Heim >Web-Frontend >js-Tutorial >Typ und Schnittstelle in Typescript verstehen
1. Wird für die Objektstruktur verwendet
interface User { username: string, password: string, email?: string // this is optional property }
2. Unterstützt Erweiterung:
interface Address { street: string, city: string } interface User extends Address { username: string, password: string, email?: string }
3. Die Klasse kann Schnittstellen implementieren:
class Admin implements User { username: string password: string email?: string street: string city: string constructor(username: string, password:string, street:string, city:string, email?:string){ this.username = username; this.password = password; this.email = email || ''; this.street = street; this.city = city; }; } var aAdmin = new Admin("user1", "123", "3/2 street", "hcmc"); console.log(aAdmin);
Ausgabe:
Admin { username: 'user1', password: '123', email: '', street: '3/2 street', city: 'hcmc' }
4. Funktion kann deklariert werden
interface AddUser{ (name: string) : void; } const user : AddUser = (name) => console.log(`Hello ${name}`);
1. Alias für jeden Typ:
type UserType = { id: string, name: string } type ID = string | number; //Union type
2. Unterstützen Sie Kreuzungstypen:
type UserType = { id: string, name: string } type AddressType = { street: string, city: string, } type UserWithAddress = UserType & AddressType;
3. Unterstützen Sie Tupel:
type Coordinates = [number, number]; const point: Coordinates = [10, 20];
4. Kann nicht wieder geöffnet werden:
class AdminType extends UserType { // ERROR: 'UserType' only refers to a type, but is being used as a value here.ts(2693) }
Aspect | Interface | Type |
---|---|---|
Usage | Define Object structure | Flexible: can be define objects, unions, intersections, tuples. |
Extensibility | Can be extended using extends | Can be combined using & (intersection). |
Reopen/Declartion | Can be reopened to add new properties. | Cannot be reopened. |
Primitive Type | Cannot represent primitives directly. | Can alias primitive (e.g,.type ID = string); |
Union and Typle Support | Not supported. | Fully supported |
interface User { username: string, password: string, email?: string // this is optional property }
interface Address { street: string, city: string } interface User extends Address { username: string, password: string, email?: string }
class Admin implements User { username: string password: string email?: string street: string city: string constructor(username: string, password:string, street:string, city:string, email?:string){ this.username = username; this.password = password; this.email = email || ''; this.street = street; this.city = city; }; } var aAdmin = new Admin("user1", "123", "3/2 street", "hcmc"); console.log(aAdmin);
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