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Heim  >  Artikel  >  Web-Frontend  >  从零开始学习jQuery (十) jQueryUI常用功能实战_jquery

从零开始学习jQuery (十) jQueryUI常用功能实战_jquery

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-05-16 18:10:241116Durchsuche

一.摘要

本系列文章将带您进入jQuery的精彩世界, 其中有很多作者具体的使用经验和解决方案,  即使你会使用jQuery也能在阅读中发现些许秘籍.

本文是实战篇. 使用jQueryUI完成制作网站的大部分常用功能. 

二.前言

经过公司内部收集, 整理了一些经常使用javascript实现的功能.  实现这些功能的主角不是让人眼花缭乱的jQuery插件,  而是jQuery UI.

如果你还在为了一个小小的特效而去下载并安装插件, 发现Bug还没有人替你解决. 记住插件是我们没有办法的最后选择.

使用插件有太多的坏处:

1.不利于维护

2.增加页面大小

3.不利于成员间交流共享,具有学习成本.

4.不够健壮, 不能保证插件版本一直更新并修复所有问题.

下面就引入今天的主角:jQuery UI

 

三.jQuery UI

jQuery UI 是 jQuery 的一部分, 是在jQuery之上的一套专门用于UI交互的类库.  使用jQuery UI可以实现底层交互, 各种高级特效, 动画, 并且可定制主题.

我们可以用它轻松的构建高度交互的Web应用程序.

官方首页:
http://jqueryui.org/

下载:
http://jqueryui.com/download

示例和文档:
http://jqueryui.com/demos/

皮肤:
http://jqueryui.com/themeroller/

 

jQuery UI 的在线网站十分强大. 首先就是在下载时可以组装自己想要的功能定制下载:

image

并且针对各种控件不仅提供了详细的参数说明和实例,  还可以随时更换实例的皮肤:

image

本文主要讲解实例, 大家可以通过实例代码快速上手jQuery UI.  使用jQuery UI我们可以再不借助其他插件的情况下完成大部分页面应用, 说其是一个官方的超级UI插件也不为过. 包含所有功能的jQuery UI类库文件为188K, 启用Gzip压缩后是45K. 虽然较大但是一次加载全网站获益.而且45K大小在当今的互谅网时代还算可以接受.

目前还没有jQuery UI的中文教程.  因为本文是实战篇, 所以不会仔细讲解基础内容. 在后面的章节中我会加入jQuery UI的基础教程.争取成为中文jQuery UI第一教程.

 

四. 准备工作

我将所有相关的文件, 包括各种类库文件, Theme模板放置在如下路径:

http://www.dotnetapi.com/JSLib/

此路径开通了目录浏览, 可以直接查找需要的文件. 目录组织结构按照本系列: (八) 插播:jQuery实施方案 中介绍的方案组织.

另外也可以从Google上引用文件, Google的CDN速度更快也更有保证, 参见: Google's CDN

本文的实例的所有引用都使用 WebConfig.ResourceServer 这个属性:

<span class="kwrd">public</span> <span class="kwrd">class</span> WebConfig
{
  <span class="kwrd">public</span> <span class="kwrd">static</span> <span class="kwrd">string</span> ResourceServer = <span class="str">@"http://www.dotnetapi.com/</span>";
}

 

 

五.弹出层对话框

弹出框是最常用最实用的功能.  先来看一下艺龙网上的一些应用场景.

1. 艺龙网应用场景举例

(1) 静态提示类弹出层. 弹出层的内容是固定的.

image

 

(2) 动态提示类弹出层. 弹出层内容是根据事件源变化的.

image

(3)遮罩类弹出层. 弹出时背景变灰并不可点击.

image

2. 应用实例

使用 jQuery UI 的 Dialog 组件. 我以轻松实现上面三种效果.

Dialog组件的主要特点是可以拖动(Draggable), 可以改变大小(Resizable) .

示例完整代码如下:

<span class="asp"></span>

<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="attr">html</span> <span class="attr">PUBLIC</span> <span class="kwrd">"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"</span> <span class="kwrd">"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">html</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span><span class="kwrd">="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">head</span> <span class="attr">id</span><span class="kwrd">="Head1"</span> <span class="attr">runat</span><span class="kwrd">="server"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">title</span><span class="kwrd">></span>jQuery UI - 弹出层应用实例 Dialog<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">title</span><span class="kwrd">></span>  
  <span class="rem"><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span><span class="kwrd">="stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/css"</span> <span class="attr">href</span><span class="kwrd">="/<span class="attr">JsLib</span>/<span class="attr">jquery</span>/<span class="attr">themes</span>/<span class="attr">redmond</span>/<span class="attr">style</span>.<span class="attr">css</span><span class="kwrd">"%>"</span> <span class="kwrd">/></span> 
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/javascript"</span> <span class="attr">src</span><span class="kwrd">="/JsLib/jquery/jquery-min-lastest.js"</span><span class="kwrd">></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>  
  <script src="<SPAN" class="str">"<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/ui/jquery-ui-all-min-lastest.js"</script></span>
    type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>>
  if</span> (<span class="kwrd">false</span>)
    {%><script src="<SPAN" class="str">"~/js/jquery-vsdoc-lastest.js"</script></span> type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>>
  
  <script type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/javascript"</script></span>>
    <span class="rem">/*========== 必须放在头部加载的语句块. 尽量避免使用 ==========*/</span>
  <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <style type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/css"</style></span>>
    


  <!-- Demo 静态提示类弹出层 -->
  <div class="kwrd">class=<span class="str">"ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"</span> style=<span class="str">"width: 700px; padding: 5px;"</span>>
    <h3>Demo. 共享同一个静态弹出层, 弹出层内容固定: </h3>
    <div>
      <span id="<SPAN" class="str">"spanShowTip1"</span>>显示提示   <span id="<SPAN" class="str">"spanShowTip2"</span>>显示提示  
      <span id="<SPAN" class="str">"spanShowTip3"</span>>显示提示   <span id="<SPAN" class="str">"spanShowTip4"</span>>显示提示  
    </div>
  </div>
  <br>
  <br>
  <!-- Demo 动态提示类弹出层 -->
  <div class="kwrd">class=<span class="str">"ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"</span> style=<span class="str">"width: 700px; padding: 5px;"</span>>
    <h3>Demo. 每个弹出层内容不同, 弹出层内容存储在事件源的元素属性中: </h3>
    <div>
      <span id="<SPAN" class="str">"spanShowDataTip1"</span> data=<span class="str">"颜色是红色"</span>>红色  
      <span id="<SPAN" class="str">"spanShowDataTip2"</span> data=<span class="str">"颜色是绿色"</span>>绿色  
    </div>
  </div>
  <br>
  <br>
  <!-- Demo 遮罩类弹出层 -->
  <div class="kwrd">class=<span class="str">"ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"</span> style=<span class="str">"width: 700px; padding: 5px;"</span>>
    <h3>Demo. 弹出IFrame </h3>
    <div>
      <input type="<SPAN" class="str">"button" id=<span class="str">"btnShowIframe"</span> name=<span class="str">"btnShowIframe"</span> value=<span class="str">"显示弹出层"</span>/>
    </div>
  </div>
  
  <!-- 提示类弹出层 -->
  <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"divTip" title=<span class="str">"自定义标题"</span>>
    <p>弹出层</p>
  </div>
  <!-- 遮罩类弹出层 -->
  <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"divIframe" title=<span class="str">"iFrame弹出层"</span> style=<span class="str">"text-align:center;"</span>>
    <iframe src="<SPAN" class="str">"http://www.elong.com" width=<span class="str">"450px"</span> height=<span class="str">"230px"</span>></iframe>
  </div>
  <script type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/javascript"</script></span>>
    <span class="rem">/*==========用户自定义方法==========*/</span>


    <span class="rem">/*==========事件绑定==========*/</span>
    $(<span class="kwrd">function</span>()
    {
      <span class="rem">//静态提示类弹出层</span>
      $(<span class="str">"span[id^=spanShowTip]"</span>).css(<span class="str">"cursor"</span>, <span class="str">"pointer"</span>).click(<span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>)
      {
        $(<span class="str">"*"</span>).stop();
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>.stopPropagation();
        <span class="kwrd">var</span> top = $(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).offset().top + 20;
        <span class="kwrd">var</span> left = $(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).offset().left;
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"option"</span>, <span class="str">"position"</span>, [left, top]);
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"open"</span>);
      });
      <span class="rem">//动态提出类弹出层</span>
      $(<span class="str">"span[id^=spanShowDataTip]"</span>).css(<span class="str">"cursor"</span>, <span class="str">"pointer"</span>).click(<span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>)
      {
        $(<span class="str">"*"</span>).stop();
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"close"</span>);
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>.stopPropagation();
        <span class="kwrd">var</span> top = $(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).offset().top + 20;
        <span class="kwrd">var</span> left = $(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).offset().left;
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).html($(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).attr(<span class="str">"data"</span>));
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"option"</span>, <span class="str">"position"</span>, [left, top]);
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"open"</span>);
      });
      <span class="rem">//遮罩类弹出层</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#btnShowIframe"</span>).click(<span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>)
      {
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>.preventDefault();
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>.stopPropagation();
        $(<span class="str">"#divIframe"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"open"</span>);
      });

      <span class="rem">//单击自身取消冒泡</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#divTip, #divIframe"</span>).bind(<span class="str">"click"</span>, <span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>)
      {
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>.stopPropagation();
      });

      <span class="rem">//document对象单击隐藏所有弹出层</span>
      $(document).bind(<span class="str">"click"</span>, <span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>)
      {
        $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"close"</span>);
        $(<span class="str">"#divIframe"</span>).dialog(<span class="str">"close"</span>);
      });
    });

    <span class="rem">/*==========加载时执行的语句==========*/</span>
    $(<span class="kwrd">function</span>()
    {
    
      <span class="rem">//初始化提示类弹出层</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#divTip"</span>).dialog({
        show: <span class="kwrd">null</span>,
        bgiframe: <span class="kwrd">false</span>,
        autoOpen: <span class="kwrd">false</span>
      });

      <span class="rem">//初始化遮罩类弹出层</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#divIframe"</span>).dialog({
        show: <span class="kwrd">null</span>,
        bgiframe: <span class="kwrd">false</span>,
        autoOpen: <span class="kwrd">false</span>,
        width: 500,
        height: 300,
        draggable: <span class="kwrd">true</span>,        
        resizable: <span class="kwrd">false</span>,
        modal: <span class="kwrd">true</span>
      });      
    });
  <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">body</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">html</span><span class="kwrd">></span></span>


效果如图:

静态提示类弹出层

image

动态提示类弹出层:

image

遮罩类弹出层:

image

 

3.关键点讲解

(1)计算弹出层位置

提示类弹出框最重要的是计算弹出框的位置. 通过事件对象获取到事件源, 使用offset()函数计算事件源相对于document的位置:

        <span class="kwrd">var</span> top = $(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).offset().top;
        <span class="kwrd">var</span> left = $(<span class="kwrd">event</span>.target).offset().left;

 

因为是相对于document, 即页面左上角的位置, 所以需要将弹出层放在Body元素中的第一层. 即父类就是body. 如果包含在其他元素中, 需要确定任何一个父类的position样式设置为了relative.

计算出来的top和left是事件源的位置, 在此位置显示会将事件源对象遮盖住. 所以通常需要手工做一些偏移, 比如top+20.

(2) 取消冒泡和浏览器默认行为

如果我们为document对象绑定了单击后关闭弹出层的事件, 那么就一定要取消事件的冒泡. 使用event对象的stopPropagation()方法可以取消冒泡.

<span class="kwrd">event</span>.stopPropagation();

对于具有默认行为的元素,比如提交按钮的提交表单行为, 元素的超链接行为等, 我们如果在这些元素上应用事件, 还需要取消它们的默认行为:

<span class="kwrd">event</span>.preventDefault();

(3) 设置动画效果与取消动画

通过设置dialog的配置项的show属性, 可以设置显示dialog时候的动画效果:

$(<span class="str">'.selector'</span>).dialog({ show: <span class="str">'slide'</span> });


show默认为null即无动画,  可以是使用下列值:

<span class="str">'blind'</span>, <span class="str">'clip'</span>, <span class="str">'drop'</span>, <span class="str">'explode'</span>, <span class="str">'fold'</span>, <span class="str">'puff'</span>, <span class="str">'slide'</span>, <span class="str">'scale'</span>, <span class="str">'size'</span>, <span class="str">'pulsate'</span>.

对于这些动画的效果, 可以在此页观看:

http://jqueryui.com/demos/show/

当一个动画效果执行时, 如果用户在此对这个元素进行操作, 就会出现各种问题, 比如定位不准确等. 所以如果应用了动画, 我们在对其操作时需要使用stop()函数来停止动画, 通常是停止虽有元素的动画:

$(<span class="str">"*"</span>).stop();


但是即使停止了动画再进行操作, 如果操作的太快也容易产生问题. 所以至于是否使用动画需要经过权衡决定.

(4) 动态提示类弹出层的数据传递

动态提示类弹出层的数据是不同的,  本文实例使用的是将数据存储在元素属性data上:

<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">span</span> <span class="attr">id</span><span class="kwrd">="spanShowDataTip1"</span> <span class="attr">data</span><span class="kwrd">="颜色是红色"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>红色<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">span</span><span class="kwrd">></span></span>

 

这是一种简单直观的方式. 比较容易编程实现(尤其是在使用MVC编程模型的时候.)

还有一种常用方式是使用javascript变量存储数据.这两种方式在第5章时有过讲解:

http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangziqiu/archive/2009/05/06/jQuery-Learn-5.html

(5)更换主题

大家注意实例中的弹出层没有为其编辑任何样式, 但是显示出来后已经被美化过了. 这是因为我引用了jQuery UI的主题:

  <span class="rem"><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span><span class="kwrd">="stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/css"</span> <span class="attr">href</span><span class="kwrd">="/<span class="attr">JsLib</span>/<span class="attr">jquery</span>/<span class="attr">themes</span>/<span class="attr">redmond</span>/<span class="attr">style</span>.<span class="attr">css</span><span class="kwrd">"%>"</span> <span class="kwrd">/></span> </span></span>

注释中有很多的主题, 只需要将引用路径中的"redmond"改为其中任何一个, 弹出层的样式会立刻发生变化.

VS中有一个Bug, 就是针对link标签, href中的语句块编译有问题, 某些情况下不被编辑解析. 所以我使用上面代码中的方式构造href属性值.

可以在下面的地址查看各个主题的效果:

http://jqueryui.com/themeroller/#themeGallery

 

六.Tab标签

不刷新页面, 在页面中的不同标签间切换:

image

本实例通过jQuery UI的Tabs组件实现. Tabs组件的使用与dialog一样十分简单,  默认的配置即可实现最简单的tab, 通过设置更多的options可以实现更复杂的应用.

1.应用实例

源代码:

<span class="asp"></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="attr">html</span> <span class="attr">PUBLIC</span> <span class="kwrd">"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"</span> <span class="kwrd">"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">html</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span><span class="kwrd">="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">head</span> <span class="attr">id</span><span class="kwrd">="Head1"</span> <span class="attr">runat</span><span class="kwrd">="server"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">title</span><span class="kwrd">></span>jQuery UI - 弹出层应用实例 Dialog<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">title</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <span class="rem"><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span><span class="kwrd">="stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/css"</span> <span class="attr">href</span><span class="kwrd">="/<span class="attr">JsLib</span>/<span class="attr">jquery</span>/<span class="attr">themes</span>/<span class="attr">redmond</span>/<span class="attr">style</span>.<span class="attr">css</span><span class="kwrd">"%>"</span> <span class="kwrd">/></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/javascript"</span> <span class="attr">src</span><span class="kwrd">="/JsLib/jquery/jquery-min-lastest.js"</span><span class="kwrd">></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <script src="<SPAN" class="str">"<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/ui/jquery-ui-all-min-lastest.js"</script></span>
    type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>>
  if</span> (<span class="kwrd">false</span>)
    {%><script src="<SPAN" class="str">"~/js/jquery-vsdoc-lastest.js"</script></span> type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>>
  
  <script type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/javascript"</script></span>>
    <span class="rem">/*========== 必须放在头部加载的语句块. 尽量避免使用 ==========*/</span>
  <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <style type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/css"</style></span>>
    


  <!--Demo.默认Tab与Ajax Tab -->
  <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs1" style=<span class="str">"width:300px;"</span>>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs1-1">One</a></li>
      <!-- Ajax Tab -->
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"TabData.htm">Two</a></li>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs1-3">Three</a></li>
    </ul>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs1-1">
      <p>Tab1内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs1-3">
      <p>Tab3内容</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <br>
  <br>
  <br>
  <!--Demo. 可折叠的Tab -->
  <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs2" style=<span class="str">"width: 300px;"</span>>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs2-1">One</a></li>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs2-2">Two</a></li>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs2-3">Three</a></li>
    </ul>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs2-1">
      <p>Tab1内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs2-2">
      <p>Tab2内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs2-3">
      <p>Tab3内容</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <br>
  <br>
  <br>
  <!--Demo. 鼠标滑动即切换的Tab -->
  <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs3" style=<span class="str">"width: 300px;"</span>>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs3-1">One</a></li>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs3-2">Two</a></li>
      <li><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#tabs3-3">Three</a></li>
    </ul>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs3-1">
      <p>Tab1内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs3-2">
      <p>Tab2内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"tabs3-3">
      <p>Tab3内容</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <script type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/javascript"</script></span>>
    <span class="rem">/*==========用户自定义方法==========*/</span>


    <span class="rem">/*==========事件绑定==========*/</span>
    $(<span class="kwrd">function</span>()
    {

    });

    <span class="rem">/*==========加载时执行的语句==========*/</span>
    $(<span class="kwrd">function</span>()
    {
      <span class="rem">//默认Tabs</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#tabs1"</span>).tabs();
      <span class="rem">//可折叠的Tabs</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#tabs2"</span>).tabs({
        collapsible: <span class="kwrd">true</span>
      });
      <span class="rem">//鼠标滑动即切换的Tabs</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#tabs3"</span>).tabs({
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>: <span class="str">"mouseover"</span>
      });
    });    
  <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">body</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">html</span><span class="kwrd">></span></span>

效果:

1. 默认设置的Tabs, Two标签内容使用Ajax获取

image 

image

2.再折叠tab

image

3.鼠标滑动即切换的tab
image 

2.要点讲解

(1) 注意Tabs中的HTML结构.

使用ul构建标签. 内容div一定要和标签关联, 没有关联的div将不被处理直接显示.

(2) 使用Ajax可以不指定内容容器, 但是也可以将Ajax内容放入指定容器中.

<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">li</span><span class="kwrd">><span class="html">a</span> <span class="attr">href</span><span class="kwrd">="hello/world.html"</span> <span class="attr">title</span><span class="kwrd">="Todo Overview"</span><span class="kwrd">></span> ... <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">a</span><span class="kwrd">></span><span class="html">li</span><span class="kwrd">></span>

<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">div</span> <span class="attr">id</span><span class="kwrd">="Todo_Overview"</span><span class="kwrd">></span> ... <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">div</span><span class="kwrd">></span></span></span></span>

(3)  活用事件

tab有很多事件:

select, load, show, add, remove, enable, disable

使用这些事件可以完成很多复杂任务. 需要注意事件的签名:

$(<span class="str">'#example'</span>).bind(<span class="str">'tabsselect'</span>, <span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>, ui) {

  <span class="rem">// Objects available in the function context:</span>
  ui.tab   <span class="rem">// anchor element of the selected (clicked) tab</span>
  ui.panel  <span class="rem">// element, that contains the selected/clicked tab contents</span>
  ui.index  <span class="rem">// zero-based index of the selected (clicked) tab</span>

});

第一个是事件对象, 第二个ui对象是传递的额外参数, 我们可以获取tab对象, tab所在容器和tab的索引值.

比如我们可以在事件中做验证:

$(<span class="str">'#example'</span>).tabs({
  select: <span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>, ui) {
    <span class="kwrd">var</span> isValid = ... <span class="rem">// form validation returning true or false</span>
    <span class="kwrd">return</span> isValid;
  }
});


或者当添加一个tab时立刻切换到选中状态:

<span class="kwrd">var</span> $tabs = $(<span class="str">'#example'</span>).tabs({
  add: <span class="kwrd">function</span>(<span class="kwrd">event</span>, ui) {
    $tabs.tabs(<span class="str">'select'</span>, <span class="str">'#'</span> + ui.panel.id);
  }
});<style type="text/css">.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
	font-size: small;
	color: black;
	font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
	background-color: #ffffff;
	/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt 
{
	background-color: #f4f4f4;
	width: 100%;
	margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
</style><br>


活学活用, 更多应用大家也可以参见tab组件的官方文档:

http://jqueryui.com/demos/tabs

 

七. 手风琴菜单

使用jQuery UI的accordion组件可以实现手风琴菜单. 效果见下图.

accordion文档地址: http://jqueryui.com/demos/accordion/

1.实例效果

image

2.实例代码

<span class="asp"></span>

<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">DOCTYPE</span> <span class="attr">html</span> <span class="attr">PUBLIC</span> <span class="kwrd">"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"</span> <span class="kwrd">"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">html</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span><span class="kwrd">="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"><span class="html">head</span> <span class="attr">id</span><span class="kwrd">="Head1"</span> <span class="attr">runat</span><span class="kwrd">="server"</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">title</span><span class="kwrd">></span>jQuery UI - 手风琴菜单应用实例 Accordion <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">title</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <span class="rem"><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span><span class="kwrd">="stylesheet"</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/css"</span> <span class="attr">href</span><span class="kwrd">="/<span class="attr">JsLib</span>/<span class="attr">jquery</span>/<span class="attr">themes</span>/<span class="attr">redmond</span>/<span class="attr">style</span>.<span class="attr">css</span><span class="kwrd">"%>"</span> <span class="kwrd">/></span>
  <span class="kwrd"><span class="html">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span><span class="kwrd">="text/javascript"</span> <span class="attr">src</span><span class="kwrd">="/JsLib/jquery/jquery-min-lastest.js"</span><span class="kwrd">></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <script src="<SPAN" class="str">"<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/ui/jquery-ui-all-min-lastest.js"</script></span>
    type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>>
  if</span> (<span class="kwrd">false</span>)
    {%><script src="<SPAN" class="str">"~/js/jquery-vsdoc-lastest.js"</script></span> type=<span class="str">"text/javascript"</span>>
  
  <script type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/javascript"</script></span>>
    <span class="rem">/*========== 必须放在头部加载的语句块. 尽量避免使用 ==========*/</span>
  <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
  <style type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/css"</style></span>>
    body
    {
      font-size: 12px;
    }
  


  <!-- Demo. 默认配置的Accordion菜单 -->
  <div style="<SPAN" class="str">"width: 300px; float:left; margin-left:20px;">
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"accordion1">
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单1</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
      </div>
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单2</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单2的内容
      </div>
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单3</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单3的内容
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- Demo. 取消自动高度, 可折叠 -->
  <div style="<SPAN" class="str">"width: 300px; float: left; margin-left: 20px;">
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"accordion2">
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单1</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
      </div>
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单2</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单2的内容
      </div>
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单3</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单3的内容
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- Demo. 鼠标滑动触发, 自定义图标 -->
  <div style="<SPAN" class="str">"width: 300px; float: left; margin-left: 20px;">
    <div id="<SPAN" class="str">"accordion3">
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单1</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
        菜单1的内容<br>
      </div>
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单2</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单2的内容
      </div>
      <h3><a href="<SPAN" class="str">"#">菜单3</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单3的内容
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <script type="<SPAN" class="str">"text/javascript"</script></span>>
    <span class="rem">/*==========用户自定义方法==========*/</span>


    <span class="rem">/*==========事件绑定==========*/</span>
    $(<span class="kwrd">function</span>()
    {

    });

    <span class="rem">/*==========加载时执行的语句==========*/</span>
    $(<span class="kwrd">function</span>()
    {
      <span class="rem">//默认配置的Accordion菜单</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#accordion1"</span>).accordion();
      <span class="rem">//取消自动高度, 可折叠</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#accordion2"</span>).accordion({
        autoHeight:<span class="kwrd">false</span>,
        collapsible: <span class="kwrd">true</span>
      });
      <span class="rem">//鼠标滑动触发, 自定义图标</span>
      $(<span class="str">"#accordion3"</span>).accordion({
        icons: {
              header: <span class="str">"ui-icon-circle-arrow-e"</span>,
                headerSelected: <span class="str">"ui-icon-circle-arrow-s"</span>
            },
        <span class="kwrd">event</span>: <span class="str">"mouseover"</span>
      });
    });  
  <span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">script</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">body</span><span class="kwrd">></span>
<span class="kwrd"></span><span class="html">html</span><span class="kwrd">></span></span>

 

3. 关键点讲解

(1) 注意高度设置过小问题

当包含accordion控件的容器高度设计过小时, 在FireFox3中在此容器后面的内容会被accordion控件部分遮盖. 在IE中没有此问题. 经检查是因为容器高度小于菜单高度导致.  所以我们在应用时应当注意不要将容器高度设置过小.

(2) 部分关键属性

autoHeight: 设置是否自动将内容高度设置为容器高度.

collapsible: 设置是否可折叠

一般上面两个配合使用,  以为折叠后肯定会改变菜单高度, 会导致autoHeight设置为true无效.

更多属性和事件使用请参阅官方文档.

 

八.总结

本章简单介绍了jQueryUI, 并且使用jQuery UI完成了弹出层,tabs,手风琴菜单的应用实例. 使用jQuery UI可以不需要额外寻找插件. 并且实现简单.

但是有些功能是必须使用插件完成的. 下一张讲解两个插件实例: 自动完成插件AutoComplete 和 表单验证插件jQuery Validate.

本章源代码下载: http://xiazai.jb51.net/201101/yuanma/Code-jQueryStudy-10.rar

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