一般来说呢,如何检测两张表的内容是否一致,这样的需求大多在从机上体现,以保证数据一致性。方法无非有两个,第一呢就是从数据库着手,第二呢就是从应用程序端着手。 我这里罗列了些如何从数据库层面来解决此类问题的方法。 当然第一步就是检查记录数是否
一般来说呢,如何检测两张表的内容是否一致,这样的需求大多在从机上体现,以保证数据一致性。方法无非有两个,第一呢就是从数据库着手,第二呢就是从应用程序端着手。 我这里罗列了些如何从数据库层面来解决此类问题的方法。
当然第一步就是检查记录数是否一致,否则不用想任何其他方法了。
这里我们用两张表t1_old,t1_new来演示。
表结构: CREATE TABLE t1_old ( id int(11) NOT NULL, log_time timestamp DEFAULT NULL ) ; CREATE TABLE t1_new ( id int(11) NOT NULL, log_time timestamp DEFAULT NULL ) ; 两表的记录数都为100条。 mysql> select count(*) from t1_old; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 100 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.31 sec) mysql> select count(*) from t1_new; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 100 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
方法一:用加法然后去重。
由于Union 本身具备把上下两条连接的记录做唯一性排序,所以这样检测来的非常简单。 mysql> select count(*) from (select * from t1_old union select * from t1_new) as T; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 100 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.06 sec) 这里的记录数为100,初步证明两表内容一致。但是,这个方法有个BUG,在某些情形下不能简单表示结果集一致。 比如: mysql> create table t1_old1 (id int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.27 sec) mysql> create table t1_new1(id int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) mysql> insert into t1_old1 values (1),(2),(3),(5); Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.15 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into t1_new1 values (2),(2),(3),(5); Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from t1_old1; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 5 | +------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1_new1; +------+ | id | +------+ | 2 | | 2 | | 3 | | 5 | +------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select count(*) from (select * from t1_old1 union select * from t1_new1) as T; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 4 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 所以在这点上,这个方法等于是无效。
方法二: 用减法来归零。
由于MySQL 没有提供减法操作符,这里我们换做PostgreSQL来检测。 t_girl=# select count(*) from (select * from t1_old except select * from t1_new) as T; count ------- 0 (1 row) Time: 1.809 ms 这里检测出来结果是0,那么证明两表的内容一致。 那么我们可以针对第一种方法提到的另外一种情况做检测: t_girl=# select count(*) from (select * from t1_old1 except select * from t1_new1) as T; count ------- 1 (1 row) Time: 9.837 ms
OK,这里检测出来结果不对,那么就直接给出不一致的结论。
第三种: 用全表JOIN,这个也是最烂的做法了,当然我这里指的是在表记录数超级多的情形下。
当然这点我也用PostgreSQL来演示 t_girl=# select count(*) from t1_old as a full outer join t1_new as b using (id,log_time) where a.id is null or b.id is null; count ------- 0 (1 row) Time: 5.002 ms t_girl=# 结果为0,证明内容一致。
第四种: 用checksum校验。
比如在MySQL 里面,如果两张表的checksum值一致,那么内容也就一致。 mysql> checksum table t1_old; +---------------+----------+ | Table | Checksum | +---------------+----------+ | t_girl.t1_old | 60614552 | +---------------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> checksum table t1_new; +---------------+----------+ | Table | Checksum | +---------------+----------+ | t_girl.t1_new | 60614552 | +---------------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 但是这种方法也只局限于两表结构一摸一样。 比如,我修改下表t1_old的字段类型,那么checksum的值也就不一样了。 mysql> alter table t1_old modify id bigint; Query OK, 100 rows affected (0.23 sec) Records: 100 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> checksum table t1_old; +---------------+------------+ | Table | Checksum | +---------------+------------+ | t_girl.t1_old | 3211623989 | +---------------+------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> checksum table t1_new; +---------------+----------+ | Table | Checksum | +---------------+----------+ | t_girl.t1_new | 60614552 | +---------------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
所以从上面几种数据库提供的方法来看,用减法来归零相对来说比较可靠,其他的方法比较适合在特定的情形下来检测。

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

EditPlus Chinese cracked version
Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

SublimeText3 English version
Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool