Windows 10 – Detaillierte Einführung in Steuerelemente (Sammlungsklassen)

Beispiel

1. ItemsControl anpassen (GirdView so anpassen, dass jedes Element eine andere Größe des Platzes einnimmt)
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemsControlDemo.xaml

<Pagex:Class="Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo.MyItemsControlDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:local="using:Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"mc:Ignorable="d"><Page.Resources><DataTemplate x:Key="ItemTemplate"><Grid Background="{Binding ColorValue}"><Grid Background="Black" VerticalAlignment="Top" Opacity="0.7"><TextBlock Text="{Binding ColorName}" /></Grid></Grid></DataTemplate><Style x:Key="ItemContainerStyle" TargetType="GridViewItem"><Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch" /><Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch" /><Setter Property="Margin" Value="0" /><Setter Property="Padding" Value="0" /></Style><ItemsPanelTemplate x:Key="ItemsPanel"><VariableSizedWrapGrid MaximumRowsOrColumns="8" Orientation="Horizontal" ItemWidth="100" ItemHeight="100"  /></ItemsPanelTemplate></Page.Resources><Grid Background="Transparent" Margin="10 0 10 10"><!--使用 MyGridView 控件，其重写了 GridView 的 PrepareContainerForItemOverride() 方法，详见 MyGridView.cs--><local:MyGridView x:Name="gridView" Width="812" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Left"  ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ItemTemplate}"  ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource ItemContainerStyle}"  ItemsPanel="{StaticResource ItemsPanel}" 
                          IsItemClickEnabled="False" 
                          SelectionMode="None"></local:MyGridView></Grid></Page>

Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemsControlDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * ItemsControl - 集合控件（继承自 Control, 请参见 /Controls/BaseControl/ControlDemo/）
 *     protected virtual void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item); - 为 item 准备 container 时
 *         element - item 的 container
 *         item - item
 *         
 * 
 * 本例用于演示如何使 GirdView 中的每个 item 占用不同大小的空间
 * 1、布局控件要使用 VariableSizedWrapGrid（利用其 RowSpan 和 ColumnSpan 来实现 item 占用不同大小的空间），需要注意的是其并非是虚拟化布局控件
 * 2、自定义 GridView，并重写 ItemsControl 的 protected override void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item) 方法
 *    然后设置每个 item 的 VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpan 和 VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpan */using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using Windows.UI;using Windows.UI.Xaml;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;using System.Reflection;namespace Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo
{public sealed partial class MyItemsControlDemo : Page
    {public MyItemsControlDemo()
        {this.InitializeComponent();
   
            BindData();
        }private void BindData()
        {
            Random random = new Random();// 获取 Windows.UI.Colors 的全部数据Type type = typeof(Colors);
            List<ColorModel> colors = type.GetRuntimeProperties() // GetRuntimeProperties() 在 System.Reflection 命名空间下.Select(c => new ColorModel
                {
                    ColorName = c.Name,
                    ColorValue = new SolidColorBrush((Color)c.GetValue(null)),
                    ColSpan = random.Next(1, 3), // 此对象所占网格的列合并数RowSpan = random.Next(1, 3) // 此对象所占网格的行合并数                })
                .ToList();// 绑定数据gridView.ItemsSource = colors;
        }
    }/// <summary>/// 用于数据绑定的对象/// </summary>public class ColorModel
    {public string ColorName { get; set; }public SolidColorBrush ColorValue { get; set; }// 此对象所占的网格的列合并数public int ColSpan { get; set; }// 此对象所占的网格的行合并数public int RowSpan { get; set; }
    }/// <summary>/// 自定义 GridView，重写 ItemsControl 的 protected override void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item) 方法/// 用于指定 GridView 的每个 item 所占网格的列合并数和行合并数/// </summary>public class MyGridView : GridView
    {protected override void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item)
        {try{// 设置每个 item 的 VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpan 和 VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpan, 从而实现每个 item 占用不同大小的空间// 仅为演示用，由于这里的 ColSpan 和 RowSpan 都是随机计算的，所以可能会出现空白空间dynamic dynamicItem = item;
                element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpanProperty, dynamicItem.ColSpan);
                element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpanProperty, dynamicItem.RowSpan);
            }catch (Exception ex)
            {var ignore = ex;// 当有异常情况发生时（比如：item 没有 ColSpan 属性或 RowSpan 属性）element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpanProperty, 1);
                element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpanProperty, 1);
            }finally{base.PrepareContainerForItemOverride(element, item);
            }
        }
    }
}

2. Passen Sie ContentPresenter an, um ähnliche Effekte wie GridViewItemPresenter und ListViewItemPresenter zu erzielen
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemPresenter.cs

/*
 * 自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果 */using System;using Windows.Foundation;using Windows.UI;using Windows.UI.Xaml;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Animation;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Shapes;namespace Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo
{class MyItemPresenter : ContentPresenter
    {
        Panel _container = null; // item 的容器（即在 DataTemplate 中定义的根元素，在示例 MyItemPresenterDemo.xaml 中用的是 Grid）Rectangle _pointerOverBorder = null; // 鼠标经过 item 时覆盖在 item 上的 rectangleRectangle _focusVisual = null; // 选中 item 时覆盖在 item 上的 rectangleStoryboard _pointerDownStoryboard = null; // 鼠标按下时的动画Storyboard _pointerUpStoryboard = null; // 鼠标抬起时的动画public MyItemPresenter()
            : base()
        {base.Margin = new Thickness(10);
        }// override OnApplyTemplate() - 应用控件模板时调用protected override void OnApplyTemplate()
        {base.OnApplyTemplate();

            _container = (Panel)VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(this, 0);
        }// override GoToElementStateCore() - VisualState 转换时调用（此方法仅在自定义 ContentPresenter 并将其应用于 GridView 或 ListView 的 ItemContainerStyle 时才会被调用）//     stateName - VisualState 的名字//     useTransitions - 是否使用 VisualTransition 过渡效果protected override bool GoToElementStateCore(string stateName, bool useTransitions)
        {base.GoToElementStateCore(stateName, useTransitions);switch (stateName)
            {// 正常状态case "Normal":
                    HidePointerOverVisuals();
                    HideFocusVisuals();if (useTransitions)
                    {
                        StopPointerDownAnimation();
                    }break;// 选中状态case "Selected":case "PointerFocused":
                    ShowFocusVisuals();if (useTransitions)
                    {
                        StopPointerDownAnimation();
                    }break;// 取消选中状态case "Unfocused":
                    HideFocusVisuals();break;// 鼠标经过状态case "PointerOver":
                    ShowPointerOverVisuals();if (useTransitions)
                    {
                        StopPointerDownAnimation();
                    }break;// 鼠标点击状态case "Pressed":case "PressedSelected":if (useTransitions)
                    {
                        StartPointerDownAnimation();
                    }break;default: break;
            }return true;
        }private void StartPointerDownAnimation()
        {if (_pointerDownStoryboard == null)
                CreatePointerDownStoryboard();

            _pointerDownStoryboard.Begin();
        }private void StopPointerDownAnimation()
        {if (_pointerUpStoryboard == null)
                CreatePointerUpStoryboard();

            _pointerUpStoryboard.Begin();
        }private void ShowFocusVisuals()
        {if (!FocusElementsAreCreated())
                CreateFocusElements();

            _focusVisual.Opacity = 1;
        }private void HideFocusVisuals()
        {if (FocusElementsAreCreated())
                _focusVisual.Opacity = 0;
        }private void ShowPointerOverVisuals()
        {if (!PointerOverElementsAreCreated())
                CreatePointerOverElements();

            _pointerOverBorder.Opacity = 1;
        }private void HidePointerOverVisuals()
        {if (PointerOverElementsAreCreated())
                _pointerOverBorder.Opacity = 0;
        }private void CreatePointerDownStoryboard()
        {/* * 用这种方式为 item 实现鼠标按下的效果会报错（Attempted to read or write protected memory. This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt.），不知道为什么
             * PointerDownThemeAnimation pointerDownAnimation = new PointerDownThemeAnimation();
             * Storyboard.SetTarget(pointerDownAnimation, _container);
             * Storyboard pointerDownStoryboard = new Storyboard();
             * pointerDownStoryboard.Children.Add(pointerDownAnimation);             */DoubleAnimation da1 = new DoubleAnimation()
            {
                To = 0.9,
                Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100)
            };
            DoubleAnimation da2 = new DoubleAnimation()
            {
                To = 0.9,
                Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100)
            };
            Storyboard.SetTarget(da1, _container);
            Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da1, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)");
            Storyboard.SetTarget(da2, _container);
            Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da2, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)");if (!(_container.RenderTransform is TransformGroup))
            {
                TransformGroup Group = new TransformGroup();
                Group.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform());
                _container.RenderTransform = Group;
                _container.RenderTransformOrigin = new Point(0.5, 0.5);
            }

            _pointerDownStoryboard = new Storyboard();
            _pointerDownStoryboard.Children.Add(da1);
            _pointerDownStoryboard.Children.Add(da2);
            _pointerDownStoryboard.Begin();
        }private void CreatePointerUpStoryboard()
        {
            DoubleAnimation da1 = new DoubleAnimation()
            {
                To = 1,
                Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100)
            };
            DoubleAnimation da2 = new DoubleAnimation()
            {
                To = 1,
                Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100)
            };
            Storyboard.SetTarget(da1, _container);
            Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da1, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)");
            Storyboard.SetTarget(da2, _container);
            Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da2, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)");if (!(_container.RenderTransform is TransformGroup))
            {
                TransformGroup Group = new TransformGroup();
                Group.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform());
                _container.RenderTransform = Group;
                _container.RenderTransformOrigin = new Point(0.5, 0.5);
            }

            _pointerUpStoryboard = new Storyboard();
            _pointerUpStoryboard.Children.Add(da1);
            _pointerUpStoryboard.Children.Add(da2);
            _pointerUpStoryboard.Begin();
        }private void CreatePointerOverElements()
        {
            _pointerOverBorder = new Rectangle();
            _pointerOverBorder.IsHitTestVisible = false;
            _pointerOverBorder.Opacity = 0;// 这里把颜色写死了，仅为演示用，实际写的时候要摘出来写成依赖属性_pointerOverBorder.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50));

            _container.Children.Insert(_container.Children.Count, _pointerOverBorder);
        }private void CreateFocusElements()
        {
            _focusVisual = new Rectangle();
            _focusVisual.IsHitTestVisible = false;
            _focusVisual.Height = 10;
            _focusVisual.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Bottom;// 这里把颜色写死了，仅为演示用，实际写的时候要摘出来写成依赖属性_focusVisual.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x0, 0x0));

            _container.Children.Insert(0, _focusVisual);
        }private bool FocusElementsAreCreated()
        {return _focusVisual != null;
        }private bool PointerOverElementsAreCreated()
        {return _pointerOverBorder != null;
        }
    }
}

Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemPresenterDemo.xaml

<Pagex:Class="Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo.MyItemPresenterDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:local="using:Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"mc:Ignorable="d"><Page.Resources><Style x:Key="MyGridViewItemPresenterTemplate" TargetType="GridViewItem"><Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/><Setter Property="Template"><Setter.Value><ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewItem"><!--自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果--><local:MyItemPresenter /></ControlTemplate></Setter.Value></Setter></Style></Page.Resources><Grid Background="Transparent"><GridView x:Name="gridView" SelectionMode="Single" Margin="10 0 10 10" 
                  ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource MyGridViewItemPresenterTemplate}"><GridView.ItemTemplate><DataTemplate><Grid Height="100" Width="100" Background="Blue"><TextBlock x:Name="lblName" Text="{Binding Name}" Foreground="Yellow" /></Grid></DataTemplate></GridView.ItemTemplate></GridView></Grid></Page>

Controls / CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemPresenterDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 本例用于演示如何自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果 */using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;using Windows10.Common;namespace Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo
{public sealed partial class MyItemPresenterDemo : Page
    {public MyItemPresenterDemo()
        {this.InitializeComponent();
        }protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            gridView.ItemsSource = TestData.GetEmployees();
        }
    }
}

OK
[Quellcode-Download]

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