Heim > Artikel > Backend-Entwicklung > Java&Xml-Tutorial (10) XML als Eigenschaftendatei verwenden
Wir speichern normalerweise die Konfigurationsparameter von Java-Anwendungen in Eigenschaftendateien. Die Eigenschaftendateien von Java-Anwendungen können eine normale Datei sein, die auf Schlüssel-Wert-Paaren mit Eigenschaften als Erweiterung basiert, oder es kann eine XML-Datei sein
Das Folgende ist der Programmcode für den Fall:
PropertyFilesUtil.java
package com.journaldev.util; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.Set; public class PropertyFilesUtil { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String propertyFileName = "DB.properties"; String xmlFileName = "DB.xml"; writePropertyFile(propertyFileName, xmlFileName); readPropertyFile(propertyFileName, xmlFileName); readAllKeys(propertyFileName, xmlFileName); readPropertyFileFromClasspath(propertyFileName); } /** * read property file from classpath * @param propertyFileName * @throws IOException */ private static void readPropertyFileFromClasspath(String propertyFileName) throws IOException { Properties prop = new Properties(); prop.load(PropertyFilesUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(propertyFileName)); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::db.host = "+prop.getProperty("db.host")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::db.user = "+prop.getProperty("db.user")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::db.pwd = "+prop.getProperty("db.pwd")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::XYZ = "+prop.getProperty("XYZ")); } /** * read all the keys from the given property files * @param propertyFileName * @param xmlFileName * @throws IOException */ private static void readAllKeys(String propertyFileName, String xmlFileName) throws IOException { System.out.println("Start of readAllKeys"); Properties prop = new Properties(); FileReader reader = new FileReader(propertyFileName); prop.load(reader); Set<Object> keys= prop.keySet(); for(Object obj : keys){ System.out.println(propertyFileName + ":: Key="+obj.toString()+"::value="+prop.getProperty(obj.toString())); } //loading xml file now, first clear existing properties prop.clear(); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(xmlFileName); prop.loadFromXML(is); keys= prop.keySet(); for(Object obj : keys){ System.out.println(xmlFileName + ":: Key="+obj.toString()+"::value="+prop.getProperty(obj.toString())); } //Now free all the resources is.close(); reader.close(); System.out.println("End of readAllKeys"); } /** * This method reads property files from file system * @param propertyFileName * @param xmlFileName * @throws IOException * @throws FileNotFoundException */ private static void readPropertyFile(String propertyFileName, String xmlFileName) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { System.out.println("Start of readPropertyFile"); Properties prop = new Properties(); FileReader reader = new FileReader(propertyFileName); prop.load(reader); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::db.host = "+prop.getProperty("db.host")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::db.user = "+prop.getProperty("db.user")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::db.pwd = "+prop.getProperty("db.pwd")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::XYZ = "+prop.getProperty("XYZ")); //loading xml file now, first clear existing properties prop.clear(); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(xmlFileName); prop.loadFromXML(is); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::db.host = "+prop.getProperty("db.host")); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::db.user = "+prop.getProperty("db.user")); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::db.pwd = "+prop.getProperty("db.pwd")); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::XYZ = "+prop.getProperty("XYZ")); //Now free all the resources is.close(); reader.close(); System.out.println("End of readPropertyFile"); } /** * This method writes Property files into file system in property file * and xml format * @param fileName * @throws IOException */ private static void writePropertyFile(String propertyFileName, String xmlFileName) throws IOException { System.out.println("Start of writePropertyFile"); Properties prop = new Properties(); prop.setProperty("db.host", "localhost"); prop.setProperty("db.user", "user"); prop.setProperty("db.pwd", "password"); prop.store(new FileWriter(propertyFileName), "DB Config file"); System.out.println(propertyFileName + " written successfully"); prop.storeToXML(new FileOutputStream(xmlFileName), "DB Config XML file"); System.out.println(xmlFileName + " written successfully"); System.out.println("End of writePropertyFile"); } }Wenn dieser Code ausgeführt wird, generiert die Methode writePropertyFile Eigenschaftsdateien in den beiden oben genannten Formaten und speichert die Dateien im Projekt im Stammverzeichnis.
Die beiden von der Methode writePropertyFile generierten Eigenschaftendateiinhalte:
DB.properties
#DB Config file#Fri Nov 16 11:16:37 PST 2012db.user=user db.host=localhost db.pwd=passwordDB.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd"><properties><comment>DB Config XML file</comment> <entry key="db.user">user</entry><entry key="db.host">localhost</entry><entry key="db.pwd">password</entry> </properties>Es ist zu beachten, dass wir die verwenden Kommentarelement
Der zweite Parameter in diesem Code ist der Kommentarinhalt. Wenn null übergeben wird, enthält die generierte XML-Attributdatei kein Kommentarelement. prop.storeToXML(new FileOutputStream(xmlFileName), "DB Config XML file");
Die Konsolenausgabe lautet wie folgt:
Start of writePropertyFile DB.properties written successfully DB.xml written successfully End of writePropertyFile Start of readPropertyFileDB.properties::db.host = localhostDB.properties::db.user = userDB.properties::db.pwd = passwordDB.properties::XYZ = nullDB.xml::db.host = localhostDB.xml::db.user = userDB.xml::db.pwd = passwordDB.xml::XYZ = null End of readPropertyFile Start of readAllKeysDB.properties:: Key=db.user::value=userDB.properties:: Key=db.host::value=localhostDB.properties:: Key=db.pwd::value=passwordDB.xml:: Key=db.user::value=userDB.xml:: Key=db.host::value=localhostDB.xml:: Key=db.pwd::value=password End of readAllKeys Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at java.util.Properties$LineReader.readLine(Properties.java:434) at java.util.Properties.load0(Properties.java:353) at java.util.Properties.load(Properties.java:341) at com.journaldev.util.PropertyFilesUtil.readPropertyFileFromClasspath(PropertyFilesUtil.java:31) at com.journaldev.util.PropertyFilesUtil.main(PropertyFilesUtil.java:21)Hier wird eine Nullzeigerausnahme gemeldet. Der Grund dafür ist, dass die generierte Datei im Stammverzeichnis des Projekts gespeichert und aus dem Klassenpfad gelesen wird . Kopieren Sie die beiden oben generierten Eigenschaftendateien nach src und führen Sie das Programm erneut aus. Wir speichern die Konfigurationsparameter von Java-Anwendungen normalerweise in Eigenschaftendateien. Die Eigenschaftendateien von Java-Anwendungen können eine normale Datei sein, die auf Schlüssel-Wert-Paaren mit Eigenschaften als Erweiterung basiert, oder es kann eine XML-Datei sein. .
In diesem Fall stellen wir vor, wie man Eigenschaftsdateien in diesen beiden Formaten über Java-Programme ausgibt und wie man diese beiden Eigenschaftsdateien aus dem Klassenpfad lädt und verwendet.
Das Folgende ist der Programmcode für den Fall:
PropertyFilesUtil.java
package com.journaldev.util; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.Set; public class PropertyFilesUtil { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String propertyFileName = "DB.properties"; String xmlFileName = "DB.xml"; writePropertyFile(propertyFileName, xmlFileName); readPropertyFile(propertyFileName, xmlFileName); readAllKeys(propertyFileName, xmlFileName); readPropertyFileFromClasspath(propertyFileName); } /** * read property file from classpath * @param propertyFileName * @throws IOException */ private static void readPropertyFileFromClasspath(String propertyFileName) throws IOException { Properties prop = new Properties(); prop.load(PropertyFilesUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(propertyFileName)); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::db.host = "+prop.getProperty("db.host")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::db.user = "+prop.getProperty("db.user")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::db.pwd = "+prop.getProperty("db.pwd")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +" loaded from Classpath::XYZ = "+prop.getProperty("XYZ")); } /** * read all the keys from the given property files * @param propertyFileName * @param xmlFileName * @throws IOException */ private static void readAllKeys(String propertyFileName, String xmlFileName) throws IOException { System.out.println("Start of readAllKeys"); Properties prop = new Properties(); FileReader reader = new FileReader(propertyFileName); prop.load(reader); Set<Object> keys= prop.keySet(); for(Object obj : keys){ System.out.println(propertyFileName + ":: Key="+obj.toString()+"::value="+prop.getProperty(obj.toString())); } //loading xml file now, first clear existing properties prop.clear(); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(xmlFileName); prop.loadFromXML(is); keys= prop.keySet(); for(Object obj : keys){ System.out.println(xmlFileName + ":: Key="+obj.toString()+"::value="+prop.getProperty(obj.toString())); } //Now free all the resources is.close(); reader.close(); System.out.println("End of readAllKeys"); } /** * This method reads property files from file system * @param propertyFileName * @param xmlFileName * @throws IOException * @throws FileNotFoundException */ private static void readPropertyFile(String propertyFileName, String xmlFileName) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { System.out.println("Start of readPropertyFile"); Properties prop = new Properties(); FileReader reader = new FileReader(propertyFileName); prop.load(reader); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::db.host = "+prop.getProperty("db.host")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::db.user = "+prop.getProperty("db.user")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::db.pwd = "+prop.getProperty("db.pwd")); System.out.println(propertyFileName +"::XYZ = "+prop.getProperty("XYZ")); //loading xml file now, first clear existing properties prop.clear(); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(xmlFileName); prop.loadFromXML(is); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::db.host = "+prop.getProperty("db.host")); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::db.user = "+prop.getProperty("db.user")); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::db.pwd = "+prop.getProperty("db.pwd")); System.out.println(xmlFileName +"::XYZ = "+prop.getProperty("XYZ")); //Now free all the resources is.close(); reader.close(); System.out.println("End of readPropertyFile"); } /** * This method writes Property files into file system in property file * and xml format * @param fileName * @throws IOException */ private static void writePropertyFile(String propertyFileName, String xmlFileName) throws IOException { System.out.println("Start of writePropertyFile"); Properties prop = new Properties(); prop.setProperty("db.host", "localhost"); prop.setProperty("db.user", "user"); prop.setProperty("db.pwd", "password"); prop.store(new FileWriter(propertyFileName), "DB Config file"); System.out.println(propertyFileName + " written successfully"); prop.storeToXML(new FileOutputStream(xmlFileName), "DB Config XML file"); System.out.println(xmlFileName + " written successfully"); System.out.println("End of writePropertyFile"); } }Wenn dieser Code ausgeführt wird, generiert die Methode writePropertyFile Eigenschaftsdateien in den beiden oben genannten Formaten und speichert die Dateien im Projekt im Stammverzeichnis.
Die beiden von der Methode writePropertyFile generierten Eigenschaftendateiinhalte:
DB.properties
#DB Config file#Fri Nov 16 11:16:37 PST 2012db.user=user db.host=localhost db.pwd=passwordDB.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM " <properties><comment>DB Config XML file</comment><entry key="db.user">user</entry><entry key="db.host">localhost</entry> <entry key="db.pwd">password</entry></properties>Es ist zu beachten, dass wir die verwenden Kommentarelement
Der zweite Parameter in diesem Code ist der Kommentarinhalt. Wenn null übergeben wird, enthält die generierte XML-Attributdatei kein Kommentarelement. prop.storeToXML(new FileOutputStream(xmlFileName), "DB Config XML file");
Der Inhalt der Konsolenausgabe lautet wie folgt:
Start of writePropertyFile DB.properties written successfully DB.xml written successfully End of writePropertyFile Start of readPropertyFileDB.properties::db.host = localhostDB.properties::db.user = userDB.properties::db.pwd = passwordDB.properties::XYZ = nullDB.xml::db.host = localhostDB.xml::db.user = userDB.xml::db.pwd = passwordDB.xml::XYZ = null End of readPropertyFile Start of readAllKeysDB.properties:: Key=db.user::value=userDB.properties:: Key=db.host::value=localhostDB.properties:: Key=db.pwd::value=passwordDB.xml:: Key=db.user::value=userDB.xml:: Key=db.host::value=localhostDB.xml:: Key=db.pwd::value=password End of readAllKeys Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at java.util.Properties$LineReader.readLine(Properties.java:434) at java.util.Properties.load0(Properties.java:353) at java.util.Properties.load(Properties.java:341) at com.journaldev.util.PropertyFilesUtil.readPropertyFileFromClasspath(PropertyFilesUtil.java:31) at com.journaldev.util.PropertyFilesUtil.main(PropertyFilesUtil.java:21)Das Obige ist der Inhalt von Java&Xml Tutorial (10) XML als Eigenschaftsdatei. Weitere verwandte Inhalte finden Sie auf der chinesischen PHP-Website (www.php.cn)!