Programmgesteuert bestimmen, ob ein Objekt durch „a“ oder „an“ beschrieben wird?

Question

Ich habe eine Datenbank mit Substantiven (z. B. „Haus“, „Ausrufezeichen“, „Apfel“), die in einer Anwendung ausgegeben und beschrieben werden müssen. Es ist schwierig, einen natürlich klingenden Satz zur Beschreibung eines Gegenstands zusammenzustellen, ohne „a“ oder „an“ zu verwenden – „das Haus ist groß“, „das Ausrufezeichen ist klein“ usw.

Gibt es eine Funktion, Bibliothek oder einen Hack, den ich in PHP verwenden kann, um festzustellen, ob A oder AN besser zur Beschreibung eines bestimmten Substantivs geeignet ist?

Answer 1

我需要这个用于 C# 项目，所以这里是 Python 代码 上面提到的。确保在源文件中包含 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;。

private string GetIndefiniteArticle(string noun_phrase)
{
    string word = null;
    var m = Regex.Match(noun_phrase, @"\w+");
    if (m.Success)
        word = m.Groups[0].Value;
    else
        return "an";

    var wordi = word.ToLower();
    foreach (string anword in new string[] { "euler", "heir", "honest", "hono" })
        if (wordi.StartsWith(anword))
            return "an";

    if (wordi.StartsWith("hour") && !wordi.StartsWith("houri"))
        return "an";

    var char_list = new char[] { 'a', 'e', 'd', 'h', 'i', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'r', 's', 'x' };
    if (wordi.Length == 1)
    {
        if (wordi.IndexOfAny(char_list) == 0)
            return "an";
        else
            return "a";
    }

    if (Regex.Match(word, "(?!FJO|[HLMNS]Y.|RY[EO]|SQU|(F[LR]?|[HL]|MN?|N|RH?|S[CHKLMNPTVW]?|X(YL)?)[AEIOU])[FHLMNRSX][A-Z]").Success)
        return "an";

    foreach (string regex in new string[] { "^e[uw]", "^onc?e\b", "^uni([^nmd]|mo)", "^u[bcfhjkqrst][aeiou]" })
    {
        if (Regex.IsMatch(wordi, regex))
            return "a";
    }

    if (Regex.IsMatch(word, "^U[NK][AIEO]"))
        return "a";
    else if (word == word.ToUpper())
    {
        if (wordi.IndexOfAny(char_list) == 0)
            return "an";
        else
            return "a";
    }

    if (wordi.IndexOfAny(new char[] { 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' }) == 0)
        return "an";

    if (Regex.IsMatch(wordi, "^y(b[lor]|cl[ea]|fere|gg|p[ios]|rou|tt)"))
        return "an";

    return "a";
}

Answer 2

您想要的是确定适当的不定冠词。 Lingua::EN:: Inflect 是一个表现出色的 Perl 模块。我已经提取了相关代码并将其粘贴在下面。这只是一堆案例和一些正则表达式，所以移植到 PHP 应该不难。一位朋友将其移植到Python 如果有人感兴趣，请点击这里。

# 2. INDEFINITE ARTICLES

# THIS PATTERN MATCHES STRINGS OF CAPITALS STARTING WITH A "VOWEL-SOUND"
# CONSONANT FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER CONSONANT, AND WHICH ARE NOT LIKELY
# TO BE REAL WORDS (OH, ALL RIGHT THEN, IT'S JUST MAGIC!)

my $A_abbrev = q{
(?! FJO | [HLMNS]Y.  | RY[EO] | SQU
  | ( F[LR]? | [HL] | MN? | N | RH? | S[CHKLMNPTVW]? | X(YL)?) [AEIOU])
[FHLMNRSX][A-Z]
};

# THIS PATTERN CODES THE BEGINNINGS OF ALL ENGLISH WORDS BEGINING WITH A
# 'y' FOLLOWED BY A CONSONANT. ANY OTHER Y-CONSONANT PREFIX THEREFORE
# IMPLIES AN ABBREVIATION.

my $A_y_cons = 'y(b[lor]|cl[ea]|fere|gg|p[ios]|rou|tt)';

# EXCEPTIONS TO EXCEPTIONS

my $A_explicit_an = enclose join '|',
(
    "euler",
    "hour(?!i)", "heir", "honest", "hono",
);

my $A_ordinal_an = enclose join '|',
(
    "[aefhilmnorsx]-?th",
);

my $A_ordinal_a = enclose join '|',
(
    "[bcdgjkpqtuvwyz]-?th",
);

sub A {
    my ($str, $count) = @_;
    my ($pre, $word, $post) = ( $str =~ m/\A(\s*)(?:an?\s+)?(.+?)(\s*)\Z/i );
    return $str unless $word;
    my $result = _indef_article($word,$count);
    return $pre.$result.$post;
}

sub AN { goto &A }

sub _indef_article {
    my ( $word, $count ) = @_;

    $count = $persistent_count
        if !defined($count) && defined($persistent_count);

    return "$count $word"
        if defined $count && $count!~/^($PL_count_one)$/io;

    # HANDLE USER-DEFINED VARIANTS

    my $value;
    return "$value $word"
        if defined($value = ud_match($word, @A_a_user_defined));

    # HANDLE ORDINAL FORMS

    $word =~ /^($A_ordinal_a)/i         and return "a $word";
    $word =~ /^($A_ordinal_an)/i        and return "an $word";

    # HANDLE SPECIAL CASES

    $word =~ /^($A_explicit_an)/i       and return "an $word";
    $word =~ /^[aefhilmnorsx]$/i        and return "an $word";
    $word =~ /^[bcdgjkpqtuvwyz]$/i      and return "a $word";


    # HANDLE ABBREVIATIONS

    $word =~ /^($A_abbrev)/ox           and return "an $word";
    $word =~ /^[aefhilmnorsx][.-]/i     and return "an $word";
    $word =~ /^[a-z][.-]/i              and return "a $word";

    # HANDLE CONSONANTS

    $word =~ /^[^aeiouy]/i              and return "a $word";

    # HANDLE SPECIAL VOWEL-FORMS

    $word =~ /^e[uw]/i                  and return "a $word";
    $word =~ /^onc?e\b/i                and return "a $word";
    $word =~ /^uni([^nmd]|mo)/i         and return "a $word";
    $word =~ /^ut[th]/i                 and return "an $word";
    $word =~ /^u[bcfhjkqrst][aeiou]/i   and return "a $word";

    # HANDLE SPECIAL CAPITALS

    $word =~ /^U[NK][AIEO]?/            and return "a $word";

    # HANDLE VOWELS

    $word =~ /^[aeiou]/i                and return "an $word";

    # HANDLE y... (BEFORE CERTAIN CONSONANTS IMPLIES (UNNATURALIZED) "i.." SOUND)

    $word =~ /^($A_y_cons)/io           and return "an $word";

    # OTHERWISE, GUESS "a"
    return "a $word";
}