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如何导入导出MySQL数据库

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:01 PM
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欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 1. 概述 MySQL数据库的导入,有两种方法: 1) 先导出数据库SQL脚本,再导入; 2) 直接拷贝数据库目录和文件。 在不同操作系统或MySQL版本情况下,直接拷贝文件的方法可能会有不兼容的情况发生。 所

欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入

  1. 概述

  MySQL数据库的导入,有两种方法:

  1) 先导出数据库SQL脚本,再导入;

  2) 直接拷贝数据库目录和文件。

  在不同操作系统或MySQL版本情况下,直接拷贝文件的方法可能会有不兼容的情况发生。

  所以一般推荐用SQL脚本形式导入。下面分别介绍两种方法。

  2. 方法一 SQL脚本形式

  操作步骤如下:

  2.1. 导出SQL脚本

  在原数据库服务器上,可以用phpMyAdmin工具,或者mysqldump(mysqldump命令位于mysql/bin/目录中)命令行,导出SQL脚本。

  2.1.1 用phpMyAdmin工具

  导出选项中,选择导出"结构"和"数据",不要添加"Drop DATABASE"和"Drop TABLE"选项。

  选中"另存为文件"选项,如果数据比较多,可以选中"gzipped"选项。

  将导出的SQL文件保存下来。

  2.1.2 用mysqldump命令行

  命令格式

  mysqldump -u用户名 -p 数据库名 > 数据库名。sql

  范例:

  mysqldump -uroot -p abc > abc.sql

  (导出数据库abc到abc.sql文件)

  提示输入密码时,输入该数据库用户名的密码。

  2.2. 创建空的数据库

  通过主控界面/控制面板,创建一个数据库。假设数据库名为abc,数据库全权用户为abc_f.

  2.3. 将SQL脚本导入执行

  同样是两种方法,一种用phpMyAdmin(mysql数据库管理)工具,或者mysql命令行。

  2.3.1 用phpMyAdmin工具

  从控制面板,选择创建的空数据库,点"管理",进入管理工具页面。

  在"SQL"菜单中,浏览选择刚才导出的SQL文件,点击"执行"以上载并执行。

  注意:phpMyAdmin对上载的文件大小有限制,php本身对上载文件大小也有限制,如果原始sql文件

  比较大,可以先用gzip对它进行压缩,对于sql文件这样的文本文件,可获得1:5或更高的压缩率。

  gzip使用方法:

  # gzip xxxxx.sql

  得到

  xxxxx.sql.gz文件。

  2.3.2 用mysql命令行

  命令格式

  mysql -u用户名 -p 数据库名

  范例:

  mysql -uabc_f -p abc

  (导入数据库abc从abc.sql文件)

  提示输入密码时,输入该数据库用户名的密码。

  方法2进入mysql,建立数据库,选择数据库后,打入下面代码,d:\112121.sql为数据库目录。

  mysql>source d:\112121.sql

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如何导入导出MySQL数据库

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