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Typprüfung mit PropTypes
Typprüfung soll die Richtigkeit der an die Komponente übergebenen Parameter sicherstellen.
Normalerweise können in Projekten Flow oder TypeScript verwendet werden.
React stellt PropTypes zur Überprüfung von Typen bereit.
Beispiel:
import PropTypes from 'prop-types'; class Greeting extends React.Component { render() { return ( <h1>Hello, {this.props.name}</h1> ); } } Greeting.propTypes = { name: PropTypes.string };
import PropTypes from 'prop-types'; MyComponent.propTypes = { // You can declare that a prop is a specific JS type. By default, these // are all optional. optionalArray: PropTypes.array, optionalBool: PropTypes.bool, optionalFunc: PropTypes.func, optionalNumber: PropTypes.number, optionalObject: PropTypes.object, optionalString: PropTypes.string, optionalSymbol: PropTypes.symbol, // Anything that can be rendered: numbers, strings, elements or an array // (or fragment) containing these types. optionalNode: PropTypes.node, // A React element. optionalElement: PropTypes.element, // You can also declare that a prop is an instance of a class. This uses // JS's instanceof operator. optionalMessage: PropTypes.instanceOf(Message), // You can ensure that your prop is limited to specific values by treating // it as an enum. optionalEnum: PropTypes.oneOf(['News', 'Photos']), // An object that could be one of many types optionalUnion: PropTypes.oneOfType([ PropTypes.string, PropTypes.number, PropTypes.instanceOf(Message) ]), // An array of a certain type optionalArrayOf: PropTypes.arrayOf(PropTypes.number), // An object with property values of a certain type optionalObjectOf: PropTypes.objectOf(PropTypes.number), // An object taking on a particular shape optionalObjectWithShape: PropTypes.shape({ color: PropTypes.string, fontSize: PropTypes.number }), // You can chain any of the above with `isRequired` to make sure a warning // is shown if the prop isn't provided. requiredFunc: PropTypes.func.isRequired, // A value of any data type requiredAny: PropTypes.any.isRequired, // You can also specify a custom validator. It should return an Error // object if the validation fails. Don't `console.warn` or throw, as this // won't work inside `oneOfType`. customProp: function(props, propName, componentName) { if (!/matchme/.test(props[propName])) { return new Error( 'Invalid prop `' + propName + '` supplied to' + ' `' + componentName + '`. Validation failed.' ); } }, // You can also supply a custom validator to `arrayOf` and `objectOf`. // It should return an Error object if the validation fails. The validator // will be called for each key in the array or object. The first two // arguments of the validator are the array or object itself, and the // current item's key. customArrayProp: PropTypes.arrayOf(function(propValue, key, componentName, location, propFullName) { if (!/matchme/.test(propValue[key])) { return new Error( 'Invalid prop `' + propFullName + '` supplied to' + ' `' + componentName + '`. Validation failed.' ); } }) };
import PropTypes from 'prop-types'; class MyComponent extends React.Component { render() { // This must be exactly one element or it will warn. const children = this.props.children; return ( <p> {children} </p> ); } } MyComponent.propTypes = { children: PropTypes.element.isRequired };
class Greeting extends React.Component { render() { return ( <h1>Hello, {this.props.name}</h1> ); } } // Specifies the default values for props: Greeting.defaultProps = { name: 'Stranger' }; // Renders "Hello, Stranger": ReactDOM.render( <Greeting />, document.getElementById('example') );
Der obige Inhalt wird zur Implementierung verwendet eine allgemeine Reaktion Sehr nützlich für Komponenten. Die Typprüfung wird zusammen mit Parameterstandardwerten verwendet, um den normalen Betrieb von Komponenten sicherzustellen.
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