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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMongodb中数据聚合之基本聚合函数count、distinct、group

在之前的文章Mongodb中数据聚合之MapReduce中,我们提到过Mongodb中进行数据聚合操作的一种方式——MapReduce,但是在大多数日常使用过程中,我们并不需要使用MapReduce来进行操作,不然有点杀鸡用牛刀的感觉 ,在这边文章中,我们就简单说说用自带的聚合函

    在之前的文章中,我们提到过Mongodb中进行数据聚合操作的一种方式——MapReduce,但是在大多数日常使用过程中,我们并不需要使用MapReduce来进行操作,不然有点杀鸡用牛刀的感觉偷笑,在这边文章中,我们就简单说说用自带的聚合函数进行数据聚合操作的实现。


Mongodb中自带的基本聚合函数有三种:count、distinct和group。下面我们分别来讲述一下这三个基本聚合函数。


(1)count

作用:简单统计集合中符合某种条件的文档数量。

使用方式:db.collection.count()或者db.collection.find().count()

参数说明:其中是用于查询的目标条件。如果出了想限定查出来的最大文档数,或者想统计后跳过指定条数的文档,则还需要借助于limit,skip。

举例:

db.collection.find().limit();

db.collection.find().skip();


(2)distinct

作用:用于对集合中的文档针进行去重处理

使用方式:db,collection.distinct(field,query)

参数说明:field是去重字段,可以是单个的字段名,也可以是嵌套的字段名;query是查询条件,可以为空;

举例:

db.collection.distinct("user",{“age":{$gt:28}});//用于查询年龄age大于28岁的不同用户名

除了上面的用法外,还可以使用下面的另外一种方法:

db.runCommand({"distinct":"collectionname","key":"distinctfied","query":})

collectionname:去重统计的集合名,distinctfield:去重字段,,是可选的限制条件;

举例:


这两种方式的区别:第一种方法是对第二种方法的封装,第一种只返回去重统计后的字段值集合,但第二种方式既返回字段值集合也返回统计时的细节信息。


(3)group

作用:用于提供比count、distinct更丰富的统计需求,可以使用js函数控制统计逻辑

使用方式:db.collection.group(key,reduce,initial[,keyf][,cond][,finalize])

备注说明:在2.2版本之前,group操作最多只能返回10000条分组记录,但是从2.2版本之后到2.4版本,mongodb做了优化,能够支持返回20000条分组记录返回,如果分组记录的条数大于20000条,那么可能你就需要其他方式进行统计了,比如聚合管道或者MapReduce;


上面对Mongodb中自带的三种三种聚合函数进行了简单的描述,并对需要注意的地方进行了简单的说明,如果需要深入使用,可以进入Mongodb官网查看相关细节信息,谢谢。



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