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Heim  >  Artikel  >  php教程  >  使用php完成一个用户注册以及管理的demo（php实现单文件与多文件

使用php完成一个用户注册以及管理的demo（php实现单文件与多文件

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-06 19:42:07893Durchsuche

此篇文章主要讲解如何封装一个php的用于文件上传下载的函数，可以用于本demo中的头像上传功能，顺便讲解一下多文件上传的方式。如果对于文件上传特别熟悉可以跳过此节。 还是使用之前那个界面。 addUser.php: !doctype html html head meta charset = "utf-8

此篇文章主要讲解如何封装一个php的用于文件上传下载的函数，可以用于本demo中的头像上传功能，顺便讲解一下多文件上传的方式。如果对于文件上传特别熟悉可以跳过此节。
还是使用之前那个界面。
addUser.php:

<code><span>
<span>html</span>></span>
<span>head</span>>
<span>meta</span> <span>charset</span>=<span>"utf-8"</span>>
<span>title</span>><span><span>title</span>></span>
<span><span>head</span>></span>
<span>body</span>>
<span>H3</span>>添加管理员<span><span>H3</span>></span>
<span>FORM</span>  <span>action</span>=<span>"doAdminAction.php?act=addUser"</span> <span>method</span>=<span>"post"</span>>
<span>TABLE</span> <span>width</span>=<span>"60%"</span> <span>border</span>=<span>"1"</span> <span>cellpadding</span>=<span>"5"</span> <span>cellspacing</span>=<span>"0"</span> <span>bgcolor</span>=<span>"#cccccc"</span>>
<span>tr</span>>
    <span>TD</span> <span>align</span>=<span>"right"</span>>用户名称<span><span>TD</span>></span>
    <span>TD</span>><span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"text"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"username"</span> <span>placeholder</span>=<span>"请输入用户名称"</span>/><span><span>TD</span>></span>
<span><span>tr</span>></span>
<span>tr</span>>
    <span>TD</span> <span>align</span>=<span>"right"</span>>用户密码<span><span>TD</span>></span>
    <span>TD</span>><span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"text"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"password"</span> <span>placeholder</span>=<span>"请输入用户名称"</span>/><span><span>TD</span>></span>
<span><span>tr</span>></span>
<span>tr</span>>
    <span>TD</span> <span>align</span>=<span>"right"</span>>用户邮箱<span><span>TD</span>></span>
    <span>TD</span>><span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"text"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"email"</span> <span>placeholder</span>=<span>"请输入用户名称"</span>/><span><span>TD</span>></span>
<span><span>tr</span>></span>
<span>tr</span>>
    <span>td</span> <span>align</span>=<span>"right"</span>>性别<span><span>td</span>></span>
    <span>td</span>><span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"radio"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"sex"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"1"</span> <span>checked</span>=<span>"checked"</span>/>男
    <span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"radio"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"sex"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"2"</span> />女
    <span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"radio"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"sex"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"3"</span> />保密
    <span><span>td</span>></span>
<span><span>tr</span>></span>
<span>tr</span>>
        <span>td</span> <span>align</span>=<span>"right"</span>>头像<span><span>td</span>></span>
        <span>td</span>><span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"face"</span> /><span><span>td</span>></span>
<span><span>tr</span>></span>
<span>tr</span>>
    <span>TD</span> <span>colspan</span>=<span>"2"</span>><span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"submit"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"添加用户"</span>/><span><span>TD</span>></span>
<span><span>tr</span>></span>
<span><span>FORM</span>></span>
<span><span>body</span>></span>
<span><span>html</span>></span></code>

使用php完成一个用户注册以及管理的demo（php实现单文件与多文件
这里是文件目录:
使用php完成一个用户注册以及管理的demo（php实现单文件与多文件

在表单提交的doAdminAction.php中，只需要增 加move_uploaded_file($_FILES["face"]["tmp_name"], <br> "upload/" . $_FILES["face"]["name"]);这一行代码，即可把客户端上传的文件放在服务器中的对应的地方。但是这样的代码有一些问题
(1)如果在admin不存在upload的文件夹，文件上传不上去。
(2)对于上传的文件的类型没有进行检验,如果出现病毒文件会比较危险。
(3)如果上传了与upload文件夹中的文件名称相同的文件，原来的文件就会被替换掉。
(4)对于文件上传可能会出现的一些错误没有进行处理，例如文件大小超过了2M，(php ini 文件中默认规定的上传限制大小为2M)
下面是解决方案:
(1)首先判断upload的文件夹是否存在，如果不存在则建立

<code><span>$path</span>=<span>"upload/"</span>;   
<span>//</span>如果路径不存在就建立的路径上
    <span>if</span>(!file_exists(<span>$path</span>))
    {
        mkdir(<span>$path</span>,<span>0777</span>,<span>true</span>);
    } </code>

(2)使用strtolower(end(explode(“.”, $filename)));获得文件的拓展名
然后判断拓展名是否在所需要的文件类型中。
(3)使用md5(uniqid(microtime(true),true));得到一个唯一的字符串与之前得到的文件拓展名连接在一起，作为上传文件的文件名。
(4)现在开始编写doAdminAction的代码，第四个问题将在代码中讲解。

<code><span><span><?php </span> 
    <span>require_once</span> <span>'../include.php'</span>;
    <span>//print_r($_FILES["face"]);</span>
    <span>$path</span>=<span>"upload/"</span>;
    <span>//如果路径不存在就建立的路径上</span>
    <span>if</span>(!file_exists(<span>$path</span>))
    {
        mkdir(<span>$path</span>,<span>0777</span>,<span>true</span>);
    }
    <span>//允许的类型</span>
    <span>$allowExt</span>=<span>array</span>(<span>"gif"</span>,<span>"jpeg"</span>,<span>"png"</span>,<span>"jpg"</span>,<span>"wbmp"</span>);
    <span>$filename</span>=<span>$_FILES</span>[<span>"face"</span>][<span>"name"</span>];
    <span>$ext</span>=getExt(<span>$filename</span>);
    <span>if</span>(!in_array(<span>$ext</span>,<span>$allowExt</span>)){
        <span>exit</span>(<span>"非法文件类型"</span>);
    }
    <span>//得到了唯一的文件名的文件</span>
    <span>$filename</span>=getUniName().<span>"."</span>.<span>$ext</span>;
    <span>if</span>(move_uploaded_file(<span>$_FILES</span>[<span>"face"</span>][<span>"tmp_name"</span>],
    <span>$path</span>.<span>$filename</span>))
    {
        <span>echo</span> <span>"文件上传成功"</span>;
    }
    <span>else</span>
    {
        <span>switch</span>(<span>$_FILES</span>[<span>"face"</span>][<span>'error'</span>]){
            <span>case</span> <span>1</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"超过了配置文件上传文件的大小"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>2</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"超过了表单设置上传文件的大小"</span>;         <span>//UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>3</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"文件部分被上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>4</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"没有文件被上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>6</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"没有找到临时目录"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>7</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"文件不可写"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE;</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>8</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"由于PHP的扩展程序中断了文件上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION</span>
                <span>break</span>;
        }
        <span>echo</span> <span>$mes</span>;
    }
<span>?></span></span></span></code>

如果发生了出现的错误，则这些错误会被打印出来。至此单文件上传的内容讲解完毕，现在将上述的代码封装为函数。

<code><span><?php </span>
<span><span>function</span> <span>uploadFile</span><span>(<span>$path</span>=<span>"upload/"</span>,<span>$allowExt</span>=array<span>(<span>"gif"</span>,<span>"jpeg"</span>,<span>"png"</span>,<span>"jpg"</span>,<span>"wbmp"</span>)</span>,<span>$imgFlag</span>=true)</span>
{</span>
    <span>//如果路径不存在就建立的路径上</span>
    <span>if</span>(!file_exists(<span>$path</span>))
    {
        mkdir(<span>$path</span>,<span>0777</span>,<span>true</span>);
    }
    <span>//允许的类型</span>
    <span>$filename</span>=<span>$_FILES</span>[<span>"face"</span>][<span>"name"</span>];
    <span>$ext</span>=getExt(<span>$filename</span>);
    <span>if</span>(!in_array(<span>$ext</span>,<span>$allowExt</span>)){
        <span>exit</span>(<span>"非法文件类型"</span>);
    }
    <span>if</span>(<span>$imgFlag</span>){
        <span>//如何验证图片是否是一个真正的图片类型</span>
        <span>//getimagesize($filename):验证文件是否是图片类型 正确返回数组错误返回false</span>
        <span>$info</span>=getimagesize(<span>$tmp_name</span>);
        <span>//var_dump($info);exit;</span>
        <span>if</span>(!<span>$info</span>){
            <span>exit</span>(<span>"不是真正的图片类型"</span>);
        }
    }
    <span>//得到了唯一的文件名的文件</span>
    <span>$filename</span>=getUniName().<span>"."</span>.<span>$ext</span>;
    <span>if</span>(move_uploaded_file(<span>$_FILES</span>[<span>"face"</span>][<span>"tmp_name"</span>],
        <span>$path</span>.<span>$filename</span>))
    {
        <span>echo</span> <span>"文件上传成功"</span>;
    }
    <span>else</span>
    {
        <span>switch</span>(<span>$_FILES</span>[<span>"face"</span>][<span>'error'</span>]){
            <span>case</span> <span>1</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"超过了配置文件上传文件的大小"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>2</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"超过了表单设置上传文件的大小"</span>;         <span>//UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>3</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"文件部分被上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>4</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"没有文件被上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>6</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"没有找到临时目录"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>7</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"文件不可写"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE;</span>
                <span>break</span>;
            <span>case</span> <span>8</span>:
                <span>$mes</span>=<span>"由于PHP的扩展程序中断了文件上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION</span>
                <span>break</span>;
        }
        <span>echo</span> <span>$mes</span>;
    }
}</span></code>

多文件上传分为两种情况
(1)多个单文件上传

<code><span>
<span>html</span>></span>
<span>head</span>>
<span>meta</span> <span>charset</span>=<span>"utf-8"</span>>
<span>title</span>><span><span>title</span>></span>
<span><span>head</span>></span>
<span>body</span>>
<span><!--  表单中enctype="multipart/form-data"的意思，是设置表单的MIME编码。默认情况，这个编码格式是application/x-www-form-urlencoded，不能用于文件上传；只有使用了multipart/form-data，才能完整的传递文件数据，进行下面的操作.
--></span>
<span>FORM</span> <span>action</span>=<span>"doAction2.php"</span> <span>method</span>=<span>"post"</span> <span>enctype</span>=<span>"multipart/form-data"</span>> 
 <span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"hidden"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"MAX_FILE_SIZE"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"1048576"</span>/>   
    请选择上传文件:<span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"myFile1"</span>/><span>br</span>/>
  请选择上传文件:<span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"myFile2"</span>/><span>br</span>/>
  请选择上传文件:<span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"myFile3"</span>/><span>br</span>/>
  <span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"submit"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"上传"</span>/>
<span><span>FORM</span>></span>
<span><span>body</span>></span>
<span><span>html</span>></span></code>

这种形式相当于上传了多个单文件,在doAction2.php中print_r($_FILES);得到

<code><span>Array</span>
(
    [myFile1] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => touxiang.jpg
            [type] => image/jpeg
            [tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\php79E3.tmp
            [error] => <span>0</span>
            [size] => <span>28747</span>
        )

    [myFile2] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => 文章.png
            [type] => image/png
            [tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\php7A03.tmp
            [error] => <span>0</span>
            [size] => <span>11655</span>
        )

    [myFile3] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => 增加.png
            [type] => image/png
            [tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\php7A04.tmp
            [error] => <span>0</span>
            [size] => <span>7439</span>
        )

)</code>

(2)多文件上传

<code><span>
<span>html</span>></span>
<span>head</span>>
<span>meta</span> <span>charset</span>=<span>"utf-8"</span>>
<span>title</span>><span><span>title</span>></span>
<span><span>head</span>></span>
<span>body</span>>
<span><!--  表单中enctype="multipart/form-data"的意思，是设置表单的MIME编码。默认情况，这个编码格式是application/x-www-form-urlencoded，不能用于文件上传；只有使用了multipart/form-data，才能完整的传递文件数据，进行下面的操作.
--></span>
<span>FORM</span> <span>action</span>=<span>"doAction2.php"</span> <span>method</span>=<span>"post"</span> <span>enctype</span>=<span>"multipart/form-data"</span>> 
 <span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"hidden"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"MAX_FILE_SIZE"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"1048576"</span>/>   
  请选择上传文件:<span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"myFile[]"</span>/><span>br</span>/>
  请选择上传文件:<span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"myFile[]"</span>/><span>br</span>/>
  请选择上传文件:<span>INPUT</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"file"</span> <span>name</span>=<span>"myFile[]"</span>/><span>br</span>/>
<span>input</span> <span>type</span>=<span>"submit"</span> <span>value</span>=<span>"上传"</span>/>
<span><span>FORM</span>></span>
<span><span>body</span>></span>
<span><span>html</span>></span></code>

同样print_r($_files)一下

<code>
<span>Array</span>
(
    [myFile] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => <span>Array</span>
                (
                    [<span>0</span>] => touxiang.jpg
                    [<span>1</span>] => 文章.png
                    [<span>2</span>] => 增加.png
                )

            [type] => <span>Array</span>
                (
                    [<span>0</span>] => image/jpeg
                    [<span>1</span>] => image/png
                    [<span>2</span>] => image/png
                )

            [tmp_name] => <span>Array</span>
                (
                    [<span>0</span>] => D:\xampp\tmp\php1EC.tmp
                    [<span>1</span>] => D:\xampp\tmp\php1ED.tmp
                    [<span>2</span>] => D:\xampp\tmp\php1EE.tmp
                )

            [error] => <span>Array</span>
                (
                    [<span>0</span>] => <span>0</span>
                    [<span>1</span>] => <span>0</span>
                    [<span>2</span>] => <span>0</span>
                )

            [size] => <span>Array</span>
                (
                    [<span>0</span>] => <span>28747</span>
                    [<span>1</span>] => <span>11655</span>
                    [<span>2</span>] => <span>7439</span>
                )

        )

)
</code>

发现两种方式得到的数组有很多的不同。
对于第一种的情况(相当于一个文件数组)我们可以

<code><span>foreach</span> (<span>$_FILES</span> <span>as</span> <span>$var</span>)
{
    <span>//对于每一个文件进行了文件上传操作</span>
    <span>$info</span>=uploadFile(<span>$var</span>);
    <span>echo</span> <span>$info</span>;
}</code>

对于第二种情况我们可以将所示的三维数组转换为第一种情况所示的二维数组即可。

<code>foreach(<span>$_FILES</span>[myFile][name] as <span>$key</span>=><span>$var</span> )
{
    <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][name]=<span>$_FILES</span>[myFile][name][<span>$key</span>];
    <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][type]=<span>$_FILES</span>[myFile][type][<span>$key</span>];
    <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][tmp_name]=<span>$_FILES</span>[myFile][tmp_name][<span>$key</span>];
    <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][<span>error</span>]=<span>$_FILES</span>[myFile][<span>error</span>][<span>$key</span>];
    <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][<span>size</span>]=<span>$_FILES</span>[myFile][<span>size</span>][<span>$key</span>];
}
print_r(<span>$files</span>);</code>

结果

<code><span>Array</span>
(
    [<span>0</span>] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => touxiang.jpg
            [type] => image/jpeg
            [tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\php3227.tmp
            [error] => <span>0</span>
            [size] => <span>28747</span>
        )

    [<span>1</span>] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => 文章.png
            [type] => image/png
            [tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\php3228.tmp
            [error] => <span>0</span>
            [size] => <span>11655</span>
        )

    [<span>2</span>] => <span>Array</span>
        (
            [name] => 增加.png
            [type] => image/png
            [tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\php3229.tmp
            [error] => <span>0</span>
            [size] => <span>7439</span>
        )

)</code>

成功了，现在我们开始封装一个文件上传函数，这个函数呢既可以处理单文件上传又可以处理多文件上传。然后我们只需要编写数组处理的这部分，然后调用upload()函数即可。

<code><span><?php </span>
<span>require_once</span> <span>"../include.php"</span>;
<span>//用于转换数组</span>
<span><span>function</span> <span>buildInfo</span><span>()</span>
{</span>
    <span>foreach</span>(<span>$_FILES</span> <span>as</span> <span>$file</span>)
    {
        <span>$i</span>=<span>0</span>;
        <span>if</span>(is_string(<span>$file</span>[<span>'name'</span>]))
        {
            <span>$files</span>[<span>$i</span>]=<span>$file</span>;
            <span>$i</span>++;
        }
        <span>else</span>
        {
            <span>foreach</span>(<span>$file</span>[name] <span>as</span> <span>$key</span>=><span>$var</span>)
            {
                <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][name]=<span>$file</span>[name][<span>$key</span>];
                <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][type]=<span>$file</span>[type][<span>$key</span>];
                <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][tmp_name]=<span>$file</span>[tmp_name][<span>$key</span>];
                <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][error]=<span>$file</span>[error][<span>$key</span>];
                <span>$files</span>[<span>$key</span>][size]=<span>$file</span>[size][<span>$key</span>];
            } 
        }
    }
    <span>return</span> <span>$files</span>;
}
<span>//用于上传</span>
<span><span>function</span> <span>uploadFile</span><span>(<span>$path</span>=<span>"upload/"</span>,<span>$allowExt</span>=array<span>(<span>"gif"</span>,<span>"jpeg"</span>,<span>"png"</span>,<span>"jpg"</span>,<span>"wbmp"</span>)</span>)</span>
{</span>
    <span>//如果路径不存在就建立的路径上</span>
    <span>if</span>(!file_exists(<span>$path</span>))
    {
        mkdir(<span>$path</span>,<span>0777</span>,<span>true</span>);
    }
    <span>$files</span>=buildInfo();
    <span>foreach</span>(<span>$files</span> <span>as</span> <span>$file</span>)
    {
        <span>//允许的类型</span>
        <span>$filename</span>=<span>$file</span>[<span>"name"</span>];
        <span>$ext</span>=getExt(<span>$filename</span>);
        <span>if</span>(!in_array(<span>$ext</span>,<span>$allowExt</span>)){
            <span>exit</span>(<span>"非法文件类型"</span>);
        }
        <span>//校验是否是一个真正的图片类型</span>
        <span>if</span>(<span>$imgFlag</span>){
            <span>if</span>(!getimagesize(<span>$file</span>[<span>'tmp_name'</span>])){
                <span>exit</span>(<span>"不是真正的图片类型"</span>);
            }
        }
        <span>//得到了唯一的文件名的文件</span>
        <span>$filename</span>=getUniName().<span>"."</span>.<span>$ext</span>;
        <span>if</span>(move_uploaded_file(<span>$file</span>[<span>"tmp_name"</span>],
            <span>$path</span>.<span>$filename</span>))
        {
            <span>echo</span> <span>"文件上传成功"</span>;
        }
        <span>else</span>
        {
            <span>switch</span>(<span>$file</span>[<span>'error'</span>]){
                <span>case</span> <span>1</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"超过了配置文件上传文件的大小"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
                <span>case</span> <span>2</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"超过了表单设置上传文件的大小"</span>;         <span>//UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
                <span>case</span> <span>3</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"文件部分被上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
                <span>case</span> <span>4</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"没有文件被上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
                <span>case</span> <span>6</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"没有找到临时目录"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
                <span>case</span> <span>7</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"文件不可写"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE;</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
                <span>case</span> <span>8</span>:
                    <span>$mes</span>=<span>"由于PHP的扩展程序中断了文件上传"</span>;<span>//UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION</span>
                    <span>break</span>;
            }
            <span>echo</span> <span>$mes</span>;
        }
    }
}</span></code>

这段代码中还增加了对于上传图片是否为图片格式的检验,以及对于图片大小的检验，因为有些病毒文件会伪装为图片文件。

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