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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialPostgreSQL数据库pg_dump命令行不输入密码的方法

对于PostgreSQL数据库的备份按照官方手册的方法之一就是采用ldquo;SQL Dumprdquo;的方式(另一种方式是直接备份文件系统中的文

对于PostgreSQL数据库的备份按照官方手册的方法之一就是采用“SQL Dump”的方式(另一种方式是直接备份文件系统中的文件,可参考官方手册)。

基本用法如下:

pg_dump dbname > outfile

首先,正如命令行所展示的,pg_dump是将命令结果输出到标准输出中。

其次,pg_dump并不影响数据库工作过程中的其他操作(主要是关心pg_dump会不会产生读写锁(read lock、write lock)),但也有例外,那就是哪些需要使用互斥锁(exclusive lock)的操作,如ALTER TABLE。

由于对于运维而言,通常需要使用脚本来执行数据库备份,而不是每天手动执行命令行并输入密码备份,因此特地查了一下文档,根据文档“31.15. The Password File”节的说明,可以在用户目录下建一个配置文件,提前将密码写入这个配置文件中,配置文件的格式如下:

hostname:port:database:username:password

需要将此文件放在执行pg_dump命令的用户目录下,保存成.pgpass 文件,并且权限为600,否则PostgreSQL就会报

WARNING: password file "/root/.pgpass" has group or world access; permissions should be u=rw (0600) or less

注意:如果PostgreSQL数据库的数据库表结构(database schema)依赖OIDs(例如外键),则pg_dump需要加-o选项。

PostgreSQL数据库的导出速度还是比较快的,导出3万多行不到1s。

PostgreSQL导出数据库命令行实例:

pg_dump -U confluence -d confluence -h 127.0.0.1 -o >/tmp/tmp_confluence_postgresql.sql

其中,

-U表示执行用户

-d表示数据库

-h表示主机

-o表示支持OLDs

注:如果不想使用.pgpass 文件,则可以在命令行中添加-W选项,意思是输入密码再执行。

附录:PostgreSQL数据库一些适合运维的基本操作

登录PostgreSQL数据库:

psql -U dbuser -d exampledb -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432

如果也不想输入密码,则可以执行:

psql "host=127.0.0.1 hostaddr=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=yourloginname password=yoursecret"

列出数据库:

\l

退出数据库console:

\q

tag:PostgreSQL数据库备份,PostgreSQL命令行不输入密码,PostgreSQL数据库基本操作,PostgreSQL数据库导出,PostgreSQL运维教程

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------------------------------------华丽丽的分割线------------------------------------

CentOS 6.3环境下yum安装PostgreSQL 9.3

PostgreSQL缓存详述

Windows平台编译 PostgreSQL

Ubuntu下LAPP(Linux+Apache+PostgreSQL+PHP)环境的配置与安装

Ubuntu上的phppgAdmin安装及配置

CentOS平台下安装PostgreSQL9.3

PostgreSQL配置Streaming Replication集群

如何在CentOS 7/6.5/6.4 下安装PostgreSQL 9.3 与 phpPgAdmin 

------------------------------------华丽丽的分割线------------------------------------

PostgreSQL 的详细介绍:请点这里
PostgreSQL 的下载地址:请点这里

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