我的意思是什么才算是一个连接呢？
一个进程连接mysql，mysql分配一个进程去连接PHP的请求，这就算一个连接吗？
举个例子，mysql最大连接数为50，是不是就代表着mysql这个饭馆有50个服务员，对吧？
如果是使用持久连接的话，就代表着这个服务员只给某个特定的顾客（php进程）服务，其他的顾客就无法使用这个服务员，对吗？？？
回复内容：
我的意思是什么才算是一个连接呢？
一个进程连接mysql，mysql分配一个进程去连接PHP的请求，这就算一个连接吗？
举个例子，mysql最大连接数为50，是不是就代表着mysql这个饭馆有50个服务员，对吧？
如果是使用持久连接的话，就代表着这个服务员只给某个特定的顾客（php进程）服务，其他的顾客就无法使用这个服务员，对吗？？？
你理解的很对。
但是一般PHP初期并发不高的时候还是采取连接完成断开比较好，因为数据库普遍支持的并发连接都很低，百级别。你说的长链接一般用于连接池技术，由应用代码自己来维护SQL队列，用于彻底压榨数据库性能。
mysql 是你的饭馆总共50个餐位，每使用一个就少了一个。如果你的50个餐位都坐满了人。但是客人还是可以进来到你的饭馆。但是没有地方吃饭。餐位太少（连接太少）。增加连接数就是增加餐位
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