PHP实现Excel文档导入导出方法总结

最近因项目需要，需要开发一个模块，用PHP把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel，修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番，下面进行一些总结。

基本上导出的文件分为两种：

1：类Excel格式，这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件，只是因为Excel的兼容能力强，能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存，通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。

优点：简单。

缺点：难以生成格式，如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。

2：Excel格式，与类Excel相对应，这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。

如果导出中文时出现乱码，可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312，例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:

$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(”gb2312″, “UTF-8″, $yourStr);

下面详细列举几种方法。

一、PHP导出Excel

1：第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel

导入导出都成，可以导出office2007格式，同时兼容2003。

下载下来的包中有文档和例子，大家可以自行研究。

抄段例子出来：

<?php /**  
* PHPExcel  
*  
* Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel  
*  
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or  
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public  
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either  
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  
*  
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of  
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU  
* Lesser General Public License for more details.  
*  
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public  
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software  
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA  
*  
* @category   PHPExcel  
* @package    PHPExcel  
* @copyright  Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel (http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel)  
* @license    http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt    LGPL  
* @version    1.5.0, 2007-10-23  
*/
                         
/** Error reporting */
error_reporting(E_ALL);   
                         
/** Include path **/
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’);   
                         
/** PHPExcel */
include ‘PHPExcel.php’;   
                         
/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */
include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’;   
                         
// Create new PHPExcel object   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Create new PHPExcel object\n”;   
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();   
                         
// Set properties   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Set properties\n”;   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(”Maarten Balliauw”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(”Maarten Balliauw”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(”Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(”office 2007 openxml php”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(”Test result file”);   
                         
// Add some data   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Add some data\n”;   
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’A1′, ‘Hello’);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’B2′, ‘world!’);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’C1′, ‘Hello’);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’D2′, ‘world!’);   
                         
// Rename sheet   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Rename sheet\n”;   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(’Simple’);   
                         
// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet   
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);   
                         
// Save Excel 2007 file   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Write to Excel2007 format\n”;   
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);   
$objWriter->save(str_replace(’.php’, ‘.xlsx’, __FILE__));   
                         
// Echo done   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Done writing file.\r\n”;

2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类

下载地址： http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer

此类依赖于OLE,下载地址：http://pear.php.net/package/OLE

需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老，修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。

不过可以设定格式，很强大。

<?php require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’;   
                         
// Creating a workbook   
$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();   
                         
// sending HTTP headers   
$workbook->send(’test.xls’);   
                         
// Creating a worksheet   
$worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(’My first worksheet’);   
                         
// The actual data   
$worksheet->write(0, 0, ‘Name’);   
$worksheet->write(0, 1, ‘Age’);   
$worksheet->write(1, 0, ‘John Smith’);   
$worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);   
$worksheet->write(2, 0, ‘Johann Schmidt’);   
$worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);   
$worksheet->write(3, 0, ‘Juan Herrera’);   
$worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);   
                         
// Let’s send the file   
$workbook->close();   
?>

3、利用smarty，生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件

支持格式，非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件，如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。

 

需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时，最好在模板中把”ss:ExpandedColumnCount=”5″ ss:ExpandedRowCount=”21″”之类的东西删掉。

 

4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号，这种更接近于Excel标准格式，用office2003修改后保存，还不会弹出提示，推荐用这种方法。

缺点是无格式。

<?php // Send Header   
header(”Pragma: public”);   
header(”Expires: 0″);   
header(”Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);   
header(”Content-Type: application/force-download”);   
header(”Content-Type: application/octet-stream”);   
header(”Content-Type: application/download”);;   
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls “);   
header(”Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary “);   
// XLS Data Cell   
                       
xlsBOF();   
xlsWriteLabel(1,0,”My excel line one”);   
xlsWriteLabel(2,0,”My excel line two : “);   
xlsWriteLabel(2,1,”Hello everybody”);   
                       
xlsEOF();   
                       
function xlsBOF() {   
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×809, 0×8, 0×0, 0×10, 0×0, 0×0);   
return;   
}   
function xlsEOF() {   
echo pack(”ss”, 0×0A, 0×00);   
return;   
}   
function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {   
echo pack(”sssss”, 0×203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0×0);   
echo pack(”d”, $Value);   
return;   
}   
function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {   
$L = strlen($Value);   
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0×0, $L);   
echo $Value;   
return;   
}   
?>

不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了，断句符号全部变成了乱码。

5、使用制表符、换行符的方法   

制表符”\t”用户分割同一行中的列，换行符”\t\n”可以开启下一行。   

<?php header(”Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl”);   
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls”);   
header(”Pragma: no-cache”);   
header(”Expires: 0″);   
/*first line*/
echo “hello”.”\t”;   
echo “world”.”\t”;   
echo “\t\n”;   
                    
/*start of second line*/
echo “this is second line”.”\t”;   
echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”\t”;   
echo “\t\n”;   
?>

6、使用com

如果你的PHP可以开启com模块，就可以用它来导出Excel文件

<?PHP $filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”;   
$sheet1 = 1;   
$sheet2 = “sheet2″;   
$excel_app = new COM(”Excel.application”) or Die (”Did not connect”);   
print “Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\n” ;   
print “Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\n”;   
$Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(”$filename”) or Die(”Did not open $filename $Workbook”);   
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);   
$Worksheet->activate;   
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);   
$excel_cell->activate;   
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;   
print “$excel_result\n”;   
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);   
$Worksheet->activate;   
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);   
$excel_cell->activate;   
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;   
print “$excel_result\n”;   
#To close all instances of excel:   
$Workbook->Close;   
unset($Worksheet);   
unset($Workbook);   
$excel_app->Workbooks->Close();   
$excel_app->Quit();   
unset($excel_app);   
?>

一个更好的例子： http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html

二、PHP导入Excel

1：还是用PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。

2：使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader

举例：

<?php require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’;   
                 
// ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);   
$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();   
                 
// Set output Encoding.   
$data->setOutputEncoding(’utf8′);   
                 
$data->read(’ jxlrwtest.xls’);   
                 
error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);   
                 
for ($i = 1; $i sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) {   
for ($j = 1; $j sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) {   
echo “\”".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j].”\”,”;   
}   
echo “\n”;   
}   
                 
?>