我所经历的大文件数据导出（后台执行,自动生成），数据导出自动生成_PHP教程

我所经历的大文件数据导出（后台执行,自动生成），数据导出自动生成

一、前言

    记录一下以前做的后台excel格式导出统计信息的功能，也是最近同事问到了相关东西，一时之间竟忘了具体的细节，因此记录一下；

    大家知道，excel导出数据的功能，后台几乎是必须功能，一般都是点击后，生成文件然后自动下载，

    如果是数据量小的话，一下子便可请求完成，从而下载到本地；

    但是，如果数据量特别大的时候，页面就必须一直在等待，直到写入excel成功，

    这样便影响了后台使用者无法操作其他页面，为此，对excel导出做了以下功能优化：

 二、生成excel文件

    生成excel文件的方法有很多，暂不一一记录，只是记录本次的方法；

    这里用到了table的html格式，以及相应的excel的声明

    （隐约记得其他的方法用office07打开的时候好像是乱码，后面尝试用csv格式文件，可还是乱码，所以用了table的形式）

    文件的开头：

1 $struserdata = Eof 2 3 xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" 4 xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> 5 6 span>PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 7 8 9 10 12 13 14

15 16 17 Eof; View Code

    文件的结尾：

1 $struserdata = Eof 2 3

4 5 6 Eof; View Code

    当然，文件中间就是一些tr td 标签了。

 三、让程序在后台执行

<p><span>    场景：</span></p>
<p><span>        用户点击 生成excel后，跳转到下载页面，程序在后台执行，用户可不必等待生成完成，可执行其他操作；</span></p>
<p><span>        下载页面可看到文件生成的进度以及是否可下载状态</span></p>
<p><span>    思路：</span></p>
<p><span>        点击 生成excel，显示下载页面  ---> show_download方法</span></p>
<p><span>        生成excel ---> create_excel 方法</span></p>

    show_download方法中调用 create_excel方法，而show_download 方法中，自己用了一下命令行执行程序的方式,

    利用php命令行的方式，把参数传递给 create_excel方法

<span><span>1</span>  <span>//</span><span> $cmd = "/usr/bin/php  /home/xxx/xxx.php " . $strjoin . "  >/dev/null & ";
</span><span>2</span> <span> // $a=exec($cmd, $out, $returndata);</span>
<span>3</span>  
<span>4</span>  
<span>5</span>  <span>$command</span> = "/usr/bin/php ".STATISTIC_EXPORT_SCRIPT_DIR."xxx.php " . "'" .<span>$strjoin</span> ."'". " " . <span>$uid</span> . " ". <span>$action</span> ."  & "<span>;
</span><span>6</span>  <span>$process</span> = <span>proc_open</span>(<span>$command</span>, <span>array</span>(),<span>$pipes</span><span>); 
</span><span>7</span>  <span>$var</span> = <span>proc_get_status</span>(<span>$process</span><span>); 
</span><span>8</span>  <span>proc_close</span>(<span>$process</span><span>);
</span><span>9</span>  <span>$pid</span> = <span>intval</span>(<span>$var</span>['pid'])+1;</span>

    而在create_excel方法中：

    需填写以下代码：

<span><span>1</span> <span>set_time_limit</span>(0); <span>//</span><span>取消脚本运行时间的超时上限</span>
<span>2</span> 
<span>3</span> <span>ignore_user_abort</span>(<span>TRUE</span>); <span>//</span><span>后台运行,不受用户关闭浏览器的影响</span></span>

    调用相关的api得到数据：

<span><span>1</span> <span>$statistic</span> = <span>call_user_func</span>(<span>array</span>('shellscript','get_result'),<span>$url</span>,<span>$params</span><span>);
</span><span>2</span> <span>if</span>(!<span>is_object</span>(<span>$statistic</span>) || !<span>isset</span>(<span>$statistic</span>->data-><span>items)){
</span><span>3</span>     <span>usleep</span>(400000);<span>//</span><span>停止400毫秒</span>
<span>4</span>     <span>$statistic</span> = <span>call_user_func</span>(<span>array</span>('shellscript','get_result'),<span>$url</span>,<span>$params</span><span>);
</span><span>5</span> }</span>

 四、显示文件生成进度

    但是怎么显示相应的文件生成进度呢，怎么知道文件到底生成好了没有呢？

    这里，我用到的方法是，在写入数据文件的时候data.xsl，每个数据文件都生成一个对应的文件进度文件，暂且称为flag_data.xsl;

    思路：

    查看文件的进度方法：

1 public function execscript_process(){ 2 $this->load->library('smarty'); 3 $file_arr_str = array(); 4 $file_arr_process = array(); 5 $file_arr_name = array(); 6 $file_arr = array(); 7 $refresh_flag = 'yes'; 8 $uid = $_REQUEST['uid']; 9 $url_dir = STATISTIC_EXPORT_FILE_DIR.$uid .'/';//@todo 10 if(!is_dir($url_dir)){ 11 @mkdir($url_dir,0777); 12 } 13 $files = scandir($url_dir); 14 15 if(!empty($files)){ 16 foreach ($files as $key => $value) { 17 if($value!='.' && $value!='..'){ 18 if(substr($value, 0 , 5)=="flag_"){ 19 $file_size = filesize($url_dir . $value); 20 if(!empty($file_size)){ 21 $fhandle = fopen($url_dir . $value, 'rb+'); 22 fseek($fhandle, -1, SEEK_END); 23 $fstr = ''; 24 while(($c = fgetc($fhandle)) !== false) { 25 if($c == "\n" && $fstr) break; 26 $fstr = $c . $fstr; 27 fseek($fhandle, -2, SEEK_CUR); 28 } 29 fclose($fhandle); 30 $fstr = trim($fstr); 31 $fstr_arr_str = explode(',', $fstr); 32 $file_arr_process[] = 100 * number_format($fstr_arr_str[0]/$fstr_arr_str[1],2).'%'; 33 $file_arr_name[] = substr($value,5); 34 } 35 } 36 } 37 } 38 39 foreach ($file_arr_process as $key => $value) { 40 if($value != '100%'){ 41 $refresh_flag = 'no'; 42 break; 43 } 44 } 45 } 46 47 $file_arr = array( 48 'process' => $file_arr_process, 49 'name' => $file_arr_name, 50 'refresh_flag' => $refresh_flag 51 ); 52 $file_arr_json = json_encode($file_arr); 53 echo $file_arr_json; 54 } View Code

 五、下载文件

    文件的下载就好说了，既然已经都生成成功，下载的方法如下：

<span><span> 1</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> execscript_download(){
</span><span> 2</span>         <span>$filename</span> = <span>$_REQUEST</span>['filename'<span>];
</span><span> 3</span>         <span>$uid</span> = <span>$_REQUEST</span>['uid'<span>];
</span><span> 4</span>         <span>$file_dir</span> = STATISTIC_EXPORT_FILE_DIR.<span>$uid</span>.'/'.<span>$filename</span><span>;
</span><span> 5</span>         <span>if</span> (!<span>file_exists</span>(<span>$file_dir</span><span>)){
</span><span> 6</span>             <span>header</span>("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8"<span>);
</span><span> 7</span>             <span>echo</span> "File not found!"<span>;
</span><span> 8</span>             <span>exit</span><span>; 
</span><span> 9</span>         } <span>else</span><span> {
</span><span>10</span>             <span>ini_set</span>("memory_limit","500M"<span>); 
</span><span>11</span>             <span>header</span>('Content-Description: File Transfer'<span>);
</span><span>12</span>             <span>header</span>('Content-Type: application/octet-stream'<span>);
</span><span>13</span>             <span>header</span>('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename='.<span>basename</span>(<span>$file_dir</span><span>));
</span><span>14</span>             <span>header</span>('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary'<span>);
</span><span>15</span>             <span>header</span>('Expires: ' . <span>gmdate</span>('D, d M Y H:i:s') . ' GMT'<span>);
</span><span>16</span>             <span>header</span>('Cache-Control: must-revalidate,post-check=0, pre-check=0'<span>);
</span><span>17</span>             <span>header</span>('Pragma: public'<span>);
</span><span>18</span>             <span>header</span>('Content-Length: ' . <span>filesize</span>(<span>$file_dir</span><span>));
</span><span>19</span>             <span>readfile</span>(<span>$file_dir</span><span>);
</span><span>20</span> <span>        }
</span><span>21</span> 
<span>22</span>     }</span>

 六、上线后出现的问题

    本地本来已经测试完毕，可上线后，却出现了奇怪的问题；

<p><span>    现象描述：</span></p>
<p><span>        当在后台点击生成文件，跳转到下载页的时候，因为下载页是显示文件进度的页面，</span><br /><span>        竟然出现有时候有刚刚点击的文件进度，有时候没有，就感觉没有生成相应的文件一样；</span></p>
<p><span>    解决方法：</span></p>
<p><span>        因为数据文件和进度文件都是生成在程序的某个文件夹file中，所以读取的时候都是读取的文件夹下的文件，从而判断显示进度；</span></p>
<p><span>        后面才知道，由于后台程序有两台服务器，导致读取以及下载的时候找不到相应的文件夹，两个服务器相应的文件夹弄个共享目录就可以了</span></p>

 七、相应的后续优化

    由于下载的文件多了，导致文件夹下的文件越来越多，而原来生成的文件是没有价值的，所以加了个定期删除文件的功能，只保留近七天的文件

    当然可以用crontab，只不过我比较懒，是在点击生成文件的时候，判断了一下文件夹中的过期文件，从而删除

<span><span> 1</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> execscript_process_show(){
</span><span> 2</span>         <span>$this</span>->load->library('smarty'<span>);
</span><span> 3</span>         <span>$uid</span> = <span>$_REQUEST</span>['uid'<span>];
</span><span> 4</span>         <span>$url_dir</span> = STATISTIC_EXPORT_FILE_DIR.<span>$uid</span> .'/';<span>//</span><span>@todo</span>
<span> 5</span>         <span>if</span>(!<span>is_dir</span>(<span>$url_dir</span><span>)){
</span><span> 6</span>             @<span>mkdir</span>(<span>$url_dir</span>,0777<span>);
</span><span> 7</span> <span>        }        
</span><span> 8</span>         <span>$files</span> = <span>scandir</span>(<span>$url_dir</span><span>);
</span><span> 9</span>         <span>if</span>(!<span>empty</span>(<span>$files</span><span>)){
</span><span>10</span>             <span>foreach</span> (<span>$files</span> <span>as</span> <span>$key</span> => <span>$value</span><span>) {
</span><span>11</span>                 <span>if</span>(<span>$value</span>!='.' && <span>$value</span>!='..'<span>){
</span><span>12</span>                     <span>foreach</span> (<span>$files</span> <span>as</span> <span>$key</span> => <span>$value</span><span>) {
</span><span>13</span>                         <span>if</span>(<span>$value</span>!='.' && <span>$value</span>!='..'<span>){
</span><span>14</span>                             <span>if</span>(<span>substr</span>(<span>$value</span>, 0 , 5)!="flag_"<span>){
</span><span>15</span>                                 <span>$filenamedate</span> = <span>substr</span>(<span>$value</span>, 0,10<span>);
</span><span>16</span>                                 <span>$today</span> = <span>date</span>('Y-m-d',<span>time</span><span>());
</span><span>17</span>                                 <span>$filenamedate</span> = <span>date</span>('Y-m-d',<span>strtotime</span>(<span>$filenamedate</span>)+(STATISTIC_FILE_EXPIRE_DAY-1)*24*3600<span>);
</span><span>18</span>                                 <span>if</span>(<span>$today</span>><span>$filenamedate</span>){<span>//</span><span>文件过期</span>
<span>19</span>                                     @<span>unlink</span>(<span>$url_dir</span> . <span>$value</span><span>);
</span><span>20</span>                                     @<span>unlink</span>(<span>$url_dir</span> . 'flag_' . <span>$value</span><span>);
</span><span>21</span> <span>                                }
</span><span>22</span> <span>                            }
</span><span>23</span> <span>                        }
</span><span>24</span> <span>                    }                    
</span><span>25</span> <span>                }
</span><span>26</span> <span>            }
</span><span>27</span> <span>        }
</span><span>28</span> 
<span>29</span>         <span>$this</span>->smarty->assign('uid',<span>$uid</span><span>);
</span><span>30</span>         <span>$this</span>->smarty->display('interact/statistic/execscript.tpl'<span>);
</span><span>31</span>     }</span>

 八、后记

    大文件的导出大体就是这个样子，欢迎大家吐槽，共同交流；

    当时在用命令行执行方法的时候，也参考了一下相应的资料，记录一下；

<span>http://blog.csdn.net/yysdsyl/article/details/4636457

http://www.codesky.net/article/201202/163385.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/zdz8207/p/3765567.html

http://blog.163.com/mojian20040228@126/blog/static/4112219320097300922992/

http://php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.php

http://blog.csdn.net/yangjun07167/article/details/5603425

http://blog.csdn.net/yunsongice/article/details/5445448

http://www.cppblog.com/amazon/archive/2011/12/01/161281.aspx

http://blog.51yip.com/tag/proc_open

http://www.justwinit.cn/post/1418/

http://limboy.me/tech/2010/12/05/php-async.html</span>

 

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