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php class中public,private,protected的区别,以及实例
一,public,private,protected的区别
public:权限是最大的,可以内部调用,实例调用等。
protected: 受保护类型,用于本类和继承类调用。
private: 私有类型,只有在本类中使用。
二,实例
<?php error_reporting(E_ALL); class test{ public $public; private $private; protected $protected; static $instance; public function __construct(){ $this->public = 'public <br>'; $this->private = 'private <br>'; $this->protected = 'protected <br>'; } static function tank(){ if (!isset(self::$instance[get_class()])) { $c = get_class(); self::$instance = new $c; } return self::$instance; } public function pub_function() { echo "you request public function<br>"; echo $this->public; echo $this->private; //private,内部可以调用 echo $this->protected; //protected,内部可以调用 $this->pri_function(); //private方法,内部可以调用 $this->pro_function(); //protected方法,内部可以调用 } protected function pro_function(){ echo "you request protected function<br>"; } private function pri_function(){ echo "you request private function<br>"; } } $test = test::tank(); echo $test->public; echo $test->private; //Fatal error: Cannot access private property test::$private echo $test->protected; //Fatal error: Cannot access protected property test::$protected $test->pub_function(); $test->pro_function(); //Fatal error: Call to protected method test::pro_function() from context $test->pri_function(); //Fatal error: Call to private method test::pri_function() from context ?>
从上面的例子中,我们可以看出,
public:??? 可以class内部调用,可以实例化调用。
private:?? 可以class内部调用,实例化调用报错。
protected:? 可以class内部调用,实例化调用报错。
<?php class test{ public $public; private $private; protected $protected; static $instance; public function __construct(){ $this->public = 'public <br>'; $this->private = 'private <br>'; $this->protected = 'protected <br>'; } protected function tank(){ //私有方法不能继承,换成public,protected if (!isset(self::$instance[get_class()])) { $c = get_class(); self::$instance = new $c; } return self::$instance; } public function pub_function() { echo "you request public function<br>"; echo $this->public; } protected function pro_function(){ echo "you request protected function<br>"; echo $this->protected; } private function pri_function(){ echo "you request private function<br>"; echo $this->private; } } class test1 extends test{ public function __construct(){ parent::tank(); parent::__construct(); } public function tank(){ echo $this->public; echo $this->private; //Notice: Undefined property: test1::$private echo $this->protected; $this->pub_function(); $this->pro_function(); $this->pri_function(); //Fatal error: Call to private method test::pri_function() from context 'test1' } public function pro_extends_function(){ echo "you request extends_protected function<br>"; } public function pri_extends_function(){ echo "you request extends_private function<br>"; } } error_reporting(E_ALL); $test = new test1(); $test -> tank(); //子类和父类有相同名字的属性和方法,实例化子类时,子类的中的属性和方法会盖掉父类的。 ?>
?从上面的例子中,我们可以看出,
public:??? test中的public可以被继承。
private:?? test中的private不可以被继承。
protected:? test中的protected可以被继承。
static:??????? test中的static可以被继承。
唉,对于这些东西,老是不喜欢记着,用的时候,总感觉不对,又要去查,所以写个例子,方便自己查看。