C# operator overloading
You can redefine or overload built-in operators in C#. Therefore, programmers can also use operators of user-defined types. An overloaded operator is a function with a special name, defined by the keyword operator followed by the symbol of the operator. Like other functions, overloaded operators have a return type and parameter list.
For example, consider the following function:
public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c)
{
Box box = new Box();
box.length = b.length + c.length;
box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth;
box.height = b.height + c.height;
return box;
}The above function implements the addition operator (+) for the user-defined class Box. It adds the properties of two Box objects and returns the added Box object.
Implementation of operator overloading
The following program demonstrates the complete implementation:
using System;
namespace OperatorOvlApplication
{
class Box
{
private double length; // 长度
private double breadth; // 宽度
private double height; // 高度
public double getVolume()
{
return length * breadth * height;
}
public void setLength( double len )
{
length = len;
}
public void setBreadth( double bre )
{
breadth = bre;
}
public void setHeight( double hei )
{
height = hei;
}
// 重载 + 运算符来把两个 Box 对象相加
public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c)
{
Box box = new Box();
box.length = b.length + c.length;
box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth;
box.height = b.height + c.height;
return box;
}
}
class Tester
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Box Box1 = new Box(); // 声明 Box1，类型为 Box
Box Box2 = new Box(); // 声明 Box2，类型为 Box
Box Box3 = new Box(); // 声明 Box3，类型为 Box
double volume = 0.0; // 体积
// Box1 详述
Box1.setLength(6.0);
Box1.setBreadth(7.0);
Box1.setHeight(5.0);
// Box2 详述
Box2.setLength(12.0);
Box2.setBreadth(13.0);
Box2.setHeight(10.0);
// Box1 的体积
volume = Box1.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box1 的体积： {0}", volume);
// Box2 的体积
volume = Box2.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box2 的体积： {0}", volume);
// 把两个对象相加
Box3 = Box1 + Box2;
// Box3 的体积
volume = Box3.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box3 的体积： {0}", volume);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following results :
Box1 的体积： 210 Box2 的体积： 1560 Box3 的体积： 5400
Overloadable and non-overloadable operators
The following table describes the capabilities of operator overloading in C#:
| Operation Symbol | Description |
|---|---|
| +, -, !, ~, ++, -- | These unary operators have only one operand and can is overloaded. |
| +, -, *, /, % | These binary operators take two operands and can be overloaded. |
| ==, !=, <, >, <=, >= | These comparison operators can be overloaded. |
| &&, || | These conditional logical operators cannot be directly overloaded. |
| +=, -=, *=, /=, %= | These assignment operators cannot be overloaded. |
| =, ., ?:, ->, new, is, sizeof, typeof | These operators cannot be overloaded. |
Example
In view of the above discussion, let us extend the above example and overload more operators:
using System;
namespace OperatorOvlApplication
{
class Box
{
private double length; // 长度
private double breadth; // 宽度
private double height; // 高度
public double getVolume()
{
return length * breadth * height;
}
public void setLength( double len )
{
length = len;
}
public void setBreadth( double bre )
{
breadth = bre;
}
public void setHeight( double hei )
{
height = hei;
}
// 重载 + 运算符来把两个 Box 对象相加
public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c)
{
Box box = new Box();
box.length = b.length + c.length;
box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth;
box.height = b.height + c.height;
return box;
}
public static bool operator == (Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length == rhs.length && lhs.height == rhs.height
&& lhs.breadth == rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator !=(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length != rhs.length || lhs.height != rhs.height
|| lhs.breadth != rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator <(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length < rhs.length && lhs.height
< rhs.height && lhs.breadth < rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator >(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length > rhs.length && lhs.height
> rhs.height && lhs.breadth > rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator <=(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length <= rhs.length && lhs.height
<= rhs.height && lhs.breadth <= rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator >=(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length >= rhs.length && lhs.height
>= rhs.height && lhs.breadth >= rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public override string ToString()
{
return String.Format("({0}, {1}, {2})", length, breadth, height);
}
}
class Tester
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Box Box1 = new Box(); // 声明 Box1，类型为 Box
Box Box2 = new Box(); // 声明 Box2，类型为 Box
Box Box3 = new Box(); // 声明 Box3，类型为 Box
Box Box4 = new Box();
double volume = 0.0; // 体积
// Box1 详述
Box1.setLength(6.0);
Box1.setBreadth(7.0);
Box1.setHeight(5.0);
// Box2 详述
Box2.setLength(12.0);
Box2.setBreadth(13.0);
Box2.setHeight(10.0);
// 使用重载的 ToString() 显示两个盒子
Console.WriteLine("Box1： {0}", Box1.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("Box2： {0}", Box2.ToString());
// Box1 的体积
volume = Box1.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box1 的体积： {0}", volume);
// Box2 的体积
volume = Box2.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box2 的体积： {0}", volume);
// 把两个对象相加
Box3 = Box1 + Box2;
Console.WriteLine("Box3： {0}", Box3.ToString());
// Box3 的体积
volume = Box3.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box3 的体积： {0}", volume);
//comparing the boxes
if (Box1 > Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 大于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不大于 Box2");
if (Box1 < Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 小于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不小于 Box2");
if (Box1 >= Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 大于等于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不大于等于 Box2");
if (Box1 <= Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 小于等于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不小于等于 Box2");
if (Box1 != Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不等于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 等于 Box2");
Box4 = Box3;
if (Box3 == Box4)
Console.WriteLine("Box3 等于 Box4");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box3 不等于 Box4");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}When the above When the code is compiled and executed, it produces the following results:
Box1： (6, 7, 5) Box2： (12, 13, 10) Box1 的体积： 210 Box2 的体积： 1560 Box3： (18, 20, 15) Box3 的体积： 5400 Box1 不大于 Box2 Box1 小于 Box2 Box1 不大于等于 Box2 Box1 小于等于 Box2 Box1 不等于 Box2 Box3 等于 Box4
