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Struts2 Framework 04 Streben und Federintegration

PHP中文网Original: 2017-07-09 18:12:461067Durchsuche

Inhaltsverzeichnis

　1Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen Servlet und Filter

　2 Zeichenkodierung im Speicher

　3 Funktionen von GBK und UTF-8

　4 Integration von Streben und Feder

　5 Integrationsschritte von Streben und Feder

　6 Die Verwendung von springIOC in Aktionsklassen

　7 Anmerkungsüberprüfung

1 Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen Servlet und Filter

　1.1 Ähnlichkeiten

　Filter kann anstelle von Servlet verwendet werden, aber einige Funktionen im Filter können nicht durch Servlet realisiert werden, während alle Funktionen des Servlets durch Filter realisiert werden können

　1.2 Unterschiede

　1.2.1 Konzept

　Servlet ist ein Programm, das auf der Serverseite ausgeführt wird und dynamisch Webseiten

generiert

　　Filter ist ein Teil des Codes, der wiederverwendet werden kann , keine Anfragen und Antworten generieren kann, aber Antworten und Anfragen entsprechend verarbeiten kann 　1.2.2 Lebenszyklus

　Servlet verwendet den Konstruktor

, um das

Servlet zu instanziieren, wenn der Webserver startet oder der Webserver die erste Anfrage empfängt, und ruft dann die Init-Methode zum Initialisieren und bei jeder weiteren Anfrage auf Ruft die Methode doGet oder doPost zur Verarbeitung auf; beim Schließen des Servers wird die Methode destroy aufgerufen, um die -Instanz zu zerstören 　　Filter verwendet den Konstruktor

, um

Filter zu instanziieren, wenn der Webserver startet, ruft dann die Init-Methode auf, um initialisieren, und jede nachfolgende Anfrage ruft die doFilter-Methode auf Rufen Sie beim Verarbeiten und Herunterfahren des Servers die Zerstörungsmethode auf, um die -Instanz zu zerstören
　1.2.3 Verschiedene Typen

Servlet ist eine Klasse und Filter ist eine Schnittstelle

　1.3 Programmierimplementierung von Servlet und Filter　

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.IOException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.PrintWriter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Servlet implementation class DemoServlet
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>  <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> DemoServlet <span style="color: #0000ff">extends</span><span style="color: #000000"> HttpServlet {
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">long</span> serialVersionUID = 1L<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> DemoServlet() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">();
</span><span style="color: #008080">22</span>         System.out.println("01 利用构造器实例化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">23</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">25</span> <span style="color: #000000">    @Override
</span><span style="color: #008080">26</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> init() <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">27</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">.init();
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span>         System.out.println("02 利用init方法初始化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">30</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">31</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">32</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
</span><span style="color: #008080">33</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">34</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException, IOException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">35</span>         System.out.println("03 调用处理方法"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">36</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">37</span>         response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"); <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 设置消息头部分信息</span>
<span style="color: #008080">38</span>         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">39</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">40</span>         PrintWriter out =<span style="color: #000000"> response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">41</span>         out.println("hello servlet"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">42</span> <span style="color: #000000">        out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">43</span> <span style="color: #000000">    } 
</span><span style="color: #008080">44</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">45</span> <span style="color: #000000">    @Override
</span><span style="color: #008080">46</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> destroy() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">47</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">.destroy();
</span><span style="color: #008080">48</span>         System.out.println("04 利用destroy方法销毁"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">49</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">50</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">51</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">52</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
</span><span style="color: #008080">53</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">54</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException, IOException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">55</span>         <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
<span style="color: #008080">56</span> <span style="color: #000000">        doGet(request, response);
</span><span style="color: #008080">57</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">58</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">59</span> }

DemoServlet

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.IOException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.PrintWriter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.Filter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.FilterChain;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletException;
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Servlet Filter implementation class DemoFilter
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>  <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> DemoFilter <span style="color: #0000ff">implements</span><span style="color: #000000"> Filter {
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * Default constructor. 
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> DemoFilter() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">23</span>         System.out.println("01 利用构造器实例化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">25</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">26</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#init(FilterConfig)
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> init(FilterConfig fConfig) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">30</span>         System.out.println("02 利用init方法初始化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">31</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">32</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">33</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">34</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
</span><span style="color: #008080">35</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">36</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> IOException, ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">37</span>         System.out.println("03 调用处理方法"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">38</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">39</span>         HttpServletResponse response =<span style="color: #000000"> (HttpServletResponse)resp;
</span><span style="color: #008080">40</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">41</span>         response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">42</span>         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">43</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">44</span>         PrintWriter out =<span style="color: #000000"> response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">45</span>         out.println("hello filter"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">46</span> <span style="color: #000000">        out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">47</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">48</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">49</span>     <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">50</span> <span style="color: #008000">     * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#destroy()
</span><span style="color: #008080">51</span>      <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">52</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> destroy() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">53</span>         System.out.println("04 利用destroy方法销毁"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">54</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">55</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">56</span> }

DemoFilter

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">web-app </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee "</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> id</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="WebApp_ID"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="2.5"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">display-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servletVsFilter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">display-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file-list</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.html<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.htm<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.jsp<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.html<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.htm<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.jsp<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file-list</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu.DemoServlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">16</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>/servlet.do<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">21</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>filter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">23</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu.DemoFilter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">24</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">25</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">26</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>filter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>/filter.do<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">28</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">web-app</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

web.xml

项目结构图

servlet效果图

filter效果图

2 为什么对内存中的字符进行编码

　　字符在服务器内存中是16位的char,网络传输的单位是8为的byte，我们必须对数据进行拆分才能够进行传输，拆分的过程我们叫做编码

3 描述一下GBK和UTF-8的特点

　　utf-8是国际化的最优编码方案，包括了所有的字符，中文占3字节
　　gbk是本土化的最优编码方案，包含的字符较少，中文占2字节

4 struts2 和 spring 整合

　　4.1 为什么要进行整合

　　　　使用spring框架管理组件，实现注入，简化代码

　　4.2 怎么整合

　　　　导包（struts2 - spring - plugin）

　　　　配置文件（web.xml spring-struts.xml）

　　　　struts.xml配置文件

5 利用 struts + spring 实现 hello world 案例

　　5.1 导包

　　　　struts2核心包、struts和spring的整合插件包

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">project </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 "</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">modelVersion</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>4.0.0<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">modelVersion</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>ssh02<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">packaging</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>war<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">packaging</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>org.apache.struts<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>struts2-core<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>2.3.8<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>org.apache.struts<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>struts2-spring-plugin<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">16</span>           <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>2.3.8<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>       <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span>   <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">project</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

maven依赖文件代码

　　5.2 配置web.xml

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee " version="2.5">
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>   <display-name>ssh02</display-name>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>   <welcome-file-list>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>     <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>     <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.html</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>     <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.htm</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>     <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.jsp</welcome-file>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span>   </welcome-file-list>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>   <!--<span style="color: #000000"> 配置spring监听
</span><span style="color: #008080">14</span>               目的：容器启动时自动加载一下东西到缓存中 -->
<span style="color: #008080">15</span>   <listener>
<span style="color: #008080">16</span>       <listener-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>   </listener>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>   <!-- 配置Spring配置文件的位置 -->
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>   <context-param>
<span style="color: #008080">21</span>       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>       <param-value>classpath:spring_*.xml</param-value>
<span style="color: #008080">23</span>   </context-param>
<span style="color: #008080">24</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">25</span>   <!-- 配置主控制器和过滤条件 -->
<span style="color: #008080">26</span>   <filter>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span>       <filter-name>mvc</filter-name>
<span style="color: #008080">28</span>       <filter-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span>   </filter>
<span style="color: #008080">30</span>   <filter-mapping>
<span style="color: #008080">31</span>       <filter-name>mvc</filter-name>
<span style="color: #008080">32</span>       <url-pattern><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000"></url-pattern>
</span><span style="color: #008080">33</span> <span style="color: #008000">  </filter-mapping>
</span><span style="color: #008080">34</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">35</span>   
<span style="color: #008080">36</span> <span style="color: #008000"></web-app></span>

web.xml配置文件源代码

　　　　5.2.1 配置spring监听

　　　　　　所需类的位置

　　　　5.2.2 配置Spring配置文件的位置

　　　　　　配置文件所处位置

　　　　5.2.3 配置主控制器和过滤条件

　　　　　　所需类的位置

　　5.3 配置spring_context.xml

　　　　只需要在里面配置组件扫描即可

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">beans </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:context</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:jdbc</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:jee</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:tx</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:aop</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:mvc</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:util</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xmlns:jpa</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
</span><span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">19</span>     <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> 配置组件扫描 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">context:component-scan </span><span style="color: #ff0000">base-package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="cn.xiangxu"</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">/></span>
<span style="color: #008080">21</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">22</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">beans</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

spring配置文件代码

　　5.4 配置struts.xml

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">package </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> namespace</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="/test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> extends</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="struts-default"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> namespace是配置访问路径，extends是配置继承默认struts文件 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">action </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="demo"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="cn.xiangxu.TestAction"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> name是配置访问网名，class是配置action类 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">result </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="success"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">                /WEB-INF/jsp/msg.jsp
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">result</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

struts配置文件

　　5.5 编写action类

<span style="color: #008080">1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080">2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestAction {
</span><span style="color: #008080">4</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> String execute() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">5</span>         System.out.println("struts整合spring"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">6</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> "success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">7</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">8</span> }

action类代码

　　5.6 编写所需的JSP文件

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">%@ page </span><span style="color: #ff0000">language</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="java"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> contentType</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="text/html; charset=utf-8"</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #ff0000">    pageEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="utf-8"</span><span style="color: #ff0000">%</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">html</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">head</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">meta </span><span style="color: #ff0000">http-equiv</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="Content-Type"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> content</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">title</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>test<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">title</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">head</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">h2</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>恭喜你，struts整合spring成功！<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">h2</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">html</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

jsp文件代码

　　项目结构图

6 struts整合spring后就可以使用springIOC啦

　　例如：持久层的action类中通过依赖注入服务层的类，从而就可以使用服务层的相关属性和方法啦

　　6.1 案例改进所需的业务层类

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.service;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #000000">@Service
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestService {
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> test() {
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         System.out.println("我是业务层的数据哟。"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> }

增加的service类代码

　　6.2 案例改进一

　　　　在action类上添加@Controller注解，这样spring容器就会自动给其增加一个bean

　　　　在action类上添加@Scope("prototype")注解，这样就能让每一个请求都有一个action处理类，如果不写就是所有的请求公用一个action处理类（即：默认时使用单例模式）

　　　　在action类中依赖注入业务层，从而实现控制反转

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.action;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.annotation.Resource;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.service.TestService;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> 
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">@Controller
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> @Scope("prototype"<span style="color: #000000">)
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestAction {
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     @Resource(name="testService"<span style="color: #000000">)
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">private</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestService testService;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">17</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> String execute() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span>         System.out.println("struts整合spring"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #000000">        testService.test();
</span><span style="color: #008080">20</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> "success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #000000">    }
</span><span style="color: #008080">22</span> }

action类改进

　　6.3 案例改进二

　　　　struts中的action标签中的class属性值可以用相应bean的id代替

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff">    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> 
<span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">package </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> namespace</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="/test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> extends</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="struts-default"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> namespace是配置访问路径，extends是配置继承默认struts文件 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">action </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="demo"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="testAction"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> name是配置访问网名，class是配置action类 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">result </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="success"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">                /WEB-INF/jsp/msg.jsp
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">result</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">13</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>     
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>

sturts配置文件代码改进

7 Anmerkungsüberprüfung

　@Component@Controller@Service@Repository

@Resource@Scope

@Component Universal-Tag (nicht empfohlen, kann von Anfängern verwendet werden, [kann während der AOP-Programmierung verwendet werden])

Format 1: @Controller("angegebene ID")

Format 2: @Controller Bei dieser Methode wird die Standard-ID verwendet, also der Wert nach dem Klassennamen in Kleinbuchstaben
@Controller wirkt auf der Steuerungsebene
@Service Wirkt auf der Geschäftsschicht
@Repository wirkt auf der Persistenzschicht

@Scope vermeidet Thread-Sicherheitsprobleme und gibt den Wert als „Prototyp“ an, sodass jede Anfrage einer Aktionsverarbeitungsklasse entspricht; geschrieben, es wird ein Singleton-Modus sein (d. h.: Alle Anfragen entsprechen einer Aktionsverarbeitungsklasse)

Format: @Scope("prototype")

　@Ressourcendeklaration während der Abhängigkeitsinjektion

Format: @Resource(name="Abhängigkeitsinjektions-ID")

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