Code-Implementierung zum Erstellen von QT-Tabellen

Dieser Artikel enthält hauptsächlich einen Code zur Implementierung der Anforderungsmethode zum Erstellen von QT-Tabellen. Er hat einen guten Referenzwert und ich hoffe, dass er für alle hilfreich ist. Folgen wir dem Herausgeber und schauen wir uns das an. Ich hoffe, es kann allen helfen.

1. Einführung

QTableWidget ist ein Steuerelement, das häufig im QT-Dialogfelddesign zum Anzeigen von Datentabellen verwendet wird Um dies zu erreichen, muss die gesamte Tabelle mithilfe der zellenweisen Objekte QTableWidgetItem erstellt werden.

2. Ausführliche Erklärung

1 . Code

(1) table.h

1. #ifndef TABLE_H  
   #define TABLE_H  
   #include <QtGui>  
     
   class Table : public QTableWidget  
   {  
       Q_OBJECT  
   public:  
       Table(QWidget *parent = 0);  
       ~Table();  
       void setColumnValue(const int &columnSum, const QStringList &header);   //set header value  
       void setHeaderWidth(const int &index, const int &width);    //set header and column widhth for each index  
       void setHeaderHeight(const int &height);                    //set header height  
     
       void addRowValue(const int &height, const QStringList &value, const QIcon &fileIcon);  
       void setRowH(const int &index, const int &height);  
       void setItemFixed(bool flag);  
       bool getSelectedRow(QList<int> &rowList);  
         
   protected:  
       void contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event);  
       QModelIndex moveCursor(CursorAction cursorAction, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifiers);  
       void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event);  
     
   private:  
       void createActions();  
         
   private slots:  
       void slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem *item);  
       void slotActionRename();  
       void slotItemSelectionChanged();  
         
   private:  
       int tableWidth;  
       int tableHeight;  
       QList<int>rowHeghtList;  
       QList<int>rowWidthList;  
         
       QMenu *popMenu;  
       QAction *actionName;  
       QAction *actionSize;  
       QAction *actionType;  
       QAction *actionDate;  
       QAction *actionOpen;  
       QAction *actionDownload;  
       QAction *actionFlush;  
       QAction *actionDelete;  
       QAction *actionRename;  
       QAction *actionCreateFolder;  
       QTableWidgetItem *rightClickedItem;  
       QMap<QTableWidgetItem *, QString>fileMap;  
       bool dupFlag;  
   };  
     
   // custom item delegate class  
   class NoFocusDelegate : public QStyledItemDelegate  
   {  
   protected:  
       void paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionViewItem& option, const QModelIndex& index) const;  
   };  
   #endif // TABLE_H

(2) table.cpp

1. #include "table.h"  
     
   Table::Table(QWidget *parent)  
       : QTableWidget(parent)  
       , rightClickedItem(NULL)  
       , dupFlag(false)  
   {  
       rowHeghtList.clear();  
       rowWidthList.clear();  
       fileMap.clear();  
       this->setMouseTracking(true);  
       //setWindowTitle(tr("table"));  
       horizontalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(100);  
       verticalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(30);    //设置默认行高  
       tableWidth = 100;  
       tableHeight = 30;  
       horizontalHeader()->setClickable(false);    //设置表头不可点击（默认点击后进行排序  
     
       QFont font = horizontalHeader()->font();    //设置表头字体加粗  
       font.setBold(true);  
       horizontalHeader()->setFont(font);  
       horizontalHeader()->setStretchLastSection(true);    //设置充满表宽度  
       horizontalHeader()->setMovable(false);              //表头左右互换  
       //verticalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::ResizeToContents);  
     
       setFrameShape(QFrame::NoFrame);      //设置无边框  
       //setShowGrid(false);                //设置不显示格子线  
       verticalHeader()->setVisible(false); //设置垂直头不可见  
       setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::ExtendedSelection);  //可多选（Ctrl、Shift、  Ctrl+A都可以）  
       setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);  //设置选择行为时每次选择一行  
       setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers); //设置不可编辑  
     
       setStyleSheet("selection-background-color:lightblue;");  //设置选中背景色  
       //horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background:skyblue;}"); //设置表头背景色  
       //setStyleSheet("background: rgb(56,56,56);alternate-background-color:rgb(48,51,55);selection-background-color:qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(56,56,56),stop:1 rgb(76,76,76));"); //设置选中背景色  
       horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background-color: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgba(134, 245, 99, 255),stop:0.5 rgba(134, 148, 99, 255),stop:1 rgba(115, 87, 128, 255));color:rgb(25, 70, 100);padding-left: 1px;border: 1px solid #FFFF00;}"); //设置表头背景色  
       setAlternatingRowColors(true);  
     
       //setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);  
       //setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);  
       //设置水平、垂直滚动条样式  
       horizontalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet("QScrollBar{background:transparent; height:12px;}"  
                                            "QScrollBar::handle{background:lightgray; border:2px solid transparent; border-radius:5px;}"  
                                            "QScrollBar::handle:hover{background:gray;}"  
                                            "QScrollBar::sub-line{background:transparent;}"  
                                            "QScrollBar::add-line{background:transparent;}");  
     
       verticalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet("QScrollBar{background:transparent; width:12px;}"  
                                          "QScrollBar::handle{background:lightgray; border:2px solid transparent; border-radius:5px;}"  
                                          "QScrollBar::handle:hover{background:gray;}"  
                                          "QScrollBar::sub-line{background:transparent;}"  
                                          "QScrollBar::add-line{background:transparent;}");  
     
       // set the item delegate to your table widget  
       setItemDelegate(new NoFocusDelegate());             //虚线边框去除  
       //setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);   //去除选中虚线框  
       horizontalHeader()->setHighlightSections(false);    //点击表时不对表头行光亮（获取焦点）  
     
       createActions();  
       setItemFixed(false);  
       connect(this, SIGNAL(itemEntered(QTableWidgetItem*)), this , SLOT(slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem*)));  
       connect(this, SIGNAL(itemSelectionChanged()), this , SLOT(slotItemSelectionChanged()));  
       //this->resize(600, 600);  
   }  
     
   Table::~Table()  
   {  
     
   }  
     
   void Table::setColumnValue(const int &columnSum, const QStringList &header)  
   {  
       setColumnCount(columnSum);                //设置列数  
       this->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(header);  //设置列的标签  
   }  
     
   void Table::setHeaderWidth(const int &index, const int &width)  
   {  
       horizontalHeader()->resizeSection(index,width);  
       if (rowWidthList.count() <= index + 1) {  
         rowWidthList.append(width);  
       }  
       else {  
         rowWidthList[index+1] = width;  
       }  
       tableWidth = 0;  
       for(int index = 0; index < rowWidthList.count(); index++)  
          tableWidth += rowWidthList.at(index);  
       resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);  
   }  
     
   void Table::setHeaderHeight(const int &height)  
   {  
       horizontalHeader()->setFixedHeight(height);        //设置表头的高度  
       if (rowHeghtList.isEmpty()) {  
         rowHeghtList.append(height);  
       }  
       else {  
         rowHeghtList[0] = height;  
       }  
       tableHeight = 0;  
       for(int index = 0; index < rowHeghtList.count(); index++)  
          tableHeight += rowHeghtList.at(index);  
       resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);  
   }  
     
   void Table::addRowValue(const int &height, const QStringList &value, const QIcon &fileIcon)  
   {  
       int row_count = rowCount();    //获取表单行数  
       insertRow(row_count);          //插入新行  
       setRowHeight(row_count, height);  
       for (int index = 0; index < columnCount(); index++) {  
           QTableWidgetItem *item = new QTableWidgetItem;  
           if (index == 0) {  
               item->setIcon(fileIcon);  
               item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignVCenter | Qt::AlignLeft);  
               fileMap.insert(item, value.at(index));  
           }  
           else {  
               item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);  
           }  
           item->setText(value.at(index));  
           setItem(row_count, index, item);  
       }  
       rowHeghtList.append(height);  
       tableHeight += height;   
       resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);  
   }  
     
     
   void NoFocusDelegate::paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionViewItem & option, const QModelIndex &index) const  
   {  
       QStyleOptionViewItem itemOption(option);  
       if (itemOption.state & QStyle::State_HasFocus)  
           itemOption.state = itemOption.state ^ QStyle::State_HasFocus;  
       QStyledItemDelegate::paint(painter, itemOption, index);  
   }  
     
   void Table::setRowH(const int &index, const int &height)  
   {  
     setRowHeight(index, height);  
     if (rowHeghtList.count() <= index + 1) {  
       rowHeghtList.append(height);  
     }  
     else {  
       rowHeghtList[index+1] = height;  
     }  
     tableHeight = 0;  
     for(int index = 0; index < rowHeghtList.count(); index++)  
        tableHeight += rowHeghtList.at(index);  
     resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);  
   }  
     
   void Table::createActions()  
   {  
     popMenu = new QMenu();  
     actionName = new QAction(this);  
     actionSize = new QAction(this);  
     actionType = new QAction(this);  
     actionDate = new QAction(this);  
     actionOpen = new QAction(this);     
     actionDownload = new QAction(this);  
     actionFlush = new QAction(this);  
     actionDelete = new QAction(this);  
     actionRename = new QAction(this);  
     actionCreateFolder = new QAction(this);  
        
     actionOpen->setText(tr("打开"));  
     actionDownload->setText(tr("下载"));  
     actionFlush->setText(tr("刷新"));  
     actionDelete->setText(tr("删除"));  
     actionRename->setText(tr("重命名"));  
     actionCreateFolder->setText(tr("新建文件夹"));  
     actionName->setText(tr("名称"));  
     actionSize->setText(tr("大小"));  
     actionType->setText(tr("项目类型"));  
     actionDate->setText(tr("修改日期"));  
          
     actionFlush->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Refresh);  
     connect(actionRename, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(slotActionRename()));  
   }  
     
   void Table::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event)  
   {  
     popMenu->clear();  
     QPoint point = event->pos();  
     rightClickedItem = this->itemAt(point);  
     if(rightClickedItem != NULL) {  
       popMenu->addAction(actionDownload);  
       popMenu->addAction(actionFlush);  
       popMenu->addSeparator();  
       popMenu->addAction(actionDelete);  
       popMenu->addAction(actionRename);  
       popMenu->addSeparator();  
       popMenu->addAction(actionCreateFolder);  
       QMenu *sortStyle = popMenu->addMenu(tr("排序"));  
       sortStyle->addAction(actionName);  
       sortStyle->addAction(actionSize);  
       sortStyle->addAction(actionType);  
       sortStyle->addAction(actionDate);  
             
       popMenu->exec(QCursor::pos());  
       event->accept();  
     }  
   }  
     
   QModelIndex Table::moveCursor(QAbstractItemView::CursorAction cursorAction, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifiers)  
   {  
       //重写移动光标事件，当存在编辑项的时候，让光标永远位于当前项（编辑项）,否则返回父类  
       if(rightClickedItem && rightClickedItem->row() >= 0) {  
           return currentIndex();  
       }  
       else {  
          return QTableWidget::moveCursor(cursorAction, modifiers);  
       }  
   }  
     
     
   void Table::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event)  
   {  
       if (event->key() == Qt::Key_Return || event->key() == Qt::Key_Enter) {  
           QTableWidgetItem *item = currentItem();  
           if (item) {  
               closePersistentEditor(item);  
               openPersistentEditor(item);  
               slotItemSelectionChanged();  
               dupFlag = false;  
           }  
       }  
   }  
     
   void Table::slotItemSelectionChanged()  
   {  
       //关闭编辑项  
       if (rightClickedItem && dupFlag == false) {  
           int editRow = rightClickedItem->row();  
           QTableWidgetItem *item = this->item(editRow, 0);  
           QMap<QTableWidgetItem *, QString>::iterator it;  
           for (it = fileMap.begin(); it != fileMap.end(); ++it) {  
               if (it.key() != item) {  
                   if (it.value() == item->text()) {  
                       dupFlag = true;  
                   }  
               }  
           }  
           if (dupFlag == false) {  
               this->closePersistentEditor(item);  
               rightClickedItem = NULL;  
           }  
           else {  
               QMessageBox::critical(this,tr("错误提示"),tr("文件重名"), tr("确定"));  
               setCurrentItem(item);  
           }  
       }  
       else {  
           dupFlag = false;  
       }  
   }  
     
   void Table::setItemFixed(bool flag)  
   {  
     if (flag == true)  
         horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Fixed);  
     else  
         horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Interactive);  
   }  
     
   bool Table::getSelectedRow(QList<int> &rowList)  
   {  
       //多选并获取所选行  
       QList<QTableWidgetItem *> items = this->selectedItems();  
       int itemCount = items.count();  
       if(itemCount <= 0) {  
           return false;  
       }  
       for (int index = 0; index < itemCount; index++) {  
           int itemRow = this->row(items.at(index));  
           rowList.append(itemRow);  
       }  
       return  true;  
   }  
     
   void Table::slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem *item)  
   {  
     if(!item)  
       return;  
     QString name = item->text();  
     if (name.isEmpty())  
       return;  
     QToolTip::showText(QCursor::pos(), name);  
   }  
     
   void Table::slotActionRename()  
   {  
       //获得当前节点并获取编辑名称  
       if (rightClickedItem) {  
           int editRow = rightClickedItem->row();  
           QTableWidgetItem *item = this->item(editRow, 0);   //编辑的行号及第一列  
           this->setCurrentCell(editRow, 0);  
           this->openPersistentEditor(item);                  //打开编辑项  
           this->editItem(item);  
       }  
   }

(3) tablewidget.h

1. #ifndef TABLEWIDGET_H  
   #define TABLEWIDGET_H  
   #include "table.h"  
     
   class TableWidget : public QWidget  
   {  
       Q_OBJECT  
     
   public:  
       TableWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);  
       ~TableWidget();  
     
   private:  
       bool ScanFile(const QString & path);  
     
   private:  
       Table *table;  
   };  
     
   #endif // TABLEWIDGET_H

(4) tablewidget.cpp

1. #include "tablewidget.h"  
     
   TableWidget::TableWidget(QWidget *parent)  
       : QWidget(parent)  
   {  
       QTextCodec*codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("utf8");  
       QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(codec);  
       QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(codec);  
       QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(codec);  
       setWindowTitle(tr("文件浏览"));  
       table = new Table(this);  
     
       QStringList header;  
       header<<tr("文件名")<<tr("最后更改日期")<<tr("类型")<<tr("大小");  
       table->setColumnValue(4, header);  
     
       table->setHeaderWidth(0, 200);  
       table->setHeaderWidth(1, 150);  
       table->setHeaderWidth(2, 100);  
       table->setHeaderWidth(3, 100);  
       table->setHeaderHeight(30);  
       //table->setRowH(0, 200);  
       ScanFile(QApplication::applicationDirPath());  
   //    table->setRowHeight(46);  
       resize(800, 800);  
   }  
     
   TableWidget::~TableWidget()  
   {  
     
   }  
     
   //Qt实现遍历文件夹和文件目录  
   bool TableWidget::ScanFile(const QString &path)  
   {  
       QDir dir(path);  
       if (!dir.exists())  
           return false;  
   //    dir.setFilter(QDir::Dirs | QDir::Files | QDir::NoSymLinks | QDir::NoDotAndDotDot);  
   //    QFileInfoList list = dir.entryInfoList();  
   //    //QStringList list = dir.entryList();  
   //    for(int index = 0; index < list.count(); index++) {  
   //        QFileInfo fileInfo = list.at(index);  
   //        if (fileInfo.isDir()) {  
   //            ScanFile(fileInfo.filePath());  
   //        }  
   //        else {  
   //            qDebug() << "----------" << fileInfo.absoluteFilePath();  
   //        }  
   //    }  
       QDirIterator dirIterator(path, QDir::Dirs | QDir::Files | QDir::NoSymLinks| QDir::NoDotAndDotDot, QDirIterator::Subdirectories);  
       while(dirIterator.hasNext()) {  
           dirIterator.next();  
           QFileInfo fileInfo = dirIterator.fileInfo();  
           QString filePath = fileInfo.absoluteFilePath();  
           QFileIconProvider iconProvider;  
           QIcon icon;  
           if (fileInfo.isDir()) {          //获取指定文件图标  
               icon = iconProvider.icon(QFileIconProvider::Folder);  
           }  
           else {  
               icon = iconProvider.icon(fileInfo);  
           }  
           QFileIconProvider icon_provider;  
           QString typeFile = icon_provider.type(fileInfo);  
           table->addRowValue(30, QStringList()<< filePath <<fileInfo.lastModified().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")  
                                               <<typeFile<<QString::number(fileInfo.size()/1024.0, &#39;f&#39;, 2)+"KB", icon);  
       }  
       return true;  
     
   }

(5 ) main.cpp

1. #include "tablewidget.h"  
   #include <QApplication>  
     
   int main(int argc, char *argv[])  
   {  
       QApplication a(argc, argv);  
       TableWidget w;  
       w.show();  
     
       return a.exec();  
   }

(6) Laufergebnisse

(7) Zusammenfassung
Geändert gemäß dem Online-Blog: Die mit der Maus angeklickten Optionen werden mit einer virtuellen Box angezeigt werden, ein Rechtsklick-Menü erstellen, den Dateisymboltyp abrufen, die Tab-Taste beim Klicken mit der rechten Maustaste zum Bearbeiten verwenden, die Tabelle nach dem Umbenennen einer Datei aktualisieren und Ordner rekursiv scannen.

2. Eigenschaften des QTableWidget-Steuerelements

1. Deaktivieren Sie standardmäßig die Bearbeitung der Tabelle Tabelle Die Zeichen können geändert werden.
Durch einen Doppelklick auf eine Zelle können Sie beispielsweise den ursprünglichen Inhalt ändern. Wenn Sie dies dem Benutzer verbieten und die Tabelle für den Benutzer schreibgeschützt machen möchten, können Sie Folgendes tun:

1. ui.qtablewidget->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers);

二、设置表格为选择整行

1. /*设置表格为整行选中*/  
   ui.qtablewidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);

三、设置单个选中和多个选中
单个选中意味着每次只可以选中一个单元格，多个就是相当于可以选择”一片“那种模式。

1. /*设置允许多个选中*/   
   ui.qtablewidget->setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::ExtendedSelection);

四、表格表头的显示与隐藏
对于水平或垂直方向的表头，如果不想显示可以用以下方式进行（隐藏/显示）设置：

1. ui.qtablewidget->verticalHeader()->setVisible(true);    
   ui.qtablewidget->horizontalHeader()->setVisible(false);

五、设置具体单元格中字体的对齐方式

1. ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);

六、设置具体单元格中字体格式

1. ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setBackgroundColor(QColor(0,60,10));     
   ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setTextColor(QColor(200,111,100));  
   ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setFont(QFont("Helvetica"));

七、设置具体单元格的值

1. ui.qtablewidget->setItem(1, 0, new QTableWidgetItem(str));

八、把QTableWidgetItem对象内容转换为QString

1. QString str =ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString();

九、具体单元格中添加控件

1. QComboBox *comBox = new QComboBox();  
   comBox->addItem("F");  
   comBox->addItem("M");  
   ui.qtablewidget->setCellWidget(0,3,comBox);

十、合并单元格

1. //合并单元格的效果  
   ui.qtablewidget->setSpan(2, 2, 3, 2);  
   //第一个参数：要改变的单元格行数  
   //第二个参数：要改变的单元格列数  
   //第三个参数：需要合并的行数  
   //第四个参数：需要合并的列数

十一、具体单元格中插入图片

1. ui.qtablewidget->setItem(3, 2, new QTableWidgetItem(QIcon("images/music.png"), "Music"));

十二、设置显示网格

1. ui.qtablewidget->setShowGrid(true);//显示表格线

十三、设置滚动条

1. ui.qtablewidget->setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);//去掉水平滚动条

十四、设置列标签

1. //初始化界面  
       QStringList  HStrList;  
       HStrList.push_back(QString("name"));  
       HStrList.push_back(QString("id"));  
       HStrList.push_back(QString("age"));  
       HStrList.push_back(QString("sex"));  
       HStrList.push_back(QString("department"));  
         
     
       //设置行列数(只有列存在的前提下，才可以设置列标签)  
       int HlableCnt = HStrList.count();  
       ui.qtablewidget->setRowCount(10);  
       ui.qtablewidget->setColumnCount(HlableCnt);  
     
       //设置列标签  
       ui.qtablewidget->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(HStrList);

十五、设置行和列的大小设为与内容相匹配

1. ui.qtablewidget->resizeColumnsToContents();    
   ui.qtablewidget->resizeRowsToContents();

十六、设置字体

1. ui.qtablewidget->setFont(font);   //设置字体

十七、获取某一单元格的内容

1. QString strText = ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->text();

3、QTableWidget美化

QSS样式表（根据需求修改颜色）：

1. QTableWidget  
   {  
   background: rgb(56,56,56);  
   alternate-background-color:rgb(48,51,55);  
   selection-background-color:qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(56,56,56),stop:1 rgb(66,66,66));  
   }

1. QHeaderView::section  
   {  
   background-color: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(46,46,46),stop:1 rgb(56,56,56));  
   color: rgb(210,210,210);  
   padding-left: 4px;border: 1px solid #383838;  
   }

1. QScrollBar:vertical  
   {  
   border: 0px solid grey;  
   background: transparent;  
   width: 15px;  
   margin: 22px 0 22px 0;  
   }  
   QScrollBar::handle:vertical  
   {  
   background: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:1, y2:0, stop:0 rgb(46,46,46),stop:1 rgb(66,66,66));  
   min-height: 20px;  
   }  
   QScrollBar::add-line:vertical  
   {  
   border: 0px solid grey;  
   background: rgb(66,66,66);  
   height: 20px;  
   subcontrol-position: bottom;  
   subcontrol-origin: margin;  
   }  
   QScrollBar::sub-line:vertical  
   {  
   border: 0px solid grey;  
   background: rgb(56,56,56);  
   height: 20px;  
   subcontrol-position: top;  
   subcontrol-origin: margin;  
   }  
   QScrollBar::up-arrow:vertical, QScrollBar::down-arrow:vertical  
   {  
   border: 0px solid grey;  
   width: 3px;  
   height: 3px;  
   background: rgb(46,46,46);  
   }  
   QScrollBar::add-page:vertical, QScrollBar::sub-page:vertical  
   {  
   background: none;  
   }

四、总结

（1）源码中绝大部分的功能都没实现，Table也没进行完整的封装，可根据自己的需求修改代码。
（2）本代码的总结参考了网友的博客，在此感谢。

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