Heim > Artikel > Backend-Entwicklung > PHP-Crashkurs: Einfache Bildergalerie
Eine voll funktionsfähige Bildergalerie mit Upload-Funktionen mit PHP, HTML, jQuery, AJAX, JSON, Bootstrap, CSS und MySQL. Dieses Projekt enthält eine detaillierte Schritt-für-Schritt-Lösung mit Codeerklärungen und Dokumentation, was es zu einem umfassenden Tutorial zum Lernen macht.
Themen: PHP, MySQL, Blog, Ajax, Bootstrap, JQuery, CSS, Bildergalerie, Datei-Upload
simple-image-gallery/ │ ├── index.html ├── db/ │ └── database.sql ├── src/ │ ├── fetch-image.php │ └── upload.php ├── include/ │ ├── config.sample.php │ └── db.php ├── assets/ │ ├── css/ │ │ └── style.css │ ├── js/ │ │ └── script.js │ └── uploads/ │ │ └── (uploaded images will be stored here) ├── README.md └── .gitignore
db/database.sql:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `images` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `file_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `uploaded_on` datetime NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Konfigurationseinstellungen (include/config.sample.php)
<?php define('DB_HOST', 'localhost'); // Database host define('DB_NAME', 'image_gallery'); // Database name define('DB_USER', 'root'); // Change if necessary define('DB_PASS', ''); // Change if necessary define('UPLOAD_DIRECTORY', '/assets/uploads/'); // Change if necessary ?>
Datenbankverbindung herstellen (include/db.php)
<?php include 'config.php'; // Database configuration $dsn = 'mysql:host='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME; $options = [ PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, ]; // Create a new PDO instance try { $pdo = new PDO($dsn, DB_USER, DB_PASS, $options); $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); // Set error mode to exception } catch (PDOException $e) { echo 'Connection failed: ' . $e->getMessage(); // Display error message if connection fails } ?>
HTML-Struktur (index.html)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Image Gallery Upload</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/styles.css"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h1 class="text-center mt-5">Image Gallery</h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 offset-md-3"> <form id="uploadImage" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="image">Choose Image</label> <input type="file" name="image" id="image" class="form-control" required> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Upload</button> </form> <div id="upload-status"></div> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="row" id="gallery"> <!-- Images will be loaded here --> </div> </div> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script> <script src="assets/js/script.js"></script> <!-- Custom JS --> </body> </html>
AJAX-Verarbeitung (assets/js/script.js)
$(document).ready(function(){ // load gallery on page load loadGallery(); // Form submission for image upload $('#uploadImage').on('submit', function(e){ e.preventDefault(); // Prevent default form submission var file_data = $('#image').prop('files')[0]; var form_data = new FormData(); form_data.append('file', file_data); //hide upload section $('#uploadImage').hide(); $.ajax({ url: 'src/upload.php', // PHP script to process upload type: 'POST', dataType: 'text', // what to expect back from the server cache: false, data: new FormData(this), // Form data for upload processData: false, contentType: false, success: function(response){ let jsonData = JSON.parse(response); if(jsonData.status == 1){ $('#image').val(''); // Clear the file input loadGallery(); // Fetch and display updated images $('#upload-status').html('<div class="alert alert-success">'+jsonData.message+'</div>'); } else { $('#upload-status').html('<div class="alert alert-success">'+jsonData.message+'</div>'); // Display error message } // hide message box autoHide('#upload-status'); //show upload section autoShow('#uploadImage'); } }); }); }); // Function to load the gallery from server function loadGallery() { $.ajax({ url: 'src/fetch-images.php', // PHP script to fetch images type: 'GET', success: function(response){ let jsonData = JSON.parse(response); $('#gallery').html(''); // Clear previous images if(jsonData.status == 1){ $.each(jsonData.data, function(index, image){ $('#gallery').append('<div class="col-md-3"><img src="assets/uploads/'+image.file_name+'" class="img-responsive img-thumbnail"></div>'); // Display each image }); } else { $('#gallery').html('<p>No images found...</p>'); // No images found message } } }); } //Auto Hide Div function autoHide(idORClass) { setTimeout(function () { $(idORClass).fadeOut('fast'); }, 1000); } //Auto Show Element function autoShow(idORClass) { setTimeout(function () { $(idORClass).fadeIn('fast'); }, 1000); }
Bilder abrufen (src/fetch-images.php)
<?php include '../include/db.php'; // Include database configuration $response = array('status' => 0, 'message' => 'No images found.'); // Fetching images from the database $query = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM images ORDER BY uploaded_on DESC"); $query->execute(); $images = $query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); if(count($images) > 0){ $response['status'] = 1; $response['data'] = $images; // Returning images data } // Return response echo json_encode($response); ?> ?>
Bild-Upload (src/upload.php)
<?php include '../include/db.php'; // Include database configuration $response = array('status' => 0, 'message' => 'Form submission failed, please try again.'); if(isset($_FILES['image']['name'])){ // Directory where files will be uploaded $targetDir = UPLOAD_DIRECTORY; $fileName = date('Ymd').'-'.str_replace(' ', '-', basename($_FILES['image']['name'])); $targetFilePath = $targetDir . $fileName; $fileType = pathinfo($targetFilePath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION); // Allowed file types $allowTypes = array('jpg','png','jpeg','gif'); if(in_array($fileType, $allowTypes)){ // Upload file to server if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['image']['tmp_name'], $targetFilePath)){ // Insert file name into database $insert = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO images (file_name, uploaded_on) VALUES (:file_name, NOW())"); $insert->bindParam(':file_name', $fileName); $insert->execute(); if($insert){ $response['status'] = 1; $response['message'] = 'Image uploaded successfully!'; }else{ $response['message'] = 'Image upload failed, please try again.'; } }else{ $response['message'] = 'Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.'; } }else{ $response['message'] = 'Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG, & GIF files are allowed to upload.'; } } // Return response echo json_encode($response); ?>
CSS-Styling (assets/css/style.css)
body { background-color: #f8f9fa; } #gallery .col-md-4 { margin-bottom: 20px; } #gallery img { display: block; width: 200px; height: auto; margin: 10px; }
Diese Lösung umfasst das Einrichten des Projekts, die Datenbankkonfiguration, die HTML-Struktur, das Styling mit CSS, die Handhabung des Bild-Uploads mit AJAX und das Speichern von Bilddaten in der Datenbank mithilfe von PHP PDO. Jede Codezeile wird kommentiert, um ihren Zweck und ihre Funktionalität zu erläutern, sodass es sich um ein umfassendes Tutorial zum Erstellen einer Bildergalerie mit Upload-Funktion handelt.
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