Linux下用Tar方式安装MySQL方法步骤

1.安装环境操作系统：Red Hat Linux Enterprise AS 4.0数据库：MySQL 6.0.6Web服务器：Apache 2.2.9脚本语言：PHP 5.2.62.安装My

1.安装环境
操作系统：Red Hat Linux Enterprise AS 4.0
数据库：MySQL 6.0.6
Web服务器：Apache 2.2.9
脚本语言：PHP 5.2.6

2.安装MySQL 6.0.6

# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql
# tar xzvf mysql-6.0.6-alpha.tar.gz
# cd mysql-6.0.6-alpha
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
# make
# make install
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql .
# chgrp -R mysql .
# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
# chown -R root .
# chown -R mysql var
# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

详解如下：

1）建立相应目录和组：
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql        //useradd -g mysql -d /usr/local/mysql name

2）开始安装mysql
# tar xzvf mysql-6.0.6-alpha.tar.gz   //解压缩

# cd mysql-6.0.6-alpha //进入解压后的文件目录

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \     //设定安装目录
--enable-thread-safe-client \                     //编译线程安全版的客户端库
--without-debug \                                      //关闭debug功能
--with-extra-charsets=gb2312 \              //添加gb2312中文字符支持
--enable-assembler \                             //使用一些字符函数的汇编版本
--with-raid \                                           //激活raid支持

# make   //编译

# make install   //安装

3）copy配置文件
有large，medium，small三个环境下的，根据机器性能选择，如果负荷比较大，，可修改里面的一些变量的内存使用值
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //复制配置文件

4）更改目录权限和组
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql .
# chgrp -R mysql .

5）建立数据库和表
# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql   //初始化授权

注：如果报以下错误
Installing MySQL system tables...
[ERROR] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: unknown option '--skip-federated'
[ERROR] Aborting
[Note] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete
只要将/etc/my.cnf文件中的skip-federated注释掉即可

6）再次更改目录权限和组
# chown -R root .
# chown -R mysql var

7）启动MySQL服务
# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &        
//启动MySQL(The & character tells the operating system to run MySQL in the background;
//it is ignored by MySQL itself.
//如果报错，注意及时查看/usr/local/mysql/var/下的日志文件)

8）设置MySQL启动服务
# cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld             //在自动启动列表里添加mysqld
# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on

9）修改MySQL密码
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' //修改密码
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost password 'new-password'
// 将localhost替换成你的主机域名，比如：zhaorg.csu.edu.cn

10）登录mysql数据库：

# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 18 to server version: 5.0.19-log
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> use mysql;
mysql>delete from user where password="";   //删除用于本机匿名连接的空密码帐号
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>quit

    （或者，也可运行如下命令（Alternatively you can run)：
        # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
        //which will also give you the option of removing the test
        //databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
        //strongly recommended for production servers.）

11）关闭MySQL服务

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p new-password shutdown   //关闭MySQL

3.安装Apache 2.2.9

# tar zvxf httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz

# cd httpd-2.2.9

# ./configure --enable-modules=all --enable-so     //DSO capability

# make

# make install

启动Apache服务
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

关闭Apache服务
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop

重启Apache服务
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

设置Apache启动服务
#cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

更改相应的配置文件
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs"     //提供Web服务的文档的根目录

//This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.

4.安装PHP 5.2.6

# tar xzvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz

# cd php-5.2.6

# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ \
--with-oci8=share,instantclient,/usr/lib/Oracle/10.2.0.3/client/lib //提供对Oracle数据库的支持

           （注：如果MySQL采用默认安装路径－－即未指定--prefix=/usr/local/mysql，则采用如下命令：
            # ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql
            否则会报类似以下的错误：
            configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under yes.
            Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!）

# make

# make install

copy配置文件
# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini

配置Apache服务的httpd.conf文件
*在LoadModule处添加 LoadModule php5_module module/libphp5.so
*在DirectoryIndex处添加 index.php
*在AddType application处添加
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
AddType applicatoin/x-httpd-php-source .phps

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