versions 4.1.0 and newer."</span><br>
<span>   也就是说,是在连接时查询服务器端的character_set_server值,再确定连接将使用的编码。 </span><br>
<span>   不</span><span><span>过,官方文档还说,"要想覆盖客户端上的自动检测编码功能,可在用于连接到服务器的URL中使用“characterEncoding”属性。" </span></span><br>
</p>
<p><span><span><br>
</span></span></p>
<p><span><span><span>解决方法二: </span><br>
<br>
<span>连接mysql时(无论在从mysql读还是取数据的情况),指定使用的编码方式为utf-8,具体代码如下 </span><br>
<br>
<span>//装载mysql-jdbc驱动 </span><br>
<br>
<span>Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); </span><br>
<br>
<span>//连接数据库 </span><br>
<br>
<span>Connection sqlCon = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?                         user=root&password=1&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"
 ); </span><br>
<br>
<br>
</span></span></p>


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