在CentOS6.4中安装配置LAMP环境的详细步骤

　　本文详细介绍了CentOS6.4系统中安装LAMP服务并对其进行配置的过程，即安装Apache+PHP+Mysql，参照了网上大神的设置，其他Linux发行系统可以参考~

　　在本文中部分命令操作需要root权限，输入‘’命令后输入密码即可切换root身份。

设置文件允许80端口和3306端口。因为80端口是http协议所使用的端口，如果防火墙禁止80端口的话，网站配置好了也无法从外网访问。3306端口是MySql数据库的默认端口。使用VIM打开iptables文件并添加规则：

 

<span 1</span> <span 打开iptables文件进行修改
</span><span 2</span> vim /etc/sysconfig/<span iptables
</span><span 3</span> 
<span 4</span> <span 加入下列两行
</span><span 5</span> -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport <span 80</span> -<span j ACCEPT
</span><span 6</span> -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport <span 3306</span> -j ACCEPT

 

 

 

　　添加好后文件应该如下图，如果以前修改过该文件责可能和笔者的图中略有不同：

 

　　

2. 关闭SELINUX

中提供的(）系统。对于目前可用的 安全模块来说，SELinux 是功能最全面，基本上都是用负载均衡设备做流量分发，对外仅开放了仅有的几个端口。所以综合安全性和复杂性来说，SELinux的性价比并不高。修改文件关闭SELinux，设置后如图：

<span 1</span> vim /etc/selinux/<span config
</span><span 2</span> 
<span 3</span> <span 注释掉如下两行，在行首添加#注释。
</span><span 4</span> SELINUX=<span enforcing
</span><span 5</span> SELINUXTYPE=<span targeted
</span><span 6</span> 
<span 7</span> <span 在后面增加：
</span><span 8</span> SELINUX=disabled

 ’重启系统。

 

 

<span  1</span> <span 通过yum软件包管理器安装MySql，管理器会自动安装依赖项，遇到询问直接输入y确认，直到显示&ldquo;Complete！&rdquo;完成。
</span><span  2</span> <span yum</span> <span install</span> mysql mysql-<span server
</span><span  3</span> 
<span  4</span> <span 启动MySql
</span><span  5</span> /etc/init.d/<span mysqld start
</span><span  6</span> 
<span  7</span> <span 设置MySql服务为开机启动
</span><span  8</span> <span chkconfig mysqld on
</span><span  9</span> 
<span 10</span> <span 复制MySql默认配置文件，直接覆盖/etc/my.cnf
</span><span 11</span> <span cp</span> /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

 

MySql设置：

 

<span <span 输入如下命令后需要连续输入两次密码确认，有询问输入Y同意即可，成功后显示</span></span><span Thanks for using MySQL!。</span>

<span mysql_secure_installation</span>

 

　　设置成功后需要重启MySql服务：

<span 1</span> /etc/init.d/<span mysqld stop
</span><span 2</span> /etc/init.d/mysqld start

 

2. Apache服务的安装和配置

　　

<span  1</span> <span 安装httpd
</span><span  2</span> <span yum</span> <span install</span><span  httpd
</span><span  3</span> 
<span  4</span> <span 启动Apache服务
</span><span  5</span> /etc/init.d/<span httpd start
</span><span  6</span> 
<span  7</span> <span 编辑apache设置
</span><span  8</span> vim /etc/httpd/conf/<span httpd.conf
</span><span  9</span> <span 查找 <span #ServerName www.example.com:80</span></span>
<span 10</span> <span 修改成 <span ServerName</span> <span www.XXXX.com:80</span></span> 
<span 11</span> <span 其中的&ldquo;www.XXXX.com&rdquo;自己的域名，没有可设置为localhost，如图
</span><span 12</span> 
<span 13</span> <span 设置Apache服务开机启动
</span><span 14</span> <span chkconfig httpd on
</span><span 15</span> 
<span 16</span> <span 重启Apache服务
</span><span 17</span> /etc/init.d/httpd restart

3.安装PHP

　　

<span 遇到询问直接输y确认
</span><span yum</span> <span install</span> php

　　安装PHP插件：

<span 插件包括MySql支持等，遇到询问一如既往的y确认~~
</span><span yum</span> <span install</span> php-mysql php-gd libjpeg* php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-bcmath php-mhash libmcrypt

　　安装完成后不要忘了重启Apache和MySql：

/etc/init.d/<span mysqld restart
</span>/etc/init.d/httpd restart

　　

　　到此软件的安装就结束了，接下来进行配置和测试。

<span  1</span> <span 编辑文件Apache设置文件
</span><span  2</span> <span vi</span> /etc/httpd/conf/<span httpd.conf
</span><span  3</span> 
<span  4</span> <span <span 44行：</span> 修改 <span ServerTokens OS</span>  为 <span ServerTokens Prod
</span></span><span  5</span> <span 防止错误页显示操作系统名字
</span><span  6</span> 
<span  7</span> <span <span 76行：</span> 修改 <span KeepAlive Off</span> 为 <span KeepAlive On
</span></span><span  8</span> <span 允许程序性联机
</span><span  9</span> 
<span 10</span> <span 83行：</span> 修改 <span MaxKeepAliveRequests 100</span> 为 <span MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000</span>
<span 11</span> <span 增加同时连接数
</span><span 12</span> 
<span 13</span> <span <span 331行：</span> 修改 <span Options Indexes FollowSymLinks</span> 为 <span Options Includes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
</span></span><span 14</span> <span 允许服务器执行CGI及SSI，防止列出目录
</span><span 15</span> 
<span 16</span> <span <span 338行：</span> 修改 <span AllowOverride None</span>  为 <span AllowOverride All
</span></span><span 17</span> <span 允许.htaccess
</span><span 18</span> 
<span 19</span> <span <span 402行：</span> 修改 <span DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var</span>  为 <span DirectoryIndex index.php Default.php index.html index.htm Default.html Default.htm
</span></span><span 20</span> <span 添加php默认文档
</span><span 21</span> 
<span 22</span> <span <span 536行：</span>  修改 <span ServerSignature On</span> 为 ServerSignature Off 
</span><span 23</span> <span 防止错误页显示Apache版本
</span><span 24</span> 
<span 25</span> <span <span 554行：</span> 修改 <span Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks</span>  为 <span Options MultiViews FollowSymLinks
</span></span><span 26</span> <span 不显示树状目录结构
</span><span 27</span> 
<span 28</span> <span 759行：</span> 根据需要设置为 <span AddDefaultCharset UTF-8</span><span  或者 <span AddDefaultCharset GB2312
</span></span><span 29</span> <span 笔者大多数时候都在使用UTF-8编码，所以不进行修改
</span><span 30</span> 
<span 31</span> <span 796行：</span> 修改 <span #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi</span> 为 <span AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
</span><span 32</span> <span 允许扩展名为.pl的CGI脚本运行</span>

　　修改完成后保存退出并重启Apache，删除测试网页：

/etc/init.d/<span httpd restart

<span 删除测试网页
</span></span><span rm</span> -f /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf /var/www/error/noindex.html 

 

 

<span  1</span> <span 编辑php设置文件
</span><span  2</span> vim /etc/<span php.ini
</span><span  3</span> 
<span  4</span> <span 946行：</span> 修改 <span ;date.timezone = PRC</span> 为 <span date.timezone =</span><span <span  PRC</span>  <span （去掉分号）
</span></span><span  5</span> 
<span  6</span> <span 386行：</span> 修改 <span disable_functions =</span> 为 <span disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd,posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid,posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid,posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid,posix_getrlimit,posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty,posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid,posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname
</span><span  7</span> <span 设置PHP的禁用函数，若程序中需要使用的函数可以删除掉。
</span><span  8</span> 
<span  9</span> <span 432行：</span> 设置 <span expose_php = Off
</span><span 10</span> <span 禁止显示php版本的信息
</span><span 11</span> 
<span 12</span> <span 745行：</span> 设置 <span magic_quotes_gpc = On
</span><span 13</span> <span 打开magic_quotes_gpc，用于防止SQL注入
</span><span 14</span> 
<span 15</span> <span 229行：</span> 设置 <span short_open_tag = ON
</span><span 16</span> <span 支持php短标签
</span><span 17</span> 
<span 18</span> <span 380行：</span> 设置 <span open_basedir = .:/tmp/</span> 
<span 19</span> <span 设置允许访问的目录和/tmp/目录,防止php木马跨站</span>

 

　　修改完成保存后重启服务：

/etc/init.d/<span mysqld restart
</span>/etc/init.d/httpd restart

 

 

 

　　输入“

 

<span 1</span> <?<span php
</span><span 2</span>     <span phpinfo</span><span ();
</span><span 3</span> ?>

 

　　保存退出后在浏览器中输入localhost查看php信息：

 

  apache.apache -R /var/www/html