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python处理一个文本文件

这个文本文件核心有几种情况:
1.序号 ID 操作者 操作行为 操作行为 操作对象
6883 556773833 RemyMCMXI
6880 556772838 Mindmatrix restored undeleted RemyMCMXI
6882 556771715 RemyMCMXI
6881 556770863 RemyMCMXI
6880 556673938 Liua97
6879 554350969 Epicgenius
6880 554332653 Alex

找到restored所在行,得到该行序号6880,然后往下读,找到第一个与其序号相同的行(liua97那行),然后记录下这两行之间所有的id值(包括restored那行),这个例子就是记录下556772838 556771715 556770863这三个id。

2.序号 ID 操作者 操作行为 操作行为 操作对象
208 1675137 Netizen restored undeleted Netizen
207 1648639 Netizen
206 1648621 142.58.181.84
205 1646546 Patrick
204 1638165 Patrick

找到restored所在行,然而往下找不到这个restored行的序号208,这个时候就是读取undelted对象,然后往下找相邻的这个对象的操作者(一般情况下这个restored往下的相邻行的操作者这个对象)。比如这个例子就是记录1675137 1648639这两个id。

3.序号 ID 操作者 操作行为 操作行为 操作对象
153 1254853 Eloquence restored undeleted Eloquence
152 1254819 Eloquence
151 1254815 Eloquence
150 1254812 Eloquence
149 1254799 Eloquence
148 1254796 Eloquence
147 1254782 Eloquence
146 1254771 Eloquence
145 1254740 217.185.183.250

这个同样也是,restored所在行的序号153往下找找不到,然后undeleted的对象在下面连续出现,这个时候就是记录连续出现的所有行的id,就是1254853 819 815 812 799 796 783 771这几个id。

然后现在我对这样的处理没有什么思路,,文本文件的一行就是一个字符串 split的话那些没有包含restored的行就会出现数组越界。。。我就不知道该怎么处理了,求各位大神给个思路orz

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  • 迷茫

    迷茫2017-04-17 17:44:39

    對於第一種情形,可以參考下列做法:

    如果使用的是 Python3 以上的版本:

    with open('G:\reserve9.txt', 'r') as reader:
        flag = False
        flag_number = None
    
        for line in reader:
            number, ID, *items =  line.split()
    
            if not flag and 'restored' in items:
                flag = True
                flag_number = number
            elif flag and number==flag_number:
                flag = False
                flag_number = None
            
            if flag:
                print(ID)
                

    稍微解釋一下代碼,使用open產生的 file object 可以直接當作一個 iterator, 利用 for line in reader: 比起 readlines 會更簡明。

    另外 number, ID, *items = line.split() 是 unpacking 的用法, 他會將 line.split() 切割出來的字串分別配給 number(配到第一個切割字串) ID(配到第二個), 最後會把其他的切割字串集成一個 list 配給 items (打星號的那個變數)。

    不過這個用法不一定適用所有的 Python 版本,所以如果你用的是 Python2.7,可以採行下列做法:

    with open('reserve9.txt') as reader:
        flag = False
        flag_number = None
    
        for line in reader:
            items =  line.split()
            number = items[0]
            ID = items[1]
    
            if not flag and 'restored' in items:
                flag = True
                flag_number = number
            elif flag and number==flag_number:
                flag = False
                flag_number = None
            
            if flag:
                print ID
                

    至於這種做法的思路很單純,設置一個 flag 標誌用來判斷該行的 ID 是否要被印出或收集。其次每一行都要用 numberflag_number 來判斷是否要開關 flag


    下面是Python3的代碼,如果有需要,可以自行將 print 改為 Python2 的用法,差別應該只有在這。(抱歉因為寫得很快,代碼可能不夠精緻)

    考慮到所有情形,首先定義了兩個類: IdCollect 用來收集 ID 以及 Action 用來對象化一個操作:

    *IdCollect

    class IdCollect:
    
        def __init__(self):
            self.dic = {}
            self.outputs = []
            self.idx = 0
            self.newest_action = None
    
        def do_new_a_collect(self, action):
            if not self.dic.get(action.number, {}):
                if 'restored' in action.ops:
                    return True
            return False
    
        def do_finish_a_collect(self, action):
            collect = self.dic.get(action.number, {})
            if collect:
                return True
            return False
    
        def handle(self, action):
            print('handle...', action)
            if self.do_new_a_collect(action):
                print('--- do collect new...')
                self.collect_new(action)
            elif self.do_finish_a_collect(action):
                print('--- do collect finish...')
                self.collect_finish(action)
            else:
                print('--- do collect...')
                self.collect(action)
    
        def collect(self, action):
            if self.newest_action:
                current_collect = self.dic[self.newest_action.number]
            else:
                print('do nothing')
                return
    
            # collect undeleted
            if not current_collect['undeleted_finish']:
                if action.user1==current_collect['undeleted_user']:
                    print('------ collect undeleted')
                    current_collect['undeleted_buffer'].append(action)
                else:
                    print(action.user1, current_collect['undeleted_user'])
                    print('------ finish undeleted')
                    current_collect['undeleted_finish'] = True
    
            # collect restored
            print('------ collect restored')
            current_collect['restored_buffer'].append(action)
    
        def collect_new(self, action):
            undeleted_buffer = []
            undeleted_user = None
            restored_buffer = []
    
            if 'undeleted' in action.ops:
                undeleted_buffer.append(action)
                undeleted_user = action.user2
            restored_buffer.append(action)
    
            self.dic[action.number] = {
                'undeleted_buffer': undeleted_buffer,
                'undeleted_user': undeleted_user,
                'undeleted_finish': False,
                'restored_buffer': restored_buffer,
                'restored_finish': False,
                'idx': self.idx
            }
            self.idx += 1
            self.newest_action = action
    
        def collect_finish(self, action):
            collect = self.dic[action.number]
            collect['restored_finish'] = True
            self.outputs.append(collect)
            self.dic[action.number] = {}
            self.newest_action = None
    
        def output(self):
            for number, collect in self.dic.items():
                if collect:
                    self.outputs.append(collect)
    
            self.outputs.sort(key=lambda collect: collect['idx'])
    
            for collect in self.outputs:
                if collect['restored_finish']:
                    for action in collect['restored_buffer']:
                        print('r', action.ID)
                else:
                    if collect['undeleted_buffer']:
                        for action in collect['undeleted_buffer']:
                            print('d', action.ID)
    

    *Action 類:

    class Action:
    
        def __init__(self, action_str):
            action_str = action_str.strip()
            items = action_str.split()
            self.number = items[0]
            self.ID = items[1]
            self.user1 = items[2]
            self.ops = items[3:]
    
            if len(self.ops) > 1:
                self.ops = self.ops[:-1]
                self.user2 = items[-1]
            else:
                self.user2 = ''
    
        def __str__(self):
            return ' '.join([str(item) for item in [self.number, self.ID, self.user1, self.ops, self.user2]])
    
    

    最後是使用的方法:

    with open('reserve9.txt') as reader:
    
        id_collect = IdCollect()
    
        for line in reader:
            action = Action(line)
    
            id_collect.handle(action)
    
        print('-- output --')
        id_collect.output()
        

    以下是我亂寫的一個測試文件:

    6883 556773833 RemyMCMX
    6880 556772838 Mindmatrix restored undeleted RemyMCMXI
    6882 556771715 RemyMCMXI
    6881 556770863 RemyMCMXI
    6880 556673938 Liua97
    6879 554350969 Epicgenius
    6880 554332653 Alex
    13 82239 194.205.123.10 restored undeleted 62.30.0.4
    14 64090 62.30.0.4
    13 64041 Lee Daniel Crocker
    12 61789 JeLuF
    11 55828 Conversion script
    10 294279 62.82.226.xxx
    9 294278 Larry_Sanger
    8 294277 Larry_Sanger
    7 334555726 24.112.58.xxx
    5 334555725 156.62.18.xxx restored undeleted 156.62.18.xxx
    6 334555724 156.62.18.xxx
    5 334555723 AxelBoldt
    4 334555722 The Cunctator
    3 334555721 The Cunctator
    1 334555720 Alan D
    2 334555718 64.38.175.xxx
    1 334555717 The Cunctator
    5 334555725 156.62.18.xxx restored undeleted 156.62.18.xxx
    6 334555724 156.62.18.xxx
    6 334555724 156.62.18.xxx
    6 334555724 156.62.18.xxx
    6 334555724 156.62.18.xxx
    6 334555724 156.62.18.xxx
    1 334555720 Alan D
    1 334555720 Alan D
    1 334555720 Alan D
    1 334555720 Alan D
    1 334555720 Alan D
    1 334555720 Alan D
    1 334555720 Alan D
    13 82239 194.205.123.10 restored undeleted 62.30.0.4
    13 64041 Lee Daniel Crocker
    

    輸出長這樣:

    ...一些省略掉的收集過程...
    -- output --
    r 556772838
    r 556771715
    r 556770863
    r 82239
    r 64090
    r 334555725
    r 334555724
    d 334555725
    d 334555724
    d 334555724
    d 334555724
    d 334555724
    d 334555724
    r 82239

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