Heim > Artikel > Web-Frontend > Detaillierte Einführung in Webpack
Webpack ist ein Front-End-Tool, mit dem jedes Modul geladen, vorverarbeitet und verpackt werden kann. Es verfügt über alle Grundfunktionen von Grunt oder Gulp.
Ich habe vorher gulp verwendet, um das CSS und das JS der Seite zu komprimieren, aber es ist zu trivial und mühsam, es zu importieren die Sass-Datei direkt in Sass. Fehler gemeldet (ich weiß nicht, was los ist)
Was mich am Webpack reizt: Modularität, On-Demand-Laden, CSS-Komprimierung, Inline-Stile, und unabhängige Stile. js komprimieren, Seite komprimieren
Referenzartikel: (Version 1.0)
Lernvideo: (Version 1.0)
Webpack-Version 2.0 selbst installieren (einige Dinge müssen beachtet werden)
Testknoten und npm installieren
1 $ node -v2 v6.11.0
$ npm -v3.10.10
Erstellen Sie einen neuen Ordner Webpack, geben Sie das Projektverzeichnis Webpack ein, installieren Sie es:
1, verwenden Sie npm init -y, um die Datei package.json zu generieren
npm init -y
2, Webpack installieren (es scheint, dass Webpack global installiert wird, Sie können Webpack zum Verpacken direkt in der Befehlszeile eingeben)
//全局安装 npm install -g webpack //安装到你的项目目录 npm install --save-dev webpack
Die Test-Webpack-Version ist: $ webpack -v 2.6.1
Dies wird in der Datei package.json konfiguriert
"scripts": {"build": "webpack --profile --progress --colors --display-error-details","dev": "webpack --display-modules --profile --progress --colors --display-error-details","dev-hrm": "webpack-dev-server --config" },
Farbausgabeergebnisse sind farbig, zum Beispiel: Längere Schritte werden in Rot angezeigt
Profilausgabeleistungsdaten, Sie können den Zeitaufwand erkennen jedes Schritts
progress gibt den aktuellen Kompilierungsfortschritt aus, dargestellt in Prozentform
display-modules Standardmäßig die Module unter node_modules wird ausgeblendet. Durch Hinzufügen dieses Parameters können diese ausgeblendeten Module angezeigt werden
display-error-details detaillierte Fehlerinformationen ausgeben
webpack-dev-server aktiviert das Hot-Update
Weitere Informationen finden Sie auf der offiziellen Website-Cli
// 开发模式npm run dev// 热更新模式npm run dev-hrm// 发布模式npm run build
2. Konfiguration
module.exports = {Haupt: "./src/app.js?1.1.11",
} ,
//
Die einzige Eintragsdatei, die es gab oft erwähnt
+ "/dist",filename: "js/[name].js?1.1.11",
HtmlWebpackPlugin
npm install --save-dev html-webpack-plugin
plugins:[new htmlWebpackPlugin({ filename:'index.html', template:'index.html', inject:'body', title:'首页', }), ]
Loader
Loader sind eine der aufregendsten Funktionen im Webpack. Durch die Verwendung verschiedener Loader kann Webpack Dateien in verschiedenen Formaten verarbeiten, indem es externe Skripte oder Tools aufruft, z. B. JSON-Dateien analysieren und in JavaScript-Dateien konvertieren oder JS-Dateien der nächsten Generation (ES6, ES7) in eine JS-Datei konvertieren, die moderne Browser verwenden erkennen kann. Mit anderen Worten: Für die React-Entwicklung können geeignete Loader die JSX-Dateien von React in JS-Dateien konvertieren.
Loader müssen separat installiert und unter dem Schlüsselwort<br/>unter webpack.config.js konfiguriert werden. Die Konfigurationsoptionen von Loadern umfassen die folgenden Aspekte:
modules
<br/>
test
loader
include/exclude
: Zusätzliche Einstellungsmöglichkeiten für Loader bereitstellen (optional)
Babelquery
JavaScript-Standards der nächsten Generation (ES6, ES7), die derzeit von aktuellen Browsern nicht vollständig unterstützt werden
<br/>
// npm一次性安装多个依赖模块,模块之间用空格隔开npm install --save-dev babel-core babel-loader babel-preset-es2015 babel-preset-react
CSS, CSS-Präprozessor
{ test: /\.js$/, loader: 'babel-loader', include: path.resolve(__dirname,'src'), exclude: path.resolve(__dirname,'node_modules'), query:{ presets:["es2015"] } }
npm install --save-dev style-loader css-loader
{ test:/\.css$/, loader: [ 'style-loader', { loader: 'css-loader', options: { importLoaders: 1 } }, 'postcss-loader'] }
package.json:
{ "name": "webpack", "version": "1.0.0", "main": "index.js?1.1.11", "scripts": {"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1","webpack": "webpack --config webpack.config.js --progress --display-module --colors" }, "keywords": [], "author": "", "license": "ISC", "devDependencies": {"autoprefixer": "^7.1.1","babel-core": "^6.25.0","babel-loader": "^7.0.0","babel-preset-es2015": "^6.24.1","babel-preset-latest": "^6.24.1","babel-preset-react": "^6.24.1","css-loader": "^0.28.4","file-loader": "^0.11.2","html-loader": "^0.4.5","html-minify-loader": "^1.1.0","html-webpack-plugin": "^2.28.0","image-webpack-loader": "^3.3.1","less": "^2.7.2","less-loader": "^4.0.4","postcss-loader": "^2.0.5","style-loader": "^0.18.2","url-loader": "^0.5.9","webpack": "^2.6.1" }, "dependencies": {"acorn": "^5.0.3","acorn-dynamic-import": "^2.0.2","ajv": "^4.11.8","anymatch": "^1.3.0","align-text": "^0.1.4","arr-diff": "^2.0.0","arr-flatten": "^1.0.3","array-unique": "^0.2.1","arrify": "^1.0.1","asn1.js?1.1.11": "^4.9.1","async": "^2.4.1","async-each": "^1.0.1","balanced-match": "^1.0.0","base64-js": "^1.2.0","binary-extensions": "^1.8.0","bn.js?1.1.11": "^4.11.6","brace-expansion": "^1.1.8","braces": "^1.8.5","brorand": "^1.1.0","browserify-aes": "^1.0.6","browserify-cipher": "^1.0.0","browserify-des": "^1.0.0","browserify-sign": "^4.0.4","browserify-zlib": "^0.1.4","buffer": "^4.9.1","buffer-xor": "^1.0.3","builtin-modules": "^1.1.1","builtin-status-codes": "^3.0.0","camelcase": "^3.0.0","center-align": "^0.1.3","chokidar": "^1.7.0","cipher-base": "^1.0.3","co": "^4.6.0","cliui": "^3.2.0","browserify-rsa": "^4.0.1","code-point-at": "^1.1.0","assert": "^1.4.1","concat-map": "^0.0.1","console-browserify": "^1.1.0","constants-browserify": "^1.0.0","create-hmac": "^1.1.6","create-ecdh": "^4.0.0","crypto-browserify": "^3.11.0","create-hash": "^1.1.3","date-now": "^0.1.4","decamelize": "^1.2.0","des.js?1.1.11": "^1.0.0","diffie-hellman": "^5.0.2","domain-browser": "^1.1.7","elliptic": "^6.4.0","enhanced-resolve": "^3.1.0","errno": "^0.1.4","events": "^1.1.1","error-ex": "^1.3.1","expand-brackets": "^0.1.5","expand-range": "^1.8.2","extglob": "^0.3.2","filename-regex": "^2.0.1","fill-range": "^2.2.3","find-up": "^1.1.2","for-own": "^0.1.5","evp_bytestokey": "^1.0.0","get-caller-file": "^1.0.2","fsevents": "^1.1.1","glob-base": "^0.3.0","for-in": "^1.0.2","glob-parent": "^2.0.0","graceful-fs": "^4.1.11","has-flag": "^1.0.0","hash.js?1.1.11": "^1.0.3","hash-base": "^2.0.2","hmac-drbg": "^1.0.1","hosted-git-info": "^2.4.2","html-webpack-plugin": "^2.28.0","https-browserify": "^0.0.1","ieee754": "^1.1.8","ajv-keywords": "^1.5.1","indexof": "^0.0.1","invert-kv": "^1.0.0","interpret": "^1.0.3","is-arrayish": "^0.2.1","is-binary-path": "^1.0.1","is-buffer": "^1.1.5","is-dotfile": "^1.0.3","is-builtin-module": "^1.0.0","is-equal-shallow": "^0.1.3","is-extendable": "^0.1.1","is-extglob": "^1.0.0","is-fullwidth-code-point": "^1.0.0","is-glob": "^2.0.1","is-number": "^3.0.0","is-posix-bracket": "^0.1.1","is-primitive": "^2.0.0","is-utf8": "^0.2.1","json-loader": "^0.5.4","json-stable-stringify": "^1.0.1","jsonify": "^0.0.0","kind-of": "^4.0.0","isobject": "^2.1.0","lazy-cache": "^1.0.4","lcid": "^1.0.0","load-json-file": "^1.1.0","loader-runner": "^2.3.0","longest": "^1.0.1","micromatch": "^2.3.11","memory-fs": "^0.4.1","minimalistic-assert": "^1.0.0","miller-rabin": "^4.0.0","minimalistic-crypto-utils": "^1.0.1","minimatch": "^3.0.4","mkdirp": "^0.5.1","minimist": "^0.0.8","node-libs-browser": "^2.0.0","normalize-path": "^2.1.1","object.omit": "^2.0.1","number-is-nan": "^1.0.1","os-browserify": "^0.2.1","os-locale": "^1.4.0","normalize-package-data": "^2.3.8","pako": "^0.2.9","parse-asn1": "^5.1.0","parse-glob": "^3.0.4","parse-json": "^2.2.0","path-browserify": "^0.0.0","path-exists": "^2.1.0","path-type": "^1.1.0","pbkdf2": "^3.0.12","pify": "^2.3.0","path-is-absolute": "^1.0.1","pinkie": "^2.0.4","pinkie-promise": "^2.0.1","preserve": "^0.2.0","process": "^0.11.10","process-nextick-args": "^1.0.7","prr": "^0.0.0","public-encrypt": "^4.0.0","punycode": "^1.4.1","querystring": "^0.2.0","querystring-es3": "^0.2.1","randomatic": "^1.1.7","randombytes": "^2.0.5","read-pkg": "^1.1.0","read-pkg-up": "^1.0.1","readdirp": "^2.1.0","regex-cache": "^0.4.3","repeat-element": "^1.1.2","repeat-string": "^1.6.1","require-directory": "^2.1.1","right-align": "^0.1.3","require-main-filename": "^1.0.1","remove-trailing-separator": "^1.0.2","safe-buffer": "^5.1.0","ripemd160": "^2.0.1","semver": "^5.3.0","set-immediate-shim": "^1.0.1","set-blocking": "^2.0.0","setimmediate": "^1.0.5","sha.js?1.1.11": "^2.4.8","source-list-map": "^1.1.2","spdx-correct": "^1.0.2","spdx-license-ids": "^1.2.2","stream-browserify": "^2.0.1","spdx-expression-parse": "^1.0.4","stream-http": "^2.7.1","string-width": "^1.0.2","strip-bom": "^2.0.0","supports-color": "^3.2.3","timers-browserify": "^2.0.2","tapable": "^0.2.6","to-arraybuffer": "^1.0.1","tty-browserify": "^0.0.0","uglify-to-browserify": "^1.0.2","util": "^0.10.3","url": "^0.11.0","validate-npm-package-license": "^3.0.1","util-deprecate": "^1.0.2","vm-browserify": "^0.0.4","watchpack": "^1.3.1","webpack-sources": "^0.2.3","webpack": "^2.6.1","which-module": "^1.0.0","window-size": "^0.1.0","wordwrap": "^0.0.2","wrap-ansi": "^2.1.0","xtend": "^4.0.1","y18n": "^3.2.1","yargs": "^6.6.0","yargs-parser": "^4.2.1" }, "description": ""}
webpack.config.js
var htmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');var path = require('path'); module.exports = { entry:{ main:"./src/app.js?1.1.11", } , output:{ path:__dirname+'/dist', filename:'js/[name].bundle.js',//publicPath:'http://hotdeals.com/' }, module:{ loaders:[ { test: /\.js$/, loader: 'babel-loader', include: path.resolve(__dirname,'src'), exclude: path.resolve(__dirname,'node_modules'), query:{ presets:["es2015"] } },{ test:/\.html/, loader:'html-loader' }, { test:/\.css$/, loader: [ 'style-loader', { loader: 'css-loader', options: { importLoaders: 1 } }, 'postcss-loader'] },{ test:/\.less$/, loader:'style-loader!css-loader!postcss-loader!less-loader' }, { test:/\.(jpe?g|png|gif|svg)$/i, loaders:[ 'file-loader?limit=200&name=assets/[name]-[hash:5].[ext]', { loader: 'image-webpack-loader', query: { progressive: true, optimizationLevel: 7, interlaced: false, pngquant: { quality: '65-90', speed: 4 } } } ], }, ] }, plugins:[new htmlWebpackPlugin({ filename:'index.html', template:'index.html', inject:'body', title:'首页', }), ] }
postcss.config.js(webpack2.0使用css添加前缀,看官网更好)
module.exports = { plugins: {'autoprefixer': {}, } }
项目文件:
index.html
76c82f278ac045591c9159d381de2c57 9fd01892b579bba0c343404bcccd70fb 93f0f5c25f18dab9d176bd4f6de5d30e a80eb7cbb6fff8b0ff70bae37074b813 b2386ffb911b14667cb8f0f91ea547a7b117db1e758d052658df59e7f5f7bf5b6e916e0f7d1e588d4f442bf645aedb2f 9c3bca370b5104690d9ef395f2c5f8d1 6c04bd5ca3fcae76e30b72ad730ca86d 14b906b21af908553f6b091b3cf91e7c ab509c080ec9f7ec77efedb1cdcd4bed16b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68 b343057c359ec3a6597b96697625e2ae 36cc49f0c466276486e50c850b7e4956 73a6ac4ed44ffec12cee46588e518a5e
app.js
import './css/common.css'; import Layer from './components/layer/layer.js'; const App = function(){var dom = document.getElementById('app');var lay = new Layer(); dom.innerHTML=lay.tpl; }new App();
layer.js
import './layer.less'import tpl from './layer.html'function layer(){return { name:'layer', tpl: tpl } } export default layer;
Das obige ist der detaillierte Inhalt vonDetaillierte Einführung in Webpack. Für weitere Informationen folgen Sie bitte anderen verwandten Artikeln auf der PHP chinesischen Website!