Heim >Backend-Entwicklung >PHP-Tutorial >GIT在Linux上的安装和使用简介,gitlinux安装简介_PHP教程
<span>GIT在Linux上的安装和使用简介 解压后切换到其目录 $ tar xvfj git</span>-1.7.6.tar.<span>bz2 $ cd git</span>-1.7.6<span> 使用默认配置进行安装,如果想修改配置,可以使用 </span>./configure --<span>help 来获取帮助 $ </span>./<span>configure $ make $ make install </span>2<span>、初始化配置 GIT默认安装在 </span>/usr/local/<span>bin ,安装之后可以验证一下是否安装好 $ whereis git git</span>: /usr/local/bin/<span>git $ git </span>--<span>version git version </span>1.7.6<span> $ git </span>--<span>help 首先需要指定用户名和电子邮件地址 $ git config </span>--<span>global</span> user.<span>name “GIT Admin” $ git config </span>--<span>global</span> user.emal obugs.net@gmail.<span>com 再验证一下配置信息 www</span>.2cto.<span>com $ git config </span>--<span>list</span><span> user</span>.name=<span>GIT Admin user</span>.email=obugs.net@gmail.<span>com core</span>.repositoryformatversion=0<span> core</span>.filemode=<span>true</span><span> core</span>.bare=<span>false</span><span> core</span>.logallrefupdates=<span>true</span><span> 其实这些配置是存放在个人主目录下的 </span>.<span>gitconfig 文件中的 $ cat </span>~/.<span>gitconfig [user] name </span>=<span> GIT Admin email </span>= obugs.net@gmail.<span>com </span>3<span>、建立工程 本地存储的任何一个目录都可以建立GIT工程,如果已有工程位于 </span>/home/obugs/projects/<span>orangebugs 目录,就可以把这目录定义为GIT工程 $ cd </span>/home/obugs/projects/<span>orangebugs $ git init Initialized </span><span>empty</span> Git repository in /home/obugs/projects/orangebugs/.git/<span> 这样就建立了一个名为 </span>.<span>git 的文件夹,这就是GIT用来存储信息和跟踪改动的文件夹。 www</span>.2cto.<span>com $ ls </span>-altr .<span>git total </span>40<span> drwxrwxr</span>-x 4 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39<span> refs drwxrwxr</span>-x 4 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39<span> objects drwxrwxr</span>-x 2 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39<span> info drwxrwxr</span>-x 2 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39<span> hooks </span>-rw-rw-r -- 1 git git 23 Aug 13 22:39<span> HEAD </span>-rw-rw-r -- 1 git git 73 Aug 13 22:39<span> description </span>-rw-rw-r -- 1 git git 92 Aug 13 22:39<span> config drwxrwxr</span>-x 2 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39<span> branches drwxrwxr</span>-x 36 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 ..<span> drwxrwxr</span>-x 7 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 . 4<span>、向工程添加和提交文件 这些动作和CVS、SVN等操作类似 $ git add </span>*.java *.<span>c $ git commit </span>-<span>m ‘Initial upload of the project’ create mode </span>100755 Orangebugs.<span>java create mode </span>100755 pwm/ui/DataManager.<span>java create mode </span>100755 pwm/ui/PasswordFrame.<span>java create mode </span>100755 pwm/tools/StrongEncryption.<span>java create mode </span>100755 pwm/tools/PasswordStrength.<span>java </span>..<span> 注意如果之前没有使用 git config 指定用户名和电子邮件地址,这里会报错 $ git commit </span>-m ‘Initial upload of the project'<span> *** Please tell me who you are. www.2cto.com Run git config --global user.email “you@example.com” git config --global user.name “Your Name” to set your account’s default identity. Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository. fatal: empty ident not allowed 5、更改文件和提交改动 编辑文件、添加或者删除了一些字段 $ vi Orangebugs.java 查看和GIT仓库中的文件相比有了那些改动 $ git diff diff --git a/Orangebugs.java b/Orangebugs.java index 6166ed1..fd82d32 100644 — a/Orangebugs.java +++ b/Orangebugs.java @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ - public counter=10 + public counter=55 如果要提交,需要先确保将文件添加到了临时区域(staging area)然后才能提交,提交时会自动打开系统的默认编辑器,用户添加一些注释后保存并退出编辑器的时候,这些注释就同时提交到仓库中去了 www.2cto.com $ git add Orangebugs.java $ git commit [master 80f10a9] Added password strength meter functionality 1 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) 或者,简单一点的方法是使用 git commit -a 把上面两个命令合二为一。 6、查看状态和查看注释 如果本地的文件和远端GIT仓库上的文件相比没有任何改动,则 $ git status # On branch master nothing to commit (working directory clean) 如果本地做了改动但是没有提交,则 $ git status # On branch master # Changes not staged for commit: # (use “git add …” to update what will be committed) # (use “git checkout — …” to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: Orangebugs.java # no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a") 另外,可以用下面的命令查看文件历史和以往的注释 $ git log Orangebugs.java commit c919ced7f42f4bc06d563c1a1eaa107f2b2420d5 Author: GIT Admin www.2cto.com Date: Sat Aug 13 22:54:57 2011 -0700 Added password strength meter functionality commit c141b7bdbff429de35e36bafb2e43edc655e9957 Author: GIT Admin Date: Sat Aug 13 20:08:02 2011 -0700 Initial upload of the project</span>
Google一下到处都是
如果你用Ubuntu的话在终端打sudo apt-get install git就装好了
用arch的话打sudo pacman -S git
各种包管理应该都可以 看你用哪种了
自己下代码编译也成
使用的话一两句话说不清 自己去Google教程吧
用分支或者标签实现,不过看上去标签应该更加合适