Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx

Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品：Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一。能够支持高达50,000个并发连接数的响应，而且内存开销极小。这也是Nginx广受欢迎的重要原因。本文演示了基于Linux 6下编译安装Nginx，供大家参考。

一、安装环境

<code><span># cat /etc/issue</span>
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release <span>6.3</span> (Santiago)
Kernel \r <span><span>on</span><span>an</span> \<span>m</span></span><span># nginx -v</span>
nginx <span>version</span>: nginx/<span>1.8</span><span>.0</span></code>

二、配置安装环境

<code><span>###为简化安装及配置，此处关闭了防火墙，生产环境建议开启</span><span># service iptables stop</span><span># chkconfig iptables off</span><span># vi /etc/selinux/config </span>
SELINUX=disabled

<span>###创建用户及组</span><span>#groupadd -r nginx</span><span>#useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -r nginx</span><span>###安装环境依赖包 http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html</span><span># yum install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++</span></code>

三、编译及安装Nginx

<code># cd /tmp/
# tar -xvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
# cd /nginx-1.8.0
# ./configure                      \
-<span>-prefix=<span>/etc/nginx</span>                                          \
</span>-<span>-sbin-path=<span>/usr/sbin</span><span>/nginx                                  \
</span></span>-<span>-conf-path=<span>/etc/nginx</span><span>/nginx.conf                            \
</span></span>-<span>-error-log-path=<span>/var/log</span><span>/nginx/error</span>.log                    \
</span>-<span>-http-log-path=<span>/var/log</span><span>/nginx/access</span>.log                    \
</span>-<span>-pid-path=<span>/var/run</span><span>/nginx.pid                                \
</span></span>-<span>-lock-path=<span>/var/run</span><span>/nginx.lock                              \
</span></span>-<span>-http-client-body-temp-path=<span>/var/cache</span><span>/nginx/client</span>_temp    \
</span>-<span>-http-proxy-temp-path=<span>/var/cache</span><span>/nginx/proxy</span>_temp           \
</span>-<span>-http-fastcgi-temp-path=<span>/var/cache</span><span>/nginx/fastcgi</span>_temp       \
</span>-<span>-http-uwsgi-temp-path=<span>/var/cache</span><span>/nginx/uwsgi</span>_temp           \
</span>-<span>-http-scgi-temp-path=<span>/var/cache</span><span>/nginx/scgi</span>_temp             \
</span>-<span>-user=nginx                                                 \
</span>-<span>-group=nginx                                                \
</span>-<span>-with-http_ssl_module                                       \
</span>-<span>-with-http_realip_module                                    \
</span>-<span>-with-http_addition_module                                  \
</span>-<span>-with-http_sub_module                                       \
</span>-<span>-with-http_dav_module                                       \
</span>-<span>-with-http_flv_module                                       \
</span>-<span>-with-http_mp4_module                                       \
</span>-<span>-with-http_gunzip_module                                    \
</span>-<span>-with-http_gzip_static_module                               \
</span>-<span>-with-http_random_index_module                              \
</span>-<span>-with-http_secure_link_module                               \
</span>-<span>-with-http_stub_status_module                               \
</span>-<span>-with-http_auth_request_module                              \
</span>-<span>-with-mail                                                  \
</span>-<span>-with-mail_ssl_module                                       \
</span>-<span>-with-file-aio                                              \
</span>-<span>-with-http_spdy_module                                      \
</span>-<span>-with-ipv6                                                  
</span>
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + using system OpenSSL library
  + md5: using OpenSSL library
  + sha1: using OpenSSL library
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/etc/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/sbin/nginx"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/etc/nginx"
  nginx configuration file: "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/client_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp"

###如果apache httpd服务启动，建议先停止或更改端口号
# service httpd stop
# mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/{client_temp,proxy_temp,fastcgi_temp,uwsgi_temp,scgi_temp}
# make && make install

###启动nginx
# /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root      33412      1  0 10:18 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx     33413  33412  0 10:18 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

[root@orasrv1 cache]# netstat -nltp|grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      33412/nginx         
[root@orasrv1 cache]# </code>

四、配置nginx为系统服务

<code>vi /etc/init.d/nginx  

<span>#!/bin/bash</span><span># nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server</span><span># chkconfig: - 85 15</span><span># description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \</span><span>#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server</span><span># Author : Leshami</span><span># Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami           </span><span># processname: nginx</span><span># pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid</span><span># config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf</span><span>#path for nginx binary</span>
nginxd=/usr/sbin/nginx

<span>#path for nginx configuration</span>
nginx_c/nginx/nginx.conf

<span>#path for nginx pid</span>
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
RETVAL=<span>0</span>
prog=<span>"nginx"</span><span># Source function library.</span>
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
<span># Source networking configuration.</span>
. /etc/sysconfig/network
<span># Check that networking is up.</span>
[ <span>${NETWORKING}</span> = <span>"no"</span> ] && <span>exit</span><span>0</span>
[ -x <span>$nginxd</span> ] || <span>exit</span><span>0</span><span># Start nginx daemons functions.</span><span><span>start</span></span>() {
<span>if</span> [ <span>-e</span><span>$nginx_pid</span> ];<span>then</span><span>echo</span><span>"nginx already running...."</span><span>exit</span><span>1</span><span>fi</span><span>echo</span> -n $<span>"Starting <span>$prog</span>: "</span>
   daemon <span>$nginxd</span> -c <span>${nginx_config}</span>
   RETVAL=$?
   <span>echo</span>
   [ <span>$RETVAL</span> = <span>0</span> ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
   <span>return</span><span>$RETVAL</span>
}
<span># Stop nginx daemons functions.</span><span><span>stop</span></span>() {
        <span>echo</span> -n $<span>"Stopping <span>$prog</span>: "</span>
        killproc <span>$nginxd</span>
        RETVAL=$?
        <span>echo</span>
        [ <span>$RETVAL</span> = <span>0</span> ] && rm <span>-f</span> /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}
<span># reload nginx service functions.</span><span><span>reload</span></span>() {
    <span>echo</span> -n $<span>"Reloading <span>$prog</span>: "</span><span>#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`</span>
    killproc <span>$nginxd</span> -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    <span>echo</span>
}
<span># See how we were called.</span><span>case</span><span>"<span>$1</span>"</span><span>in</span>
start)
        start
        ;;
stop)
        stop
        ;;
reload)
        reload
        ;;
restart)
        stop
        start
        ;;
status)
        status <span>$prog</span>
        RETVAL=$?
        ;;
*)
        <span>echo</span> $<span>"Usage: <span>$prog</span> {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"</span><span>exit</span><span>1</span><span>esac</span><span>exit</span><span>$RETVAL</span><span># chmod u+x /etc/init.d/nginx </span><span># service nginx start</span>
Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

<span># ps -ef|grep nginx |grep -v grep</span>
root      <span>33534</span><span>1</span><span>0</span><span>10</span>:<span>33</span> ?        <span>00</span>:<span>00</span>:<span>00</span> nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx     <span>33535</span><span>33534</span><span>0</span><span>10</span>:<span>33</span> ?        <span>00</span>:<span>00</span>:<span>00</span> nginx: worker process    

<span># service nginx stop</span>
Stopping nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

<span># chkconfig --add nginx</span><span># chkconfig nginx on</span></code>

五、安装过程中的常见故障

<code>./configure: error: <span>the</span> HTTP rewrite module requires <span>the</span> PCRE library.
You can either disable <span>the</span> module <span>by</span><span>using</span><span>--without-http_rewrite_module</span>
option, <span>or</span> install <span>the</span> PCRE library <span>into</span><span>the</span><span>system</span>, <span>or</span> build <span>the</span> PCRE library
statically <span>from</span><span>the</span> source <span>with</span> nginx <span>by</span><span>using</span><span>--with-pcre=<path> option.</path></span>./configure: error: <span>the</span> HTTP gzip module requires <span>the</span> zlib library.
You can either disable <span>the</span> module <span>by</span><span>using</span><span>--without-http_gzip_module</span>
option, <span>or</span> install <span>the</span> zlib library <span>into</span><span>the</span><span>system</span>, <span>or</span> build <span>the</span> zlib library
statically <span>from</span><span>the</span> source <span>with</span> nginx <span>by</span><span>using</span><span>--with-zlib=<path> option.</path></span><span>### 以上2个错误，请安装相应的依赖包，见本文第二部分：配置安装环境</span><span># /usr/sbin/nginx </span>
nginx: [emerg] getpwnam(<span>"nginx"</span>) failed
<span>### 需要创建nginx用户组及用户</span><span># /usr/sbin/nginx</span>
nginx: [emerg] mkdir() <span>"/var/cache/nginx/client_temp"</span> failed (<span>2</span>: No such <span>file</span><span>or</span><span>directory</span>)
<span>### 需要创建对应的目录</span></code>

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以上就介绍了Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx，包括了方面的内容，希望对PHP教程有兴趣的朋友有所帮助。